Lokacin da baya a 1330 Bertold Shvarts, wani Jamus m wanda ya gano gunpowder propellant Properties, ya taba tunanin cewa zai zama m na sabon Allah - Allah na yaki.
Asalin manyan bindigogi
Bude m sauri amfani a soja al'amarinmu, kuma nan da nan akwai yankuna biyu da makamai da ci gaba, inda amai da kaddarorin gunpowder amfani. A farko daga cikin wadannan da aka haifar da wata hur hannunka-aka gudanar da kananan makamai, na biyu - da samar da bindigogi. Ana zargin handguns bai kai ga halittar wani sabon irin sojojin. Suna kawai dauke da makamai da data kasance, ya maye gurbin dakaru da sojojin doki bakuna da haske javelins - darts. Amma bayyanar bindigogi kafa wani sabon sojojin, wanda a Rasha da aka kira "wuta dress", da kuma cewa Italian sharhi Niccolo Tartaglia makamai samarwa kira da manyan bindigogi, wanda a fassara nufin "ma'adanin na harbi." Wasu masu bincike yi imani da cewa kungiyar soja bayyana da kyau kafin a bude na Jamus m, tare da sabuwar dabara na farko propelling kayan - ballista. Duk abin da ya, gunkin yaki manyan bindigogi ne daidai da halittar bindigogi.
A ci gaba da Allah na War
A tsawon lokaci, da soja ba yana tsaye har yanzu, da kuma manyan bindigogi da aka ba kawai inganta, amma kuma sabon iri na nuni: howitzers, rokoki, mahara roka launchers da sauransu. A karni na ashirin manyan bindigogi da gaske mamaye fagen. Kuma tare da ci gaban da kayan aikin raya da kuma manyan bindigogi ammonium.
daban na bawo
A farko harsashi, wanda bayar da abokan gaba, bai zama ba fãce da al'ada dutse, a sauya ballista. Tare da gabatarwar bindigogi fara amfani da musamman dutse, sa'an nan da karfe core. Su na amfani da abokin gaba asarar saboda da sanadin motsi makamashi samu a lokacin da harbe-harben. Amma ko da a cikin sha biyu karni AD a kasar Sin mu yi amfani da abubuwa masu fashewa dako, methane abokin gaba da catapult. Saboda haka, da shawara ga yin m core na fashewar kayan ciki ba dade a cikin zuwan. Saboda haka akwai wani manyan bindigogi fashewar dako. Ya inflicts gagarumin lalacewar saboda da makamashi na fashewa da kuma watsi sartse. Bayan bayyanar sulke hari magance su musamman makamai sokin, sokin kuma tarawa harsasai da aka ɓullo. Su aiki ya shiga makamai da kuma lalata kayan aiki da manpower da suke a zabronevom sarari. Akwai kuma na musamman-manufa bawo: haskakãwa, incendiary, sunadarai, da kuma sauran farfaganda. Kwanan samun shahararsa shiryar da tarin harsasai, wanda kansu daidaita ta jirgin more daidai buga hari.
Concussive bawo
Landmine wakiltar m cajin (m) wanda inflicts lalacewa ta hanyar tura taguwar ruwa, high zafin jiki da kuma fashewar kayayyakin (wasu nakiyoyi, misali, ba da damar konewa na mai guba sallama). M dako kusan ba a yi amfani da m form. M cajin sanya a cikin wani m karfe jiki iya withstanding high matsa lamba a cikin huda. Saboda haka, a cikin ayukan iska mai ƙarfi m harsashi siffofin babban adadin da wani ɓaɓɓake. Wannan harsasai da aka mai suna high-m dako (CFC). Mafiya yawa na manyan bindigogi nakiyoyi ne kawai da CFC.
shrapnel
Tun a wasa da al'ada FFS da wuya a tabbatar da wani uniform watsawa na da wani ɓaɓɓake, shi da aka ci gaba da high-m bawo da shirye-dukar abubuwa. Wannan irin munition ake kira "shrapnel" (a cikin girmamawa ga kirkiro, Birtaniya jami'in Henry Shrepnela). Mafi tasiri idan an busa a wata tsawo na mitoci da dama daga ƙasa. Modern harsasai submunitions sun fukin tsuntsu form pyramids, wadda ke bayar da ko da buga ɗauka da sauƙi sulke hari.
Landmine da makamai
A marigayi 40-ies na XX karni a UK da shi da aka ɓullo da m dako ya hallaka maƙiyi sulke da motocin. Yana da wani gidaje tare da bakin ciki ganuwar, a cikin abin da aka sanya da m cajin da wani detonator da retarder. Ga lamba tare da bakin ciki ƙarfe makamai daina kai hare hare rushe kuma mĩƙe da makamai BB, kamawa da mafi girma zai yiwu yankin. Bayan wannan aiki da aka qaddamar da wani detonator da undermining na bama-bamai. Wannan sa a cikin jirgin da kuma shan kashi sunadaran zabronevom ciki sarari, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa da kuma kona saman Layer na makamai. Wannan irin aka kira high-m squash kai. Duk da haka, tare da zuwan tsauri kariya da kuma bambancin da makamai, ya aka samu ya zama m. A halin yanzu, wadannan makamai masu linzami ne a sabis kawai a mahaifarsa - a Birtaniya.
Fis din m bawo
A farko fis high-fashewar nakiyoyi ne na al'ada, lagwani cewa an kunna lokacin da kora daga wani gun da kuma haifar BB qaddamar bayan wani lokaci. Duk da haka, bayan bayyanar rifled bindigogi da kuma bawo conical siffar, wanda tabbas zai alƙawari da wata matsala gaban na harka, akwai fis din feat. Irfan. Su amfani ta'allaka ne da cewa yashewa na BB faruwa nan da nan bayan lamba tare da wata matsala ba. Domin lalata kufaifan feat. Irfan fis din sanye take da retarder. Wannan yarda for harsasai, da farko shiga cikas, game da shi, da cika fuska kara da ingancinsu. Outfitting bam da mafi m fis jiki da lokacin farin ciki ganuwar (kyale, saboda sanadin motsi makamashi, shiga zurfi a cikin ganuwar da dadewa wuta maki) samu betonoboynymi dako.
Ba zato ba tsammani, a farko mataki na WWII tankuna KV-2 amfani 152-millimeter bawo betonoboynymi nasarar yaƙi da Jamusanci makamai. Lokacin da allura a cikin matsakaici ko haske Jamus tank harsashi saboda da nauyi, da farko ya hallakar da mota, tsãge hasumiyar, sa'an nan fashe. A hasara na feat. Irfan fuzes shi ne cewa a lokacin da saki a cikin m gona (misali, fadama), ba su yi aiki. Wannan matsalar iya kawar da m detonator damar wani fashewa da harsasai a wani nesa daga gefen gun ganga. A halin yanzu, irin wannan detonator amfani a kusan duk na CFC. Yana da damar, misali, da harbe-harben da tank cannons a iska hari (jirage masu saukar ungulu).
Fama da yin amfani da m projectiles
High-m bawo - babban irin ammonium amfani da zamani manyan bindigogi tsarin. Suna amfani da su hallaka garun, lalacewar da kuma lalata daban-daban fama materiel, da hannunsa, manpower. Tare da su taimako, cikin wurare suna ƙulli a cikin minefields da kuma tsaron gida injiniya Tsarin. Alal misali, a cikin lokaci na ƙarshe da Great Patriotic War na Soviet kai-propelled manyan bindigogi shigarwa mis-152, ta amfani da 152-mm high-m dako, nasarar halaka Jamus bunkers a cikin Seelow Heights, fiye da wata nasara daga 1st da 2nd Guards Tank Army Katukova da Bogdanov arewa maso gabashin Berlin. Ko da a cikin mafi yawan iko maras makaman nukiliya na yau (RZSO "Twister") sun qumshi kafuwar harsasai roka high-m bawo 9M55F wanda idan fashe harbi daidaita da makaman kare dangi.