Rasha kasida daga cikin karni na 20th. Creativity kasida zamanai 19-20

Babban Rasha marubuci Maxim Gorky ce cewa "a cikin adabi na karni na 19th wanda aka nuna babban hasken dake fitowa daga cikin ruhu, hankali da kuma zuciya mai gaskiya artist." Wannan aka nuna a cikin ayyukan marubuta na 20th karni. Bayan juyin juya halin na 1905, yakin duniya na da yakin basasa, a duniya ya fara zuwa rarrabu kamar. Akwai wani zaman disharmony, da kuma aiki ya koma duk da tsohon daukan kan adabi. A Rasha ta fara zaman kanta falsafa da tunani akwai sabon yayi a art, marubuta da kuma kasida na karni na 20th overestimated dabi'u da kuma watsi da tsofaffin halin kirki.

Mẽne ne, da wallafe-wallafen a kan nuna na karni?

A wuri na classicism a art zo zamani, wanda za a iya raba da dama rassan: symbolism, Acmeism, futurism, imagism. Na ci gaba da bunƙasa, da labarun almara, a cikin abin da ciki duniya wanda aka nuna a cikin daidai da ta zamantakewa halin da ake ciki. gurguzu hakikanci ba da damar zargi da hukumomi, don haka da marubuta a cikin aikinsa na kokarin ba tada al'amurran siyasa. A lokacin da zinariya shekaru na azurfa bi da su m sabon tunani da bambancin batutuwa. kasida daga cikin karni na 20th waqe da aka rubuta a daidai da wasu hanya da kuma style: for Mayakovsky ta rubuce-rubuce ne halin da wani tsãni ne ga Khlebnikov - ya m occasionalisms for Severianin - m rhyme.

Daga Futurism zuwa Socialist hakikanci

A symbolism na mawãƙi mayar da hankali a kan wani alama ce, da ambato, don haka da ma'anar aiki zai iya zama Multi-mai daraja. Babban wakilan sun Zinaida Gippius, Alexander Blok, Dmitry Merezhkovsky. Su ne a akai search na madawwamin akida, yayin da nufin Sufi. A 1910, wani rikicin da symbolism - duk ideas an riga an dismantled, kuma mai karatu ba zai sami wani abu a cikin sabon waqe.

A Futurism gaba daya negate haihuwa hadisai. A translation, ajalin nufin "ma'adanin na nan gaba", da marubuta sun janyo hankalin masu sauraro m, m da kuma tsabta. Poems wannan Trend - Vladimir Mayakovsky da Osip Mandelstam - halin da asali abun da ke ciki da kuma nonce kalmomi (marubucin kalmomi).

Socialist hakikanci ne aiki sa ilimi ma'aikata a cikin ruhu na gurguzanci. Writers Zagayawar da takamaiman halin da ake ciki a cikin al'umma a cikin wani juyin juya hali ci gaba. Poets tsaya fita musamman Marina Tsvetaeva, da kuma na da mawallafa irin - Maxim Gorky, Mikhail Sholokhov, Yevgeny Zamyatin.

Daga acmeism zuwa novokrestyanskoy lyrics

Imagism fito a Rasha a farkon shekaru bayan juyin juya hali. Duk da wannan, Sergey Esenin da Anatoly Mariengof ba kyalli a cikin kerawa na zamantakewa da siyasa ideas. Wakilai na wannan Trend jãyayya da cewa waka ya kamata a dimbin yawa, don haka suka yi ba yawa. A kan metaphors, epithets, da kuma sauran hanyoyi na m magana.

Wakilai novokrestyanskoy lyrics kira ga ayyukansa da jama'a hadisin, muna ganin darajarsa da yankunan karkara rayuwa. Irin wannan shi ne Rasha mawãƙi na karni na 20th Sergey Esenin. Da shayari - tsarkakakkiyar, kuma marubucin ya bayyana a cikin su da yanayi da kuma sauki mutum farin ciki, Magana game da hadisin Aleksandra Pushkina da Mikhail Lermontov. Bayan juyin juya halin na 1917 da aka maye gurbinsu da wani short-rayu ni'ima cizon yatsa.

Kalmar "Acmeism" na nufin "yana da lokaci zuwa Bloom." A kasida daga cikin karni na 20th, Nikolai Gumilev, Anna Akhmatova, Osip Mandelstam da Sergey Gorodetsky a cikin aikinsa baya zuwa da kuma Rasha sun yi maraba da m kallo na rayuwa, tsabta da tunani, sauki da kuma brevity. Su jũna a baya daga matsaloli, m iyo saukar da kogin, cewa ba shi yiwuwa a san unknowable.

Da ilimin falsafa da kuma m richness na Bunin ta shayari

Ivan ya mawãƙi zaune a tsaka-tsaki na biyu dazamani, don haka a cikin ayyukansu nuna wasu abubuwan dangantawa da farko na zamani, duk da haka, ya ci gaba da al'adar Pushkin. A cikin waka "Maraice", ya kawo wa mai karatu da ra'ayin cewa farin ciki ne ba a kayan mallaka, amma a cikin mutum: "Na gani, ji, farin ciki - duk a gare ni." A wasu ayyuka, da lyrical gwarzo damar kansa tunani game da transience na rayuwa, shi ya zama dalilin bakin ciki.

Bunin ke tsunduma a cikin rubutu ayyuka a Rasha da kuma kasashen waje, wadda bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci ya aiko da yawa kasida daga farkon karni na 20th. A Paris, sai ya ji kamar baƙo - "tsuntsu yana da wani gida, da dabba ci wani rami", da ƙasar haihuwarsa, ya rasa. Bunin ne da ceto a cikin gwaninta da ya karbi kyautar Nobel a shekara ta 1933, kuma a Rasha an dauke maƙiyi daga cikin mutane, amma ba su daina bugawa.

Son sha'awa Lyricist, mawãƙi da Kicker

Sergey Yesenin ya Imagist kuma ba ƙirƙirar sababbin sharuddan, da kuma tada matattu kalmomi da kwasfa su a cikin haske poetic images. Daga makaranta, ya zama shahararren rogues kuma dauki shi ta hanyar ingancin dukan ransa, ya mai frequenter na taverns, sanannen soyayya al'amura. Duk da haka, ya kasance passionately m na mahaifarsa: "Zan raira waƙa duk akwai haka na shida daga cikin ƙasar da sunayen Short" Rus "- da yawa kasida daga cikin karni na 20th shared ya sha'awa ga ƙasar haihuwarmu. A falsafa lyrics Esenina bayyana matsalar da samuwar dan'adam a bayan 1917 da mawãƙi disillusioned. juyin juya hali, domin maimakon na dogon-jiran aljanna rayuwa ya zama kamar jahannama.

Dare, titi, fitilar, kantin magunguna ...

Alexander Blok - mafi m Rasha mawãƙi na karni na 20th, wanda ya rubuta a cikin "symbolism". Yana da ban sha'awa lura da yadda daga tarin a cikin tarin ne wani juyin halitta na mace image: daga Beautiful Lady ga m Carmen. Idan a farko ya deifies abu na kaunar sa, shi ne gaskiya ya bai yi kuskure ya yi sũka, daga baya 'yan matan ze shi mafi mundane tãlikai. Ta hanyar da ban mamaki duniyar romanticism, ya sami ma'anar, ta shiga cikin matsaloli na rayuwa, ya amsa cikin waqoqi a kan abubuwan da suka faru na jama'a muhimmancin. A cikin waka "The goma sha biyu," ya ake bayyana ra'ayin cewa juyin juya halin - ba karshen duniya, kuma ta main nufi shi ne halakar da haihuwa da kuma halittar wani sabon duniya. Masu karatu za su tuna da kungiyar a matsayin marubucin na waka "Night, titi, fitilar, kantin magunguna ...", a cikin abin da ya nuna a kan ma'anar rayuwa.

Biyu mata marubuta

Da masana falsafa da kuma kasida na karni na 20th sun kasance mafi yawa maza, da kuma da basira da aka saukar saboda da ake kira Muses. The mata aiki da kansu a ƙarƙashin rinjayar nasu yanayi, da kuma mafi shahararren poetesses Azurfa Age sun Anna Akhmatova kuma Marina Tsvetaeva. Na farko shi ne matar Nikolaya Gumileva, kuma su ƙungiyar da aka haife sanannen tarihi Lev Gumilyov. Anna Akhmatova bai nuna sha'awa a cikin dadi stanzas - ta waqe ba za a iya saita zuwa music, a wajen m magana sun rare. A predominance da rawaya da launin toka a cikin bayanin, da matalauta, kuma tarnish batutuwa bayar da shawarar masu karatu bege da kuma ba da damar ya bayyana da gaskiya yanayi na mawãƙi, tsira da harbi na mijinta.

A rabo Mariny Tsvetaevoy ban tausayi. Ta sauke karatu daga kunar bakin wake, da kuma watanni biyu bayan ta mutuwa, aka harbe ta da mijinta Sergei Efron. Masu karatu ta ko da yaushe tuna da kadan m mace, alaka da yanayin da jini a tsakaninsu. Sau da yawa sosai a cikin ta aikin featured Rowan berries cewa har abada shiga heraldry na ta shayari: "Red goga dutse ash lit sama da fadowa ganye da aka haife ni ..."

A sabon abu waqe Poets zamanai 19-20?

A cikin sabon karni Masters da alƙalami da kalmar amince da sabon siffofin da jigogi na ayyukansa. Zama dacewa, da saƙo na waka zuwa wasu kasida da kuma abokai. Imagist Vadim Shershenevich mamakin aikinsa "maku yabo". Ya ba yana sanya, a cikinta guda alamar rubutun ba ya barin gibba tsakanin kalmomi, amma ya asali ya ta'allaka ne da sauran wurare: neman a rubutu na idanu na Lines a cikin kirtani, da shi za a iya gani a matsayin tsaya fita daga cikin wasu kalmomi, wasu babban birnin kasar haruffa ulla wannan sakon: Valery Bryusov daga marubucin .

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Creativity kasida daga cikin karni na 20th aka karin a asali. Vladimir Mayakovsky kuma tuna domin tun halitta sabon nau'i na ayar - "tsani." A mawãƙi rubuta waqoqi a kowane lokaci, amma ya ce kadan game da soyayya. An yi karatu a matsayin yarda da juna, classic, buga su miliyoyi, da masu sauraro fadi cikin soyayya tare da m da kuma} ir}.