Pisateli- "kauyen": Fodor Aleksandrovich Abramov, Vasiliy Ivanovich Belov, Ivan Ivanovich Akulov. kauyen litattafan

Village litattafan - daya daga cikin trends a Rasha adabi na karni na karshe. Yana da aka haife shi a 50s. Ayyukan da wakilan wannan Trend fiye da shekaru goma nazarin makaranta a Rasha adabi darussa. Mutane da yawa daga cikin labarun da litattafan da marubuta "kauyen" da aka yin fim biyu Soviet da kuma Rasha cinematographers. Creativity daga cikin haske wakilan kauyen litattafan - batu na labarin.

Musamman a yankunan karkara, litattafan

Valentin Ovechkin - daya daga cikin na farko da mawallafa irin su, da kuma bikin a shafukan da ayyukansu na rayuwa na Rasha hinterland. The sosai definition yankunan karkara litattafan zama wallafe-wallafen nan da nan. Membobin kungiyar da mawallafa, wanda yanzu a ke kiran pisatelyami- "kauyen", to wani shugabanci a cikin litattafan na dogon lokaci kasance a cikin shakka. Duk da haka, a kan lokaci da lokaci ya sami da hakkin ya wanzu. Kuma shi ya faru bayan buga Solzhenitsyn ta labarin "Matryona". A karkashin yankunan karkara litattafan to fahimta ba kawai karfe ayyukan sadaukar da kyauye, amma kuma a sa na m da stylistic peculiarities. Abin da suke?

Pisateli- "kauyen" a cikin ayyukansu tãyar da al'amurran da suka shafi na qasa, adana kasa Rasha hadisai. Wadannan marubuta yi magana game da tarihin, da al'adun da kuma halin kirki al'amurran a cikin rayuwar mazaunan larduna. Daya daga cikin haske wakilan kauyen litattafan - F. Abramov.

A cikin kananan, m ayyuka, ya ya iya nuna wani ƙarni, wanda mambobin an san, musamman sha wahala da sakamakon da abubuwan tarihin da na 20-ies karni na karshe, da wahalhalu na postwar lokaci. Amma a kan aikin wannan marubuci za a takaicce aka bayyana a kasa. Kafin daraja ciro jerin marubuta "kauyen".

Wakilai daga kauyen litattafan

A tushen na adabi motsi ya F. Abramov. A daidai da wannan marubuci kuma sa Belov da Valentin Rasputin. Samar da wani theme Rasha kauyen litattafan dã ya kasance ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da ambaton irin ayyukan kamar yadda "sarki-kifi" Astafieva, "Living Water" Krupina kuma, ba shakka, "Matryona" Solzhenitsyn. An muhimmanci taimako ga ci gaban yankunan karkara litattafan sanya Vasily Shukshin. Bright rustic dandano ne ba a cikin shafukan littattafai Vasily Belov. A jerin marubuta suka sadaukar da ayyukansu zuwa mores da kuma hadisai na Rasha kauye, kuma ya hada da N. Cochin, IA Akulov, BA Mozhaev, S. Zalygin.

Pisatelyam- sha'awa a cikin "kauyen" da aka lura a cikin 80-ies. Duk da haka, tare da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet ya zama mashahuri wasu nau'o'i. Yau da littafin Vasily Belov, Fedor Abramov, Valentin Rasputin, da labaru Aleksandra Solzhenitsyna samu wani sabon rai. Suna kullum bugawa a kan su harba alama fina-finan (film "Live kuma tuna" 2008, "Matryona" 2013).

Abramov

Daya daga cikin shahararrun wakilan kauyen litattafan da aka haife shi a Arkhangelsk yankin, kuma amma mafi yawan rayuwarsa a Birnin Leningrad. Abramov da yardar ransa ga gaban a 1941, ya tafi, ta hanyar yaki. Sai da bayan ta kammala iya samun mafi girma ilimi a Faculty of Rasha Philology.

Abramov ya kira sarki kauyen litattafan domin fayyace tare da wanda ya yi kokarin fahimtar da Sanadin bala'i na peasantry, da zamantakewa siffofin na kauye. Roko ga topic Abramov sa kan daidai da mafi muhimmanci Figures a cikin Soviet adabi na sittin da seventies.

Me ya sa haka da yawa 'yan kyauyen aka tilasta barin a cikin 50s gidansa da kuma je birnin? Wannan tambaya Abramov, tare da Shukshin da Rasputin yayi kokarin amsa a cikin ayyukansu, ba da dadewa zama litattafansu na Rasha litattafan. A wannan yanayin, da rabo daga cikin gwarzo, wanda ya bar kauye, ko da yaushe ban tausayi. Abramova style a matsayin style of sauran marubuta kyauye, ba peculiar grotesque hasashe. A mafi muhimmanci aiki a cikin aikin wannan marubuci - labari "yan'uwa maza da mata."

Vasily Belov

Wannan marubuci - a 'yan qasar na kauye Timonikha Vologda yankin. Game da wahalhalu na yankunan karkara rayuwa Belov aka san ganin an. Mahaifinsa ya mutu a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, to, uwa, kazalika da miliyoyin Soviet mata, aka tilasta ta da yara a kan nasu. Su ta kasance biyar. A daya daga cikin ayyukansa, "Sunk shekaru," da marubuci gaya game da rayuwa saboda yan'uwansu - 'yan kyauyen.

Belov shekaru masu yawa ya zauna a Vologda, kusa da kananan mahaifarsa, ya kusantar da abu don wallafe-wallafen kerawa. Fame marubuci ya zo da labarin "The saba da wancan." Kuma shi ne wannan aikin kulla masa lakabi na daya daga cikin wakilan na kauye litattafan. A cikin labarun da litattafan Belova babu kwatsam mãkirci twists, a cikin abin da 'yan abubuwan da kusan babu rikici. Belova amfani - ikon da basira amfani da vernacular, don ƙirƙirar m images of kyauyen.

Valentin Rasputin

A sanannun marubuci da zarar ya bayyana cewa, zance na kauye, don raira waƙa da shi a cikin ayyukansu - ya bi. Ya, kamar sauran marubuta, ake magana a kai a cikin wannan labarin, ya girma a kauyen. Ya sauke karatu daga tarihi-philological baiwa. Bazawa na labarin "The Edge daga sama a kusa da" halarta a karon adabi fara. The daraja kawo "Money for Maria."

A cikin seventies da littafin Rasputina Valentina Grigorevicha dadin babba shahararsa a cikin Soviet kawo dukkan. Cikin shahararrun ayyukan - "Farewell ga iyaye mata," "Live kuma tuna". Sũ ne waɗanda suka yi sa wasu daga cikin mafi kyau litattafan marubuci a zamani Rasha marubuta.

Wasu littattafai na Rasputina Valentina Grigorevicha - tarin, wanda ya hada da labarin "akan ranar ƙarshe", " 'Yata na Ivan, Ivan mahaifiyar", "wuta" da kuma labaru "Kostrovo sabon garuruwa", "Siberia, Siberia." Fiye da sau daya da 'yan fim ya juya zuwa ga aikin wannan marubuci. Bugu da kari to "Live kuma tuna" ya kamata a mai suna da sauran fina-finan sanya a kan ayyukan Rasputin. Wato: "Vasily da Vasilisa", "gamuwa", "Money for Maria", "Rudolph".

Sergei Zalygin

A wakilan kauyen litattafan sau da yawa matsayi da wannan marubucin. Zalygin Sergey Pavlovich shekaru da yawa don aiki a matsayin "New World" edita. Godiya ga shi, har ma da wasu marubuta a cikin marigayi '80s a ci gaba bazawa na Solzhenitsyn ta ayyukansu. Kamar yadda ga halittar Zalygin, da ya halitta irin labarun kamar yadda "Os'kin argish", "a kasar," "Morning jirgin", "Talakawa Mutane."

Ivan Akulov

"Kasyan Ostudny" da kuma "Tsar kifi" - da labarin, na kunshe a cikin jerin mafi muhimmanci ayyukan kauyen litattafan. Su mawallafin - Akulov Ivan Ivanovich - aka haifa a cikin wani baƙauye iyali. A cikin ƙauyen nan gaba marubuci ya rayu har zuwa shekaru tara. Bayan da iyali koma birnin Sverdlovsk. Ivan Akulov wani yaki, aka dakatar a shekarar 1946 tare da daraja na kyaftin. Creative hanya ta fara a cikin 50s. Amma, Oddly isa, sai ya fara rubuta ba game da yaki. A cikin wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu ya sake ƙirƙirarsu images, tuna da yara, - images of talakawa mutanen kauyukan da suke yi mai yawa na wahalhalu, amma ba rasa su ƙarfi da bangaskiya.

Vasily Shukshin

Ya kamata mu ma magana game da cewa marubuci da aka sani da ba kawai wani wakilin na kauye litattafan, amma kuma darektan, screenwriter, yana da wani rare asali iyawa. Vasily Shukshin aka haife shi a Altai yankin. kananan mahaifarsa topic aka aza jan zare a cikin aikinsa. A heroes daga cikin littattafan suna da sabanin da ba za a iya dangana ko dai zuwa korau ko tabbatacce haruffa. Images Shukshina rayuwa, real. Bayan da yaki, nan gaba marubuci, kuma darektan, kazalika da yawa matasa mayar da su cikin babban birnin. Amma hoton na kauye zauna a cikin memory, kuma daga baya ya zo da haske irin ayyukan na gajeren litattafan kamar yadda "yanke", "Uwar ta Zuciya", "Kalina Krasnaya".

"Matryona"

Solzhenitsyn ba za a iya dangana ga wakilan kauyen litattafan. Duk da haka, labarin "Matryona" - daya daga cikin mafi kyau ayyukan da gani da rayuwar mutanen kauyen. A heroine na labarin - wata mace bã tãre da zari, hassada, fushi. Aka gyara na rayuwar ta - soyayya, tausayi, aiki. Kuma wannan hali - ba almarar marubucin. Tare da samfur Matryona Solzhenitsyn hadu a kauyen Miltsevo. A heroine na labarin Solzhenitsyn - jahilci kauye ne, amma ta yi duro da karatu ta da hankali, kamar yadda ya ce Twardowski, babu kasa da Anna Karenina.