Tsari da kuma rarrabuwa na mosses. A iri-iri na mosses, "Kukushkin flax" gansakuka "Phoenix"

A farkon zo ƙasar, wanda girma a wannan lokaci, ne daidai mosses. Biology yana da wani raba yankin a nazarin wannan kungiya - bryology. The masana kimiyya bayar da shawarar cewa rayuwa ta faro a cikin ruwa. A tsawon lokaci, da algae yi tsiwirwirinsu dabiu cewa taimake su da tsira a fari yanayi. Bugu da ari juyin halitta ya kai ga zargin terrestrial spore-shuke-shuke.

Halayyar tsarin fasali

Yada Moss ne mafi girma shuke-shuke. Sun bayyana da farko shuka kyallen takarda - wani rukuni na musamman Kwayoyin. Wannan shi ne babban da kuma photosynthetic nama. Tun da conductive da kuma inji nama ba ya nan, mosses jiki ne wakilta thallus kamar algae. Duk da haka, shi yana da leafy tsarin. The aiki na abin da aka makala ga substrate da ruwa tsotsa tare da gina jiki kwashe rhizoids. Daga wadannan Tushen ana halin da rashin nama.

Fice wakilan wannan rukuni na tsire-tsire ne gansakuka "Phoenix", "Kukushkin flax", sphagnum marchantia.

rai sake zagayowar

Yada Moss iya haifa asexually da kuma jima'i da iri. Saboda haka, a sarari canzawar ƙarnõni na faruwa a cikin rayuwar sake zagayowar - da jima'i (gametophyte) da kuma asexual (sporophyte).

Gametophyte na mosses ne karamin kara da ganye, wanda ake tasowa sel haihuwar - gametes. A lokacin hadi da kwai hadu da maniyyi. Don yin wannan, daya dole ne ruwa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa ko da yaushe mosses girma a cikin m yankunan da ƙasa. A sakamakon haka ne wani tayi da cewa tasowa a cikin asexual tsara. Sporophyte tsiro a kan gametophyte da kuma wakiltar filamentary bushe kafa tare da wani akwatin. Ciki shi ne rigingimu - sel sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. Sun zuba daga cikin akwatin, da kuma sabuwar kafa sprout leafy gametophyte. Ba shi da wuya a tsammani cewa, a cikin rayuwar sake zagayowar na mosses aka mamaye jima'i tsara. Tun da dukan saba wa, cewa shi ya dubi kamar kore da taushi kafet.

azuzuwan gansakuka

A rarrabuwa na bryophytes dogara ne a kan bambanci a cikin ilimin Halittar Jiki da morphological fasali na tsarin wadannan kwayoyin.

Green gansakuka ne na musamman shuke-shuke. Saboda haka, gansakuka , "Kukushkin flax" shi ne iya zuwa sha ruwa 4 sau da kansa size. Su launi greenish-kasa-kasa, mafi yawa Bishiyoyi masu dogon kwana. Suna girma sosai da sauri, rufe a ci gaba da kore kafet na wani surface - gona, kwalta rufin. The kawai yanayin - akai gaban danshi. Saboda ba tare da ruwa, da waɗannan kwayoyin ba su iya haifa.

Wasu daga cikin su, kamar gansakuka "Phoenix", suna iya rayuwa a cikin ruwa. Wannan kyau shuka samu da sunan saboda kama da wutsiya daga cikin shahararrun mythological tsuntsu Phoenix. Ya shi ne cikakken unpretentious, tsira ko da a wuya ruwa daga duk wani haske tsanani. Tun lokacin da aka shigo da daga Amurka, ganiya ruwa zafin jiki ne ma, ba m da kuma jeri daga 18 zuwa 30 digiri. Moss "Phoenix" yana mai kyau view of kore marmaro, "gudãna" tare da ado akwatin kifaye driftwood.

White ko peat gansakuka da ake mafi sau da yawa samu a swamps. Wakilin na wannan kungiya shi ne sphagnum gansakuka. Yana yana da halayyar tsarin da ganye, wanda ake hada iri biyu Kwayoyin. Tsohon da hankula tsarin da kuma dauke da kore plastids chloroplast gudanar da wani photosynthesis. Na biyu ya fi girma, matattu, bayyananne. Suna located tsakanin chlorophyll Kwayoyin. Bã su da shuka muhimmanci. Mamaye manyan yawa na ruwa, suna iya rike shi na dogon lokaci a cikin cavities, bada rai Kwayoyin, idan ya cancanta. Ina settles sphagnum gansakuka, kasar gona fara juya cikin fadama da sauri.

Meaning of mossy

Bryophyta, tare da sauran kungiyoyin bryophytes ne mai iko tafiyarwa danshi. Su bayyanar shi ne mai tsanani siginar game da farkon na waterlogging. A daya hannun, wannan tsari muhimmanci rage da free yankin na arable ƙasar. A gefe - shi ne sharadin da samuwar peat. Wannan muhimmanci ma'adanai ana amfani da habaka, takin, raw kayan for sinadaran masana'antu. Mutane da yawa membobin wannan kungiya na tsire-tsire ne mai tsananin kyau ado bayyanar. Saboda haka, gansakuka "Phoenix" da ake amfani da su tsara shirin aquariums. Mosses iya saki takamaiman abubuwa - acid. Sun iya halakar da fā, inganta gona samuwar.