Shugaban kasar Uzbekistan Islam Karimov

A shekara ta 2016, na farko shugaban kasar Uzbekistan Islam Karimov ya mutu. Shekara ashirin da biyar yana budewa dama na Jamhuriyar, da kafa da wuya amincewa da tsarin mulki. By da unprecedented karfafa rinjayar ikon Tsarin, ya bayar da tabbacin domin da kwanciyar hankali a kasar, amma wannan aka tare da danniya na mutum da kuma dominance na jihar a duk duniyoyin da jama'a rayuwa.

A Soviet lokaci

Local farfaganda kiran farko na kasa shugaba, uban 'yancin kai, amma da wani batu, ya kiyaye cikakkar biyayya da Tarayyar Soviet, ya tashi daga wata sauki injiniya zuwa Farko sakataren kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Uzbek Soviet Socialist Jamhuriyar.

Uzbek shugaba Karimov aka haife baya a 1938 a Samarkand. Ya yi karatu a yankin tsakiyar Asiya Polytechnic Institute, sa'an nan suka yi aiki a factory "Tashselmash". Sa'an nan ya aiki ya Chkalov jirgin sama factory inda ya yi aiki a matsayin m.

A shekarar 1966, da haifar da manajan tafi aiki a jihar Planning kwamitin jamhuriyar. Ga Islam Karimov ya fara hawa sama da tsani aiki, kai da post na ministan kudi da kuma shugaban jihar Planning Hukumar. A shekarar 1986 ya aka aiko ya ɓatar da Kashkadarya yankin kamar yadda na farko sakataren yanki kwamitin na kwamitin tsakiya. A nan sai ya kafa kansa a matsayin wani mutum na kwarai sirri mutunci, wanda shi rare a gabashin jamhuriyoyin. Bayan da canja wurin da ainihin shugaban da Uzbek SSR Rafik Nishanova a Moscow, ya zama na farko da sakataren jam'iyyar kwaminis na jamhuriyar.

shugaban farko

Islam Karimov ya nuna kadan aware burin jama'ar da rayayye yaki yawan Uzbekistan da adana Tarayyar Soviet a wani zaben raba gardama a watan Maris shekara ta 1991. Gudanarwa hanya kaya yadda ya kamata, da kuma fiye da 90% na 'yan kasa sun nuna biyayya ga gwamnatin tsakiya.

Duk da haka, bayan da Agusta juyin mulki ƙẽƙashe siyasa gane jigon abin da ya faru da kuma nan da nan ya yi kira a cikin 'yancin kai na Uzbekistan, ba ya zama m ga ikon gaba da fafatawa a gasa. A watan Disamba na shekarar 1991, mutane na Uzbekistan kuma hada baki zabe da jamhuriyar ta ballewa daga Tarayyar Soviet, wanda, duk da haka, da umarnin su rayu tsawon.

A bambanci ga gurguzu kasashen Gabashin Turai, da CIS ikon ya zauna a hannun tsohon ake kira gurguzun, wanda nan da nan ya sāke siyasa fuskantarwa. Musamman m ne misali na Uzbekistan, inda 'yan jam'iyyar kwaminis a cike da karfi koma cikin jam'iyyar PDP, karkashin jagorancin tsohon shugaban farko sakataren Islam Karimov.

Zaben na shugaban kasar na Jamhuriyar Uzbekistan, a 1991 da aka gudanar a madadin akai. Karimov tsayayya Muhammad Salih, da shugaban motsi "Erk". Domin yanzu babi zabe 86% na masu jefa} uri'a, da kuma ya jagoranci kasar.

Musulunci tambaya

Uzbek shugaba Karimov samu a wuya gado ne. Kan bango na Tarurrukan ban sha'awa a cikin addini ya zama mafi m Islamists, wanda mukamai sun musamman karfi a cikin Ferghana Valley. Don kauce wa bude tashin, Karimov ya zuwa da kaina tashi zuwa Namangan da kuma yi shawarwari tare da m shugabannin, bukata mai girma sirri ƙarfin hali.

A dabara dalilai, dole ne ya yi alkawari cikar dukan yanayi na masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi a cikin shekaru masu zuwa, amma sai ya zama da tabbaci kashe irin wadannan maganganu, squeezing extremists wajen kasar.

Tattalin arziki da kuma Uzbek model

Samun diploma na Uzbekistan Institute of National Tattalin Arziki, da shugaban kasar Uzbekistan don gane da kansa mai girma tattalin arziki. Ya ko da ɓullo da wani dukan kasa da tattalin arziki koyi ga kasar, babban arziki da wanda biyar yi koyi da zuciya kowane Uzbek makaranta. Shugaban Uzbekistan rubuta wani littafi da hankali nazarin darussa na nazarin zaman jama'a a cikin makarantu da kuma jami'o'i.

Ba kamar Yeltsin, Karimov bai con- fis su mutane buga far ta gudanar da wata sauka a hankali miƙa mulki ga kasuwar Sin. A kan backdrop na sha musantawa aikata laifi da kuma aika mugunta a Rasha, Ukraine, da jamhuriyar ta mazauna ĩmãni, su kasance sa'a, da kuma shugaban Uzbekistan aiki a kan hanya. Duk da haka, a farkon na biyu dubbai ta, ya zo da real stagnation a cikin tattalin arzikin, makwabtaka da Kazakhstan ya sharply jerked gaba, yayin da yiwuwar aukaka Uzbekistan bai nuna mai aiki ci gaba.

Yau, babban fitarwa ne auduga da sauran kayayyakin gona da albarkatun kasa. Ya zo a funny da kuma bakin ciki. A kasar ne daga saman goma most shigo da iskar gas a duniya, a cikin hunturu da cika fuska rage rarraba iskar gas ga 'yan kasarta, musamman a yankunan karkara, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa a cikin shakka ne gargajiya dumama hanyoyin - yin amfani da itace, dung.

Bayan wani bugun jini, shugaban Uzbekistan, ya rasu 29 ga watan Agusta, 2016. The jana'izar ya faru a kan Satumba 3. Karimov ya gaje shi ne tsohon firaministan kasar Shavkat Mirziyoyev.