Nikitsky sufi (Pereslavl) adireshin. Archimandrite Dimitry (Hramtsov)

The main janye daga tsohon Rasha gari Pereslavl-Zaleski ya gaske Nikitsky sufi, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin a Rasha. Kafa kafin Tartar mamayewa, da ya halarta da yawa key events a cikin tarihi, da kuma tare da dukan mutanen da ya jimre da wahalhalu na Tartar karkiya, a lokacin Lokaci na matsaloli da kuma Bolshevik wuya sau.

Church a kan lake Pleshcheeva

Game da lokacin da aka kafa Pereslavl Nikitsky sufi, ya kasance fairly m bayanai da alaka da wannan taron a farkon shekarun da suka gabata, abin da ke faruwa bayan baftismar Rus. Daga mai wallafe-wallafen abin tunawa daga cikin XV karni, da ake kira da Littãfi daga Digiri, an san cewa St. Vladimir mika iko a kan Rostov-Suzdal ƙasar wa ɗansa, Boris.

Ya kara ya furta cewa, a cikin 1010 game da wani matashi yarima, tare da Bishop Hilarion, rutin a kan batun asashe kafirci, kafa a kan gaba na Lake Pleshcheeva da dama majami'u. An yi imani da cewa a kusa da daya daga cikinsu, da kuma al'umma da aka halitta, canza a kan lokaci a cikin Nikitsky sufi. Wannan shi ne wani muhimmin mataki wajen kafa addinin Krista a wadannan kasashe.

A farko zuhudu tsarkaka

A tarihi takardun da pre-Mongol lokaci ambaci wata sufi akwai, amma a cikin XV karni da aka yi har na farko da rai na St. Nikity Stolpnika, da zarar naciya jãyayya a nan, da kuma shi fili ya bayyana cewa ya rayu a cikin XII karni, kuma shi ma ya tabbatar da baya Dating na kafuwar sufi.

Bayan mutuwar saint sa masa albarka, ikon tsiwirwirinsu kyautar al'ajiban. An sani, misali, cewa da salla, hau a gaban su da aka warkar da shi, da yawa na tarihi Figures. Daga cikin su wani matashi Chernigov Prince Michael na Chernigov da ɗan Ivan Groznogo Ivan, wanda daga baya aka kashe a cikin zafin fushina da mahaifinta.

Daga cikin mazaunan sufi mu sami babban ascetics, daga baya kafa wasu gidajen lama na Pereslavl. Mafi shahara a cikinsu shi ne mai tsarki Daniel, canonized a fuskar saint. Shi ne mahaliccin na Triniti Danilov sufi.

Da samuwar kayan tushe na sufi

Kafin farkon na XVI karni sufi Nikitsky wuya tsaya kuma daga cikin sauran gidajen ibada, a da dama kunno kai a lokacin da Rostov-Suzdal ƙasar. Ruhbãnãwa haƙĩƙa sunã zauna kawai ga aikinsa, gamsu da kawai suna fadin kudaden shiga yi da su ake bukata a rare kyaututtuka na mahajjata.

Da kudi halin da ake ciki ya inganta kawai a 1515, lokacin da Eustace pereslavlsky Irena, samu ta hanyar da salla kafin kaya daga St. Daniel warkar da cutar, an mika shi ga sufi taskar sizable kyauta. Tare da wannan kudi, da katako, coci, ya keɓe a cikin girmamawa ga mu'ujiza ma'aikacin wanda ya cece shi, ya kuma yi suna janyo hankalin da yawa mahajjata da aka gina.

A 1521, Nikita sufi da aka aikata bountifully Uglich Prince Dmitry Ioannovich, ya ba shi wani kauye, wani ɓangare na da patrimony. Babban sufi bayarwa ya juya ga Grand Prince of Moskovskiy Vasily III - mahaifin Ivana Groznogo. A umurninsa da majalisa ta zauna su da nufin a kan ƙasa na sufi a 1523 da aka daukaka Nikitsky Cathedral.

Makõmarsu karkashin Ivan da Munin

Daga wannan lokaci zo Convent flowering zamani, wanda da dama a kan ganiya lokaci na Ivana Groznogo. Nikitsky sufi (Pereslavl), da mazaunin na wanda Vassian dadin wurin sarki, ya dauki wani muhimmin wuri a tsakanin sauran gidajen lama. Hypochondriac da ko'ina ayan ganin cin amana, da Sarkin yi nufin amfani da iko sufi ganuwar a matsayin kayayyakin oprichnina sansanin soja, idan har bisa wani dalili, ta babban karfi - Alexander Sloboda rasa da aminci.

A yi na sabon Cathedral na Nikitsky

An sani cewa Ivan da iyalinsa sun ziyarci Nikitsky sufi, yin Multi-rana aikin hajji a da shi. M taimako na sarki yana gina a kan umarni da ya kudi sabon ginin na Nikitsky Cathedral, ya maye gurbin tsohon, gina da mahaifinsa more. A tsohon gini ya faru a shi kudancin ɗakin sujada, ya keɓe a cikin girmamawa da yawa girmama saint Nikity Stolpnika. UmurninSa aka kuma gina wata dama sauran wurare ba sauko mana, ko ajiye, amma ya canza ta bayyanar.

A 1564, sarki da kansa ya zo a cikin kauri, keɓewarsa na sabon babban coci da kuma ya ba da m chandelier sanya na tagulla, da na da babban m ado. Bi shi da matarsa Anastasia Romanova, bã kansa ado image na St. Nikity Stolpnika, Muka sanya ta ita hannuwansu. Amma babban kuma mafi kyauta mai tamani na sarki suke da yawa fiefdoms bayar da shi ga sufi da kuma gina wani m abu akai domin ta zama.

A lokacin babban matsaloli

Fitina fara for sufi a lokacin Lokaci na matsaloli. Kamar da yawa gidajen lama Pereslavl ya akai-akai farmaki makiya. A 1609 da 'yan'uwa da taimako na gida mutane gudanar ya gagara a kewaye, da kuma kõre maƙiyi daga ganuwar da sufi, amma bayan shekaru biyu na da Lithuania, jagorancin Lva Sapegi, gudanar ya kama sufi.

Mafi yawa daga cikin mazaunan aka kashe, gidaje wawushe da kuma kone, da kuma ta hanyar mu'ujiza tsira da mazaunin Mishayel, ya zama a wanderer. Don wannan rana, wanda zai iya ganin tsaresu daga waɗanda sau biyu Lithuanian gun, ya dauki bangare a cikin kewaye da sufi a Pereslavl Historical Museum.

Tarurrukan sufi

Restoration of sufi fara nan da nan bayan hawa karaga, sarki na farko na daular Romanov - Mikhail Fedorovich sarki. Ya kuma mahaifinsa sarki Filaret manyan kyaututtuka da aka sanya, da sanya shi yiwuwa a nan da nan za a fara aikin.

A lokacin na gaba sarautar, riga a karkashin Aleksei Mikhailovich, a kan kudi da kuma gudunmawa a 1645 an sake gina ganuwar da kuma hasumiyoyin kewaye sufi. A lokaci guda, da kuma aza Gaske Shelar Church, sun kasance kusan canzawa zuwa yau.

A 1698, Nikita sufi da aka ziyarci by Bitrus I. Bayan zaune a can 'yan kwanaki, da sarki ya zartas da dokar tabbatar da sufi har yanzu mahaifinsa izni ga dama kamun kifi a cikin tafkin Pleshcheeva. A wancan zamani, babu kananan sarauta ni'ima, kamar yadda lake ya arziki a cikin kifi, da kuma nema domin ta m kama kifi isa. By sarautar Petra Velikogo gaskiya gina sufi ɗakin sujada na Chernigov, wanda aka dauke karshe samfurin na zamanin d style a Pereslavl.

daga baya sau

A XVII karni sufi zuwa sha tsanani disturbances bai samu. Ko wuya ga mutane da yawa gidajen qasaita: sarautar Catherine II, aka alama ta secularization (janyewar) na coci asashe, ya tsira gwada unscathed. Yana ci gaba a kan iyakarta da yi. A musamman, da a baya gina Church na Gaske Shelar aka gina ɗakin sujada kuma gina ɗakin sujada a kan al'amudin, a tsaye inda, bisa labari, dare da rana yana addu'a Saint Nikita.

Wannan al'amudin ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar sufi. Ya kuma sarƙoƙi, wanda za'ayi sau daya ga mortification tsarki ascetic, domin ƙarni nuna yadda mafi girma shrine, kuma suka janyo hankalin da yawa mahajjata da sufi, bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da kammala sufi taskar. Akwai wani lokacin da, tare da su, da kuma nuna dutse hula, domin da wannan manufa a matsayin sarƙoƙi, amma a 1735 da Moscow coci hukuma kãma shi.

A karshe tsanani yi da aka za'ayi a farkon na XIX karni, a lokacin da gina a cikin sau Ivana Groznogo ƙofar coci dismantled da kuma a wuri da aka gina da kararrawa hasumiya, wanda za a iya gani a yau.

Shekaru na mulkin kwaminisanci

Farko na XX karni birgima a kusa da sufi da wannan m "ja dabaran" (wani magana A. I. Solzhenitsyna), da kuma cewa dukan tsawon jimrewa Rasha. The sufi da aka rufe da daga ta dukiya da cewa ba zai iya washe, aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga gidan kayan gargajiya. Zuhudu yadi amfani da dama bukatun - daga sauran gidan masana kimiyya da mata kurkuku.

A shekara ta 1933, a gaban tsohon Nikitsky babban coci da wani ra'ayi na maguzawan farfaganda shi ne a fili ƙone iconostasis na XVI karni. The wuta kuma aka kashe su, da kuma wasu m gumaka Nikitsky sufi. Pereslavl, kamar yadda dukan ƙasar na cike da shekaru na manyan sikelin-anti-addini yaƙin neman zaɓe, daga zuba a cikin wani makaho watsi nasu ruhaniya tushe na rayuwa daga cikin mutane.

The dogon hanya zuwa Tarurrukan na sufi

A cikin seventies, a lõkacin da ya karshe da gurãbunsu, kuma Stalin, da kuma Khrushchev ta tsananta na coci, da Cathedral na Nikitsky farko sabuntawan an dauki shekaru da yawa. Kamar yadda aikin ke yi, shi za a iya gani daga gaskiya cewa jim kadan bayan, Agusta 2, 1984, da sosai rana a lokacin da Orthodox Church murna Ilin rana, rushewarta ta tsakiyar cupola. A ta dawo ya dauki wani shekaru goma, kuma a karshe da babban coci da aka bude riga a cikin sau na perestroika.

Daga nan ya fara wani tsanani maido aiki, wanda aka karkashin jagorancin sabuwar nada Archimandrite Demetrios (Aleksey Mihaylovich Hramtsov). Nikitsky sufi, da gaske fuskantar ta biyu haihuwa. Kamata ba kawai ba tsohon bayyanar da gine-gine, amma kuma ya haifa da zane na ciki, kazalika da sake gudu zanen bangon.

Yanzu wadannan ayyuka suna m kammala, da kuma Nikitsky sufi, wanda adireshin ne :. Yaroslavl yankin, Pereslavl, Nikitsky Sloboda str. Zaprudnaya, 20, sake-bude. Kamar yadda a shekarun baya, shi janyo hankalin dubban mahajjata zuwa venerate ta tsarki shafukan, babban abin da - da sauran kaya daga St. Venerable Nikity Stolpnika, da kuma duk wanda mu labarin hanya.