Mene ne "ultras". kwallon kafa ultras

Mene ne "ultras", ji da wadanda suke da hannu, ko sha'awar kwallon kafa wasanni lambar 1 a duniya. Obscheupotreblyaemym kalma ne tafi, sau da yawa ake dangantawa da kwallon kafa hooliganism. A zamani motsi "ultras" motsi daga ta'adi ko zama a matsayin wani ɓangare na da hisabiba. Directed aiki na da wakilan da subculture a popularizing a wasu kwallon kafa kulob din a daban-daban hanyoyi da matakai, halaye.

A ra'ayi na "ultras" kamar yadda wani nadi ungiyoyin na mutane ya bayyana a cikin rabi na biyu na karni na karshe. Bayan da yaki, da farko a Turai, wannan kungiyar ya zama magoya na "Milan". Italiya amfani da siffofin "lafiya," da sauri yada a fadin Turai.

Ultras - kungiyar na magoya

Kamar yadda na aikin jagora jihohin ultras - wata kungiya daga magoya, wani motsi wanda burin - don tallafa wasanni teams. Na data kasance matsananci mafi yawansu daga kulake a Turai da kuma Kudancin Amirka. A wasu yankuna na motsi da raba dokokin, amma ba shi da wata, tsattsarkar shugabanci.

Ultras gano tare da kulob din, tare da sunansa, ruhu, tarihi da kuma daukaka. A ra'ayin, wanda shi ne batun duk da rayuwa da kuma bukatun da motsi ta magoya bayan, ba za a iya kalubalanci. Kamar yadda ba shi yiwuwa a tabbatar da ultras, abin da yake mai kyau ko mummuna.

Lee ta tashi a baya kwallon kafa hooliganism?

Mutane barata da take hakkin jama'a domin kwallon kafa fifiko, da ake kira kwallon kafa hooligans. Su aukan kansu a matsayin magoya bayan na subculture. A cikin tarihi na kwallon kafa da muka sani da yawa daga kananan arangama da 'yan sanda, ko da magoya da sabani cikin tawagar magoya, ya ƙare ba tare da jikkata, amma akwai "black page" na kwallon kafa, inda wadanda suka dama mutane.

Bayan da bala'i a Heysel, a Brussels, kuma a cikin "Hillsborough", bi, m takunkumi da magoya kuma kwallon kafa kulake, kwallon kafa hooliganism ne a hankali ya fara Wane. A duniya akwai wani kananan karo, wanda amsa a wani tsari da 'yan sanda, jami'an tsaro.

The motsi yau

Mene ne ultras Yau: shi ne wani na Gininsu, wanda hadawa daga goma zuwa yawa dubban aiki magoya. Tsunduma magoya bayan wani musamman subculture duk yiwu irin bayanai da kuma gabatarwa da goyon baya ga su kwallon kafa kulob din. Ciki har da rarraba da kuma sayar da tikiti, halittar promotional sayarwa, shirya tafiye-tafiye zuwa ashana a cikin wasu kasashe. Akwai wani rukuni daga membobinsu kudade (game da 10 Tarayyar Turai da wata).

Hanyar da halayen

Football ultras amfani da inganta motsi da kuma wasanni kulob mafi daban-daban promotional kayayyakin aiki. Yana iya zama lambobi, rubutu a bango, flyers, da dai sauransu A na kowa yi amfani ne na audio-gani hanyoyin da za a tallafawa tawagar lokacin wasan - koreografy. Suna iya zama a cikin nau'i na wuta-show, flares da tururi cascade kaset, da ka ko bisa ga wani ra'ayi kaddamar daga cikin taron mutane.

More hadaddun koreografii - wata babbar image kafa na flags ko wasu kayayyaki. Suna iya zama ko dai a tsaye ko motsi. Halayen ultras ne ma Scarves, da Rasha-magana sarari - "Wardi" (daga "soket" - kafin kintinkiri furanni pinned ga kirji na kulob din).

View koreografii ne ma Banners ko posters. Su bayanai game da tawagar (ko abokin gaba), game da magoya, da takamaiman 'yan wasa ko functionaries na kwallon kafa. A muhimmanci rawa da style, wit texts.

magoya ma amfani da drumming, Chanting taken kuma singing odes smoothly - matani a cikin goyon bayan tawagar.

Close ultras kungiyoyin mallakar sana'a shagunan, sauran dukiya, tu} awa. Sun zama a matsayin tushen da kudi su shiga a tallafa teams a lokacin ashana, an kai tsaye da hannu a cikin kasuwanci gefe na kasancewar su kwallon kafa clubs. goyi bayan kungiyar a lokacin wannan wasa zai iya kudin dubban daloli.

Mene ne ultras a Rasha

Zama ultras a Rasha asali nufi tafi da jihar inji, wanda aka shibtarsu da mutum saboda wani shiru rayuwa ba tsaya a waje, kada ka yi wani abin da zai ba su yarda, su ci gaba da ra'ayin kansu. Ba kome cewa samar da zaman lafiya da shi ba. Ultras rai manufa ba zai iya zama a kwantar da hankula. Akidar umurci alhakin su kalmomi, ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma ayyuka na kungiyar. Shin wannan zai yiwu a yau Rasha?

Don amsa wannan tambaya, abin da yake cikin ultras a Rasha, shi ne zai yiwu, tun da la'akari da ayyukan da tsari magoya mafi mashahuri kwallon kafa kulake a kasar. Rasha ultras yau - shi ne mai zaman jama'a sabon abu da aka kafa a cikin wani irin goyon bayan tsarin da Turanci clubs. Groups, ko "m", da kulake da ba kawai a Rasha na kasa league, amma teams na biyu league da. Rasha shugabanci ultras shirya a casuals style, haka ma, sau da yawa tsakanin kwallon kafa hooligans karfi ideas na Rasha kishin kasa.

Dokokin Rasha ultras

A Rasha subculture na da code na girmamawa a kare akidar, girmamawa da kuma bukatun da kulob din:

• ba don amfani da wajen a hannun, kawai don su yi yaƙi da su fists.
• yawan husũma, ya zama kamar daidaita;
• doke bedridden.
• yaki ne a inda ba wanda yake zaune yankunan ba tare da shafe bare.
• ba duka "na kamfanin" kasa, "dama".

National alama matsananci Rasha - kasa support teams a gida ashana. Togiya - Moscow hamayya da kuma magoya na "Zenith".

Ultras "Zenith"

Ba kamar magoya na kulob din zuwa wasu Rasha magoya bayan subculture - tawagar goyon baya a kan duk matches, ko a cikin kasa, garinsu ko kuma ko ina a duniya suke gudanar. Ultras "Zenith" bi ka'idojin da Turai hadisai da kuma motsi na wasanni magoya.

A cikin tarihin kulob din ne da hujjojin da wannan sarayya magoya game da wanda za mu iya yin magana da ba yaki terminology. Movement matsananci "Zenith" (SPB) kyau da kuma powerfully nuna cewa Rasha ta subculture ne ba kawai a cikin kalmomi amma kuma a cikin ayyukansu. Tsantseni a Rasha fili wakilci a daya daga cikin wasannin da "Spartacus", inda wani fito na fito ya dauki kimanin 1,000 kwallon kafa hooligans. Har ila yau, m adawa da CSKA. Da darajõji daga cikin ultras aka kullum zuwa matasa.

CSKA magoya

hadin kai ga ultras na CSKA - fiye da kowane abu. A akidar "sojojin" na magoya, "Tribune - mu gida." Kuma dole ne a can domin kuma fahimtar. CSKA magoya bi da manufa na hadin kai na Rasha. "CSKA" shahara ga da cewa a cikin jini 'yan'uwa kada ku jũya. A darajõji daga CSKA Ultras shiga wanda bai Mix m Concepts, yana da wani shugaban a kan kafadu, yana da ikon bayyana da kuma tattauna fushi a wani sojojin ba tare da jama'a hanya zagi.

Fans of "Spartacus"

Da yake jawabi game da ultras Rasha, ba a ma maganar da magoya na "Spartacus." Spartak kwallon kafa magoya karo na farko da kungiyar ta sa rikice Soviet mayakan a wani wasa da "Dnepr" a watan Nuwamba 1972. Army magoya girma da sauri, da farko tsantseni peaked a 1977. A zamanin kwallon kafa hooliganism - daga 1998 zuwa 2001.

Shirya da Turai magoya

A halin yanzu, mafi aiki, m, ɓullo zaton matsananci Ingila, Jamus, Serbia, Italiya, Spain, da wasu sauran ƙasashe. A zamani Turai motsi na kwallon kafa magoya shirya kasa ideas ba kamar yadda ya dace da kuma proyavlyaemy, kamar Rasha ultras. Turai magoya sun samu wadannan ji a cikin 70-80.

A karfi Turai ultras kungiyar a tsaye lamba tare da saman jagorancin FC shafi manufofin na kulob din. Ultras iya zama wani hukunci factor a warware matsalolin da wani player, da sauran muhimman al'amurran da umurta. Tsakanin subculture kungiyoyin da wãsa kulake yawanci yana da wasu kasuwanci dangantaka.

Wadannan kwallon kafa ultras - yana da ba kawai kwallon kafa Fans, magoya wanda gaisuwa ga su teams har zuwa yiwu. Waɗannan su ne mutanen da ga wanda tsari motsi - a hanyarsa ta rayuwa, wata akida. Wadannan matsananci bi da dokoki, ko da abin. External halaye da aiki hali lokacin wasan a cikin ni'imar da tawagar - ba duk abin da yake a buɗi na kwallon kafa subculture. Hakika, da ultras kare da kulob din launuka, amma a kan dukan kulob membobinsu nufin yafi:

• taimaka ci gaban matsananci popularization na motsi.
• zama ko da yaushe da aminci ga kulob din.
• halarci duk ashana na kulob din, ko da farashin tikiti da kuma wuri.
• su gushe ba bayyana goyon baya ga tawagar, duk cikin shakka daga cikin wasa da kuma karshe sakamakon.

Football magoya matsayin m sojojin

A core na akida na ultras ne rashin amincewa. A fan nuna da ra'ayoyin, da bangaskiya, da hakkin ya magana da kuma wanzuwar, duk da 'yan sanda, magoya ko wasu FC management da kuma jihar baki daya. Shi ne bangaskiya-ta'adi, waxanda suke da dan hanya zuwa daidaitawa. A cikin tarihi na ultras da tabbaci cewa da koyarwarsu na iya haifar da take hakkin kullum yarda da dabi'u.

Marsh ultras daban-daban clubs za a iya shirya ba kawai don yada da kuma inganta da ra'ayin wasanni, a cikin goyon bayan kulob din. Active magoya suna da hannu a shirya zanga siyasa fuskantarwa, da haka ya nuna su jama'a matsayi. A baza na m halaye tsakanin kwallon kafa magoya ne bayyananne isasshen a cikin post a yau.