Kostenko Lina: bayyane, kerawa, hoto

Kostenko Lina Vasilievna wani mawallafin Ukrainian ne wanda ke da nasaba da ƙwararrun shekarun nan. Dole ta shiga cikin gwaje-gwaje da dama. Ta tafi cikin "mantaka." Bisa ga halinsa, ba ta iya zama tare da masu fasaha na Ukrainian, wanda ke da mahimmanci a yau da kullum. Amma Lina Kostenko, wanda zanenmu da rayuwarmu za mu yi la'akari da wannan matsala, a koyaushe yana da ƙaunatacciyar matasan. Dalibai, kamar shekaru da yawa da suka wuce, sun je wurin laccoci da tarurruka da yawa tare da ita. Kuma a duk lokacin da akwai wani abu mai ban mamaki a Ukraine, mawakan ya amsa masa tare da mummunar ta'addanci na sarcastic.

Shekarun farko

Kostenko Lina Vasilievna an haife shi ranar 19 ga Maris, 1930, a garin Rzhyshchiv, ba da nisa da Kiev ba, a cikin iyalin malamai. Shekaru shida bayan ta haihuwa da iyali koma babban birnin kasar Ukraine. Ta zauna a tsibirin Trukhanov, wanda a wancan shekarun ake kira "Kiev Venice". A lokacin aikin Nazi, an ƙone shi tare da ƙauyen. Jami'o'i biyu da suka kammala digiri - Kiev Pedagogical da Moscow Literary Institute - kuma a shekarar 1956 ya shiga girma. Tuni a shekarun nan ba a yarda da daya daga cikin mawaƙa masu ladabi ba, Lina Kostenko. Hotuna a cikin matasanmu na jaririnmu ya nuna fuskarta mai kyau, mai hankali da fushi.

"Siyasa"

Da farko, waqannan maqaban mawaki sun soki. Amma, tun daga shekarar 1961, an zarge shi da cewa yana da "rashin siyasa" kuma ba a buga shi ba, kuma har yanzu hukumomin sun ƙara yin sukar. Laya Kostenko ya zama waƙa a cikin wasu ƙasashe - a Poland, Czechoslovakia, kuma sun kasance masu shahara a samizdat. Lokacin da a shekarar 1965 suka fara kama 'yan tawaye a cikin harshen Intanet na Ukrainian, sai ta kare ta a fili ta yadda ake tsanantawa a cikin halin kirki. Ta rubuta wasiƙu don kare 'yan fursunonin siyasa, sun jefa furanni a lokacin fitina. Har ma a lokacin, matasan sun ba ta tsayayyar tsai, duk da haɗarin irin wannan bayyanar. Ko da yake Kostenko Lina Vasilyevna ba a kama shi ba kuma ba a yi masa tambayoyi ba, an dakatar da shi kawai ne a cikin labaran Soviet. Ba a ambaci sunansa ba, kuma an sanya ta cikin jerin "launi". Matar ta yi aiki mafi yawa a kan teburin.

Halittar zamanin da aka samu

Kodayake cewa an yi watsi da mawaki mai girman kai na Ukrainian, a lokacin wannan lokacin ta rubuta ayyukanta mafi shahara. Da farko, sune jerin "Mountain Prince" da kuma "A saman bankunan kogi na har abada", da kuma wani littafi a cikin aya "Marusya Churay", "Berestechko" da "The Duma a kan 'yan'uwan Nezov", wasan kwaikwayon "Aljannar bautar gumaka". A cikin waƙarsa, har ma da farko, akwai babban falsafancin falsafa. Yana iya rinjayar dabarun wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallafe. Tarin "sama da ɗakunan bango na har abada" ya zama ainihin binciken poetic. Babban credo na Lina shi ne kalmomin daya daga cikin jarumawansa cewa bai ji tsoron masu ba da labaran ba a cikin gidan, domin yana son ya bayyana kome ga sarki a cikin mutum. Ta ji daɗin irin wannan ƙaunar masu karatu cewa ko da jami'an Soviet sun ji tsoron ta.

Hotuna da ƙungiyoyi

A cikin ayyukanta Kostenko Lina Vasilievna ya juya zuwa labarun gargajiya. Wadannan su ne hotunan zane-zane, halayen labarun tarihi, tarihin mutane masu daraja. Amma a lokaci guda ta ba da dukkan wannan ma'anar ta biyu da na uku, wanda ya dace da halin yanzu, yana jagorancin daidaitattun abubuwa, yana haifar da hare-haren da ba'a da kyau. Masu zargi suna jayayya cewa a cikin wannan filin mawaki ba shi da daidaito a wallafe-wallafen Ukrainian na yanzu. Babbar nasara shine rubutun tarihinta a tarihin tarihin "Marusya Churay." Wannan shi ne fassarar fassarar labarin da aka sani game da ƙauna mara kyau. Wata yarinya wadda ta rubuta waƙoƙin kiristanci, ta ƙaunaci Cossack, sa'an nan kuma guba shi saboda rashin bangaskiya. Amma babban rikici na labari - a cikin karo na maximalism da pragmatism, m rashin imani da lissafin, wanda mutane da yawa kira "da ikon rayuwa." Babban fasalin Lina Kostenko shine ƙwarewa.

Fita ga mutane

A zamanin perestroika, aikin mawallafin ba kawai ya fara farawa ba - ana jin dadi sosai. A shekarar 1987 an ba da kyautar "Shevchenko Prize" a Kostenko Lina Vasilievna. Hoton da kuke gani a sama ya kama yadda wannan shekarar ke dubawa. Wannan lambar yabo ta bayar da ita ga littafin "Marusya Churai". Mai mawaka kuma ya sami lambar yabo. Wannan shine kyautar duniya na Petrarch (1994), da kuma Yaroslav mai hikima (2000). Amma ta ki yarda da sunan jaridar Hero na Ukraine, yana cewa ba ta sa kayan ado ba. Da yawa daga cikin tarinta da abubuwan ban mamaki waɗanda basu gani hasken shekaru ba sun fito. A shekara ta 2010, an wallafa littafin "Berestechko", har ma kawai littafin "Protestant lunatic" wanda ya haifar da farin ciki. Mafi shahararrun shi ne jerin jerin waƙoƙin "Hyacinth Sun" da "Kogin Heraclitus."

Modern Lina Kostenko

Tarihin kai tsaye - wannan ba shine jinsi wanda ya jagoranci mawaki ba. Ga dukan shekarun tamanin, ba ta damu da rubuta wani abu kamar wannan ba. Amma a shekarar 2012, Afrilu 9, da ranar haihuwar Charles Baudelaire, Ukrainian DiSSiDENT marubuci Ivan Dziuba gabatar da littafin game da ita rayuwa "Akwai kasida, zãmunna." Mawãƙi ya ci gaba da rubutun waƙoƙi, yana ƙoƙari ya rufe manyan wuraren tarihi, don fahimtar al'amuran al'ada da siyasa. Tana jin dadi sosai game da duniyar duniyar da muke rayuwa duka, da kuma bayyana shi a cikin kwakwalwa masu ban tsoro, wanda ke amsawa ga labarun. "Abin da ke gudana a yanzu," masanin falsafar falsafa, "mafarki ne mai mafarki wanda ya yi mafarki ga bil'adama. Sa'an nan kuma za a kira shi Tarihi. Sa'an nan kuma ƙara zuwa mafarki masu ban tsoro na baya. " "Jinina yana fitowa daga kunnuwana lokacin da na ji ana cutar da mutanena."

Daga irin wannan ra'ayi, dalilai na asali sun fito a cikin waƙarta. Amma a ƙarshe, aikin Lina Kostenko baya nufin fidda zuciya da rashin bege, amma a sha'awar kammalawa, 'yan Adam, sha'awar samun tunani da mutunci na' yan ƙasa. "Kuma duk wanda ya ce wa wani abu, amma mugunta za ta shuɗe kuma gaskiya za ta ci gaba!" - ta tabbata. A daya daga cikin taron manema labaru, marubucin ya bayyana mafarkinta. Ba za ta so ya rubuta waqoqi ba tare da canza launin siyasa, amma "a zana tsuntsaye tare da fensir na azurfa a kan zane mai launi."