Transmissive yanayin na watsa

Mai cututtuka ba kawai ya faru, da kuma daukar kwayar cutar daga tushen zuwa da lafiya mutum. Mun bayar da shawarar da ka familiarize kanka tare da watsa daga cututtuka, kazalika da fahimta a more daki-daki, a vector-haifa cututtuka. Wannan Gaskiya ne, a lokacin da warmer watanni.

Nau'in na kamuwa da cuta watsa

Kamuwa da cuta za a iya daukar kwayar cutar da mutane a cikin wadannan hanyoyi:

1. Alimentary. watsa hanya - da narkewa kamar tsarin. Kamuwa da cuta ne ingested da abinci da ruwa dauke da pathogens (msl, na hanji cututtuka, dysentery, salmonellosis, kwalara).
2. Airborne. watsa hanya - da inhaled iska ko kura dauke da pathogen.
3. Fil. watsa hanya - tushen kamuwa da cuta ko rashin lafiya (misali, wata rashin lafiya mutum). Direct lamba iya kamuwa da jima'i, kazalika da lamba-Baiti, da cewa shi ne a kowa yin amfani da gurbata iyali abubuwa (msl, tawul ko jita-jita).
4. jini:

• Tsaye, a lokacin da mahaifiyar ta rashin lafiya ya wuce ta mahaifa zuwa ga jariri.
• transmissive yanayin na watsa da cutar - da kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jini amfani live vectors (kwari).
• transfussion lokacin da kamuwa da cuta na faruwa ne ta arancinsu bi da kida a cikin hakori ofishin, daban-daban kiwon lafiya cibiyoyin (asibitoci, dakunan gwaje-gwaje, da sauransu), kyakkyawa da gashi na gyaran gashi.

Transmissive yanayin na watsa

Transmissive yanayin na watsa - yana samun kamuwa da jini dauke dauke da kwayar cutar jamiái a cikin jini da lafiya mutum. Ya yi live vectors. Transmissive hanya ya shafi riwayar pathogens via jini-tsotsa kwari:

• kai tsaye tare da wani kwari da cizo.
• bayan trituration tare da fata lalacewa (msl, scratches) kashe kwari vectors.

Ba tare da ta dace magani daga transmissible cututtuka zai iya kai ga mutuwa.

watsa hanyoyin da rarrabuwa vectors transmissible cututtuka

Transmissible cuta hanya ya auku a cikin wadannan hanyoyi:

1. Inoculation - m mutane zama kamuwa a lokacin da su ciji kwari, ta hanyar da mouthparts. Irin wannan canja wuri zai auku fiye da sau daya idan wani m ba ya mutu (misali, kamar yada cutar zazzabin cizon sauro).
2. Samu - a mutum ta wãyi kamu by shafa kwari tumbi a cije ni wuri. Kamuwa za a iya maimaita kamar yadda sau da yawa har sai mutuwa transporter (Misalin cuta - typhus).
3. Specific samu - samu na da lafiya mutum ya auku a lokacin shafa kwari a lalace fata (misali, a lokacin da shi yana mai karce ko wani mĩki). Transfer ya auku sau ɗaya kawai, kamar yadda wani m mutu (Misalin cuta - relapsing zazzabi).

Dako, bi da bi, ya kasu kashi da wadannan iri:

• Musamman, a cikin jiki wanda ake gittar da ci gaban da pathogens da kuma da dama rai, saukarwa.
• Inji, a wanda jiki da pathogens ba ci gaba, amma kawai tara a kan lokaci.

Iri cututtuka waxanda ake daukar kwayar cutar transmissible hanya

M kamuwa da cutar, wanda infects kwari da taimakon:

• relapsing zazzabi.
• Anthrax.
• tularemia.
• da halaka.
• encephalitis.
• mutum immunodeficiency cutar.
• Chagas cuta, ko American trypanosomiasis.
• rawaya zazzabi (a kwayar cuta daga cikin tropics).
• daban-daban iri fevers.
• Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic zazzabi (high yawan mutuwar - daga goma zuwa arba'in bisa dari).
• Dengue zazzabi (hankula ga tropics).
• lymphatic filariasis (halayyar ga tropics).
• kogin makanta, ko onchocerciasis, kuma da yawa wasu cututtuka.

Akwai game da ɗari biyu da iri cututtuka da cewa suna daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar da transmissible.

Specific vectors transmissible cututtuka

Mun aka ambata a sama cewa akwai iri biyu dako. La'akari da waɗanda a cikin kwayoyin ne pathogens ninka ko ci gaban sake zagayowar.

Inji yan dako na transmissible cututtuka

Wadannan kwari aika da da pathogen a cikin nau'i cikin abin da aka samu.

Transfer na mutum immunodeficiency cutar

Number of infecting raka'a ta milliliter na jini na HIV-kamu - har zuwa dubu uku. Shi ne da ɗari uku sau fiye da a cikin seminal ruwa. mutum immunodeficiency cutar da aka yada a cikin wadannan hanyoyi:

• jima'i.
• daga ciki ko shayar da mama ga yaro.
• ta hanyar jini (alura, a lokacin da wani transfussion kamuwa da jini ko dasawa da kyallen takarda da kuma gabobin daga wani Cutar HIV).

Transmissible hanya na yaduwar cutar sida ne kusan ba zai yiwu.

Rigakafin transmissible cututtuka

M matakan hana yaduwar vector-haifa cututtuka:

• disinfestation, watau rodent.
• disinfestation, watau a sa na matakan domin lalata dako.
• wani sa na hanyoyin da za a inganta kiwon lafiya area (misali, ƙasar reclamation).
• da yin amfani da mutum ko na gama wajen kariya da sauro (msl, wristbands impregnated da muhimmanci mai, kwari repellents, sprays, gidan sauro).
• immunization ayyukan;
• ajiye da rashin lafiya da kuma kamuwa da a cikin rigakafi zone.

Manufar m matakan ne don rage yawan yiwu vectors. Kawai wannan zai iya rage samu damar yin kwangila cututtuka irin relapsing zazzabi vshiny, transmissible anthroponoses, da zazzaɓi da leishmaniasis cutaneous phlebotomine birni.

Da har na goyon baya aiki ya dogara ne a kan yawan kamuwa, musamman kamuwa da cuta. Saboda haka, da suka za a iya za'ayi a cikin:

• tituna.
• yankin.
• birni.
• yankin, da kuma kama.

m matakan nasara ya dogara da fayyace na aikin da matakin na dubawa na kamuwa da cuta mayar da hankali. Muna so ku mai kyau kiwon lafiya!