Mene ne mafi girma dutse a Afirka? Kilimanjaro: description, photo

Afirka - m saboda mutane da yawa mazauna Eurasian nahiyar. Akwai sararin hamadar da savannahs an samu sabon abu dabbobi da girma da ban mamaki shuke-shuke. Kada ka san abin da mafi girman dutsen a Afirka? Sunayen wasu daga cikinsu, kuma har yanzu muna tuna da makaranta manhaja, yayin da wasu kaucewa ba a sani ba.

janar description

Babban alama na nahiyar ne cewa high duwãtsu ba folded Tsarin. Ga misali, mafi girma dutse a Afirka, located a gabashin Afrika tsaunuka. A arewa maso yammacin kuma kudu na nahiyar falalen duwãtsu folded - Atlas da Cape. Habasha (Abyssinian) tsaunuka da aka located in arewa-maso-gabas kunya Aberdarsky - a cikin zuciya na nahiyar, da Drakensberg Mountains ne a kudu, da kuma Ahaggar - arewa maso yammacin. Bugu da kari, Afirka ne domin ta shahara aiki da kuma dadaddun volcanoes (Kilimanjaro da Kamaru).

A mafi dutsen a Afirka - Kilimanjaro

Wannan sararin dutsen kewayon aka hada da uku dadaddun volcanoes yanzu - Mawenzi (5129 m), Shira (3962 m), da kuma Kibo (5,895 m). Haka kuma, da tsawo daga cikin mafi girman dutsen a Afirka aka dauke su 5895 mita. Tsararru ne dake kan tudu na Masai. Masana kimiyya ba su da shirin gaskiya shaida cewa a zamanin da akwai volcanic aiki, magana game da shi kawai wani labari. A Kilimanjaro yankin a yau volcanism tunatar kawai lokaci-lokaci da kima. Duk da haka, a baya canjawa da landslides aka rubuta.

Afrika mafi dutsen ne domin ta shahara kankara hula tun ganiya rufe glaciers domin da yawa millennia. Yau, masana kimiyya da dama sun nuna damuwarsu cewa wannan babbar snow hula iya bace a cikin zuwan shekarun da suka gabata. Kila, suna tsoro ne ba ta da tushe - a karshe shekaru 100 da hula ya rage a juz'i na da kusan 80%. Wannan ba saboda tashi a zazzabi, amma ya dogara da rage daga cikin adadin snow fadowa a cikin yankin.

A mafi dutsen a Afirka da aka bude a 1848, fasto na Jamus Johannes Rebmann. Domin da farko lokacin da kokarin mamaye taron na Hungarian Count SamuelTeleki, amma biyayya da shi ne kawai a 1889, wani Jamus matafiyi Hans Meyer da abõkinsa - mai hawan duwatsu daga Austria Ludwig Purtscheller.

Mount Kenya

Yana ba da mafi dutsen a Afirka, duk da haka, ya kai wani tsawo na 5199 mita. Mount Kenya - shi ne wani dadadden stratovolcano da kuma daya daga cikin mafi shahara tsakanin tuddai kololuwa na nahiyar Afirka. An located in na kasa shakatawa Mount Kenya, wadda aka kafa a shekarar 1949 don kare kewaye yankin.

Mafi sau da yawa hawa wannan dutse sanya shi ga uku kololuwa - Batiani, Nelionu kuma Point Lenanu. Daga mai fasaha ra'ayi, mafi araha da kuma sauki-to-Point Lenana aka dauke su a located a kudu-maso-gabas da massif.

Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa game da shekaru miliyan biyu da suka wuce - Dutsen Kenya ne wani aiki mai aman wuta. Akwai version cewa a wancan zamani, har Kilimanjaro.

A 1849 ta bude wani Jamus mishan Johann Krapf, da kuma bayan 34, ya tabbatar da ta samu Explorer George. Thompson, ya sauko da kafar daga yamma.

Kamaru

Wannan dutsen da aka dauke su mafi girma a cikin tsakiyar Afirka. Tsayinsa ne 4070 mita. A halin yanzu, shi ne har yanzu nuna volcanic aiki. A karshe shigowa daga kasar Kamaru da ke rubuce a 2000. Top da dutsen da aka ba ko da yaushe rufe da dusar ƙanƙara, amma wani lokacin ta bayyana hula. Vulcan ma yana da wasu sunaye - Phaco da Mongo Ma Ndeme - kamar yadda shi ne ake kira da ke yankin.

Bude wannan aman wuta Portuguese matuƙan - mambobi ne na balaguro, wanda aka neman hanyar fadin Afirka zuwa India. Ya yi nasara da taron a 1861, Richard Francis Burton.

Habasha tsaunuka

An ayi a arewa maso gabashin nahiyar, Habasha, Eritrea, da kuma jera zuwa arewa na kasar Somaliya. Tsororuwar dutse aka dauke su Ras Dashen. Tsayinsa ne 4550 mita. A gabas da kudancin tsaunuka m zana hotunan. Sukan sauka a cikin zurfin kwarin. Yammacin zana hotunan stupenchatoe daban-daban form, ya sassaka da zurfin canyons na Blue Nile. Valley tsaunuka da aka raba a kan free-tsaye iri-iri (Amba). A rubuta cikin tsaunuka na kasar Habasha gneiss, schists, volcanic dutse dake a sama.

The Plateau da aka alama monsoon sauyin yanayi, wanda damar nan don girma a kofi itace, hatsin rai da kuma alkama. Bugu da kari, akwai mutane da yawa ma'adanai - zinariya, platinum, sulfur, tagulla da kuma ƙarfe tama. Mined nan lignite, farar ƙasa, kuma gypsum.

Atlas duwãtsu

Wannan dutsen da kewayon aka located a arewa maso yammacin nahiyar. Na dogon lokaci an yi tunanin cewa shi kara daga Atlantic Coast a Morocco har zuwa bakin tekun na Tunisia. Yau an tabbatar da cewa shi lullube for 2,300 kilomita daga Cape Sirte zuwa Kotey.

Atlas Mountains rabu daga Rum da kuma Atlantic Coast na hamadan Sahara. Sun yi yawa ridges. Tsororuwar tsararru - Dutsen Toubkal (4167 m).