Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna: biography da kuma hoto

Ekaterina Vasilevna Budanova, biography wanda aka bayyana a wannan labarin, - wani jirgin saman soja matukin 73rd Guards rajimanti, Hero na Tarayyar Soviet. Budurwa Lydia Litvyak. Su yi yaƙi da juna.

wuya yara

Budanov Ekaterina aka haife Disamba 7, 1916 a Smolensk yankin, a Tumanovska (a halin yanzu Vyazemskoye) yankin, a kauyen Konoplyanka. Mahaifinta ya rasu a 1924, da kuma mahaifiyarsa, Alexandra Yakovlevna, aka bar tare da 'ya'ya biyar. Catherine sa'an nan kawai ya juya 6 years old. Mahaifiyarta iya ciyar duk da yara, da kuma abinci da kullum da rasa. Kate yi aiki daga shekaru 7 da haihuwa. A lokacin hunturu da ta halarta, da kuma sauran wasu shãyar jariran.

samuwar

Duk da wuya yara, Catherine sauke karatu daga gida kauyen makaranta tare da creditable wasika. Ta ewa ba zai koyi da more, amma da kudi don ba. Kuma zuwa ga mafi kusa shekaru bakwai na makaranta shi ya 14 kilomita. Kate sauke karatu daga ta baya, lokacin da damar da ya tashi.

Bayan da aka yanke shawarar da iyali majalisa, cewa ta bukata domin ya koyi. Amma Katya mahaifiyar ba ya so ya ma ji game da matukan jirgi aiki. Kuma aika wani ya ga dangi a Moscow. Amma akwai Ekaterina Vasilevna Budanova tukuna sanya wani zabi a cikin ni'imar daga cikin mafarki, ya tafi zuwa ga karatu a tashi kulob din. Ya kammala karatunsa a 1934. Sa'an nan kuma ya ci gaba da karatu a cikin jirgin sama makaranta. Gama shi a 1936, sa'an nan suka shiga yawo makaranta Kherson. Ta sauke karatu daga gare shi a 1939

matasa

Kate tun suna yara ya da wani hannu, aiki, na gaisuwa da kuma sauri-witted. Ta yi rawa da rera waka da kyau. Ta aka ƙaunar da dukkan - biyu a gida da kuma a cikin dukan kauyen. Ta ko da yaushe ya taimaki tsofaffi da kuma shi ne mai kyau ba da shawara ga matasa. Ta mafarki ya zama mace matukin jirgi. Ta karanta abubuwa da yawa game da mutane da wannan sana'a.

aikin Experience

Lokacin da Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna zo zuwa Moscow don ci gaba da karatunsa, ta samu aiki a sufurin jiragen sama Shuka. Gorbunov fitter. Majagaba zama 63rd makaranta. Bayan kammala karatu daga tashi kulob zauna a can da aiki kamar yadda wani malami. Kafin yakin, ya gudanar da aiki da kuma wani matukin jirgi. Na halarci a cikin Tushino iska farati.

A farkon na Great Patriotic

A cikin fall na 1941 Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna Na zo aikin sa kai a cikin aya inda mata regiments aka kafa. Yana da aka directed a sashi mayakan. Ta ya za a retrained a kan matukin jirgin sama fama "Yak-1." Bayan ta aika zuwa 586-th mace rajimanti, umarta ta Marina Raskova.

Honing basira a cikin yaki da kuma na farko sirri nasara

A cikin bazara na 1942 Catherine halarci farko fadace-fadace na Saratov. A sa'an nan da ta fara zuwa Hone da dabarun da matukan jirgi, ya ci gaba da kansa musamman irin style. A cikin fall na 1942 ya aka aiko zuwa 437 th rajimanti, da Stalingrad gaban. Wani lokaci muna da yãƙi ba, a nau'i-nau'i da 12-13 maƙiya a lokaci daya. Ko hudu zuwa 19.

Oktoba 6 Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna, wani kwararren matukin jirgin, suka yi yaƙi daya da 13 JU-88. Ta fado cikin tsarin fiye da tarwatsa makiya, da kuma a lokacin da kira na biyu ya sahu mafi kusa "Junkers". Ya na farko sirri nasara Ekateriny Budanovoy.

A watan Nuwamba, 1942, da iska fadace-fadace sun zama ƙara m. Soviet matukan jirgin, sau da yawa suka yi yaƙi da wani m yawan abokan gaba. A wannan lokaci, Catherine aka halaka uku Jamus jirgin sama.

Daga cikin mafi kyau matuka. A farko awards

A watan Nuwamba, riga a cikin sahu na biyu leftana, Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna, photos da cewa su ne a cikin wannan labarin, an yaba da "free dayansu". A Disamba 10, duk da cewa man fetur da kuma harsasai ne kusan babu zabi, ta shiga yaƙi da biyu Jamus ME-109. Yaƙin dade minti 25, amma Catherine ya iya kawo saukar da gubar jirgin sama.

A cikin hunturu 1943, ta aika zuwa 73rd Guards rajimanti mayakan. Suka yi yaƙi guda biyu tare da L. Litvyak. Matukan jirgin ya zama mafi kyau abokai. Budanov da aka bai cika yiwuwa lokacin da kwamandan nada ta bawa. Kuma ta jimre da shi brilliantly.

A watan Fabrairu 1942, Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna samu ta farko lambar yabo - da Order of Red Star. A watan Maris Aviator koma tare da wani "free farauta" da kuma Jamus spotter sawa, yawo da gaban line. Catherine ta fara bin. Daga karo na farko riske nimble jirgin sama ya kasa. A Jamus bar daga wuta, maneuvering maida. "Frames" daga hagu tare da wani karu a tsananta. Budanov amma kuma zuwa rage da kuma kusan sama da ƙasa har yanzu ya sãme Jamus jirgin sama ya hallaka shi.

A cikin bazara da kuma bazara na 1943, Catherine tare da kungiyar da aka buga da kamar wata maƙiyi mayakan da daya m. Bisani, ya samu lambar yabo a cikin nau'i na Order na Patriotic War na farko mataki.

A jaruntakar mutuwar matukan jirgin,

Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna, gwajin matukin jirgi, ya mutu a jaruntakar mutuwa. Yana faru Yuli 19, 1943 Catherine, tare da wata kungiyar na mayakan rufe Soviet "Il-2". Suka tafi da tushe bayan da nasara storming na abokan gaba. A mayakan biye da su. Catherine rufe sama da raya kungiyar. Nan da nan ta ga wani adadin uku Jamus ME-109.

Lokaci a kan su gargadi da ba, kuma shi kadai ya shiga wani zalunci yaƙi. Ta iya lashe shi ya sha ɗaya nasara. Amma, abin takaici, da karshe. Mazauna New Krasnovka kallo da yaki daga ƙasa. Suna gani a matsayin daya daga cikin German jirgin sama fara rasa datsa guda kuma ya tafi ƙasar da m karkace. Na biyu jũya. A fili, kuma ya sha wahala da tsanani lalacewa, da kuma gudu daga wurin yaƙi, kokarin tserewa. Amma da na uku ya iya buga fitar Soviet jirgin saman soja. Da farko ya kawai ya fãɗi, amma ba zato ba tsammani a baje kuma ko da komai a fili a kan filin. A kauyen nan da nan ya sheƙa zuwa cikin jirgin sama da kuma ja daga ya konu jiki na matukin jirgi. Wannan ya Catherine. Ta ya sume. Amma raunukan sun kasance haka mai tsanani da cewa Aviator mutu, ba tare da ya farka,. Ta kasance kawai 26 shekaru da haihuwa.

karshe karrama

Budanov jana'izar da aka fadin. Ta aka aza wa sauran a gefen kauyen Novo-Krasnovka. Yana da aka sallama a cikin umurnin da lakabi na Hero na Tarayyar Soviet, amma samu shi posthumously. A lokacin yakin, Catherine sanya 266 fama flights da kuma hallaka 11 maƙiyi jirgin sama.

Budanova Ekaterina Vasilevna aka rantsuwarsu reburied May 9, 1988, a Lugansk yankin, Antratsit gundumar, a kauyen Bobrikov. Domin ta dalibai Novokrasnovskoy ta kabari duba bayan makaranta. A kauyen Bobrikov, inda kuma ya mutu Ekaterina Budanov, kafa ta tunawa. A Tretyakov Gallery aka adana fasa matukan jirgin, wanda Ya halitta Mukhina, a sculptor. Mamayev Kurgan aka rubuta da sunan Ekateriny Budanovoy.

A Moscow, da sunan matukan jirgi kira titi inda ta rayu kafin yaki. Kuma a kan facade na makaranta yawan 63 da aka shigar da wani abin tunawa plaque. A Smolensk yankin, a kauyen Tumanovo akwai Str. Katie Budanov. A song aka rubuta a request daga cikin matuka jirgin makaranta na kauye. A Smolensk akwai gidan kayan gargajiya na Great Patriotic War. Yana da ma'aikata ke son abubuwa da take Ekaterine Budanovoy.