Academician Glushko Valentin Petrovich - Chief Designer na roka tsarin: biography, iyali, girmama memory

A mafi muhimmanci da kuma shahararrun samar da makamai masu linzami da na Tarayyar Soviet ya zo wurin rayuwa tare da general zanen, wanda sunan tsaye a tarihi, tare da mafi muhimmanci ga kasar. Yana Academician Glushko, wanda Ya halitta dama, iko jet injuna. Valentin Petrovich, duk da ya da yawa ayukan hutu, babban abu a ransa a tsare a matsayin wani yaro.

farko

Haife gaba Academician Glushko a Odessa a 1908, da kuma a 1924 ya sauke karatu daga sana'a makaranta "Metal" Trotsky da sunan. A sha biyar, ya riga ya kasance a cikin wani aiki, wanda dade shekaru takwas, rubutu da Tsiolkovsky kansa, wanda aka aiko zuwa ga yaron dukan sabon ayyukansu. Wannan m saurayi har yanzu nisa daga shekaru riga aka buga articles game da nazarin sararin samaniya da kuma farincikin rubuta wani littafi dangane da matsalolin da na amfani da taurari. A twenties na karni na ashirin, a lokacin da jirgin sama da kuma a mafi yawan mutane ba su gani! Kuma a cikin shekara ta 1925, matasa Glushko tafi Birnin Leningrad, ya yi nazarin akwai a jami'a, ga ilimi shi ya zama dole domin ganin na duk mafarki.

Complex nazarin kimiyyar lissafi da kuma ilmin lissafi baiwa! Haka kuma kasar da wuya lokaci - dawo da m devastation. Amma nan gaba Academician Glushko ba ta koka game da rashin kudi, ya kasance ba dalibi motoci unloaded, kuma aka tsunduma a kimiyya aiki. Yunwar, sanyi, da kuma sauran rashi da wannan bango cewa dami shi kadan. Kuma lalle shi haƙĩƙa biya kashe: a shekara ta 1933, Glushko Valentin Petrovich ya zama shugaban sashen na roka bincike institute, da kuma wani bayan shekaru uku - manyan zanen na jet injuna.

Away daga prying idanu

Tun 1933 ruwa jiragen sama halitta da wani m zanen, girma da yawan gyare-gyare. Sa'an nan da aka haife ni da sanannen OPM-65 engine, wanda aka shirya da za a shigar a kan aerotorpedy kamar jirgin sama da makamai, kazalika da samfur na zamani da makamai masu linzami - da kuma roka jirage. A shekara ta 1938, nan gaba Academician Glushko an kiyasta a ta gaskiya da daraja.

Ya boye, la'ane "for ɓarna da gangan," kamar yadda duk manyan injiniyoyi da kuma zanen kaya na kasar. Hukunta wa shekaru takwas a cikin sansanonin da kuma aika "a sharashka" cewa shi ne rufaffiyar CB za su gudanar da bincike kuma. Da farko, a cikin Tushino a kan jirgin sama shuka № 82, a cikinsa Valentin Petrovich aka tsara roka launchers saka a jiragen sama. A gaskiya roka kimiyya, a cikin tsarki tsari, an ba tukuna gani a matsayin mai amfani abu, amma nan da nan duk abin da ya canja.

kafin nasara

Glushko Valentin Petrovich aka saki a 1944. Ya nan da nan ya dauki lura da gogaggen, ko, mafi alhẽri ya ce - na musamman zane hukumar a Kazan, inda musamman Motors aka ɓullo. A shekarar 1946, ya kasance daga waɗanda suka yi binciken a Jamus, da Jamusanci ci gaba a cikin makami mai linzami yankin.

Dawo daga can tare da sabon tunani, Glushko an aiki a cikin canja OKB-456 a cikin jirgin sama ma'aikata a Khimki, inda a 1948 akwai na farko na RD-100 engine ga roka, sa'an nan kuma da a dubun of su ga wani iri-iri na tashi abubuwa. Glushko Valentin Petrovich, wanda biography ne gaba ɗaya Associated da jet injuna, shi to, ya zama na undisputed shugaban a cikin halittar.

yabo

A shekarar 1974 ya fara aiki sosai sabon shiri, karkashin jagorancin Academician Glushko, - "Energia", wanda ya hada da OKB-456 OKB-1. Janar Designer juyawa Hakika wakkala a gare shi da kamfanin da cika fuska. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa duk da Rasha sarari shirin, ciki har da zamani, wannan mutum da aka zamar masa dole ya kusan kowa da kowa. Shi ya tsara da kumbon sama jannati injuna "Gabas" - daga farko jirgin cikin sarari kafin kafa tashar a falaki. Ba tare da shi, mu sarari nasarori dã ya kasance quite daban-daban. Zai yiwu su ba ya zama a duk.

Don haka an kafa a Odessa abin tunawa daga Valentin Glushko, a kan wani kyakkyawan Avenue, kuma ake kira da sunan "top-m" mutum. Kuma a kan Cosmonauts lungu ma yana da wani abin tunawa a Moscow. Duk da haka, ya bayar da gudunmawar da fatherland ba za a iya overemphasized. Valentin Petrovich Glushko - Hero of Socialist Labor (sau biyu), ya na da biyar oda na Lenin da kuma Red Banner of Labour da kuma Oktoba juyin juya halin, da yawa lambar yabo. Shĩ ne da lashe Lenin da kuma jihar Kyautukan da Tarayyar Soviet.

Korolev

More OKB-1 da wani bajimi zanen aiki mai girma da kwararru, wanda ya samu a cikin ofishin a kan nasu (tunanin yadda wannan prized fursuna, wanda damar cewa). Wannan almara mutane: Umansky, Zheltukhin, Sheet, nada, Strakhovich, Zhiritsky da yawa wasu. A shekarar 1942, a request na Cif Designer Glushko riga a Kazan ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga mafi almara mutum, wanda ya yi nasara da sarari.

Glushko Valentin Petrovich da Korolev Sergey Pavlovich a hade ci gaba da mafi soja kayan aiki, wanda ya kawo nasara kasar. Roka injuna da aka shigar a kan Pe-2, da kuma nan da nan sama da gudu ya 180 km awa. An gwada tare da Yak-3, La-7, Su-7. rates na ci gaban da aka m - har zuwa ɗari biyu kilomita awa. Saboda haka, yin amfani da wani ruwa jet engine ya canza sosai rabo mai linzami da fasaha.

Hulda da hukumomin

Stalin gaba da " 'yanci" Glushko da kuma cire wani tofin Allah tsine a shekarar 1944. Amma a cikin zane rayuwa na wannan hukunci bai canza kusan kome. Ya aka yaushe, ko da jirãge, shi ne wani mutum daga cikin classified da kewaye daga cikin sauran babbar katanga na m aikin da ake bukata da kuma kasar da cewa bukatar da zuciya da rai. Amma Glushko yadda ya kamata amfani da wannan Stalinist karimcin. Ya mika shugaba jerin talatin mutanen da suka ma saki farkon da kuma barin for aiki a cikin KB. Kuma haka ya faru. Mafi yawan waɗannan mutane sun jefa su da yawa tare da Glushko har abada.

Kuma tun a shekarar 1945, na karshe wadai shekaru da yawa mutane ya zama shugaban sashen a Kazan sufurin jiragen sama Institute, inda ya yi aiki a kan jet injuna da kuma shirya cancantar mataimakansa ga kansa da kuma 'hukumar. More sha'awa, jiya Allah wadai da roka karatu a Jamus "for ɓarna da gangan" da rabi shekaru (1945-1947 shekaru), kasancewa a kan wani kasuwanci tafiya. Trophies - Jamus roka kimiyya - da zanen, ba shakka, sun burge. Amma kuma game da dangantakar da ke tsakanin ikon da m contingent wannan yanayin ma, na ce yawa. Tare da Stalin a Glushko da hudu dogon zaman taron, wanda ya tattauna kan m roka. The shugaban tambayoyin da kaifin baki, fasaha, m.

sarari

A 1953 Glushko aka zabe ta a Academy of Sciences, wani m memba, kuma a shekarar 1957, ba tare da kare mai rubutun HAC bayar da shi digiri na uku. Yana da lokaci don sanya 'ya'yansu ta mafarkai. Valentin Petrovich ɓullo da wani m shirin na manned orbital tashoshin, ko da Lunar ƙauyuka, da haske hannunka bayyana reusable kumbon sama jannati. Ya tsanani yi aiki a kan ci gaban Venus kuma Mars, shirya flights zuwa asteroids.

Kuma da yawa daga cikin mafarki, pronesonnyh ta hanyar dukan rai aiwatuwa. Da ƙaddamar da farko da tauraron dan adam zuwa kewayewa da duniyar da ya tura kasar da m ci gaba da roka. Sako zuwa duniya ta fara tallafawa orbital tashar "Mir", "Ku gai da" by manned kumbon sama jannati "Soyuz" da kuma sufuri jiragen ruwa "Ci gaba", wanda ake ci gaba da Valentin Petrovich Glushko. Amma mutane da yawa sun ba da aka cika ya zuwa yanzu.

watã

Glushko jagoranci da ci gaba da Lunar tashar, wanda zai zama kullum akwai mutane. Baƙin ciki aiki "saman m" ba zai ba da damar jama'a su karfafa wannan ra'ayi, sabili da haka, a lokacin da bayan m gabatar da na H-1 Lunar shirin da aka rufe, babu wanda zai yi baƙin ciki amma sarki zanen. Kuma ko da duk abin da mai girma cewa shi ya faru, ba zai iya yi masa ta'aziyya har karshen. Kuma shi ta auku? Fiye da hamsin gyare-gyare ruwa injuna, wanda yanzu ana amfani da goma sha bakwai model na sararin samaniya da kuma soja makamai masu linzami. A karkashin ya jagoranci da injuna roka kaddamar atomatik tashar zuwa Mars, Venus da Moon, suna kuma shigar a kan manned kumbon sama jannati "Soyuz" da "Gabas", da kuma yadda yawa wucin gadi watã da tauraron dan adam ya sa a cikin sarari guda tare da su taimako!

A kumbon sama jannati "Buran", ɓullo karkashin jagorancin Glushko, da sararin saukin dauka jirgin siffofi da latest zafi-tsare kayan, daga kwamfuta lissafin cikin dubun dubbai na zane, da kuma tare da engine, mafi iko a yau - RD-170, Glushko yaro, ba na baya, da kuma a cikin da yawa hanyoyi m zuwa har ma da "Jigila"! The na'urar ne da gaske impeccable! Amma ... ba Bloom apple itatuwa a duniyar Mars, ba a kan watã tracks mu waƙoƙi. Kada ka yi jira Valentine Petrovich. A shekarar 1989, ya mutu, kuma sunansa International astronomical Union mai suna a bakin dutse a kan bayyane gefe na Moon. Watakila kawai da daya da kuma vlok da dare don ta wannan mai girma da kuma aiki mafarkin.

mata

Mata ne ma sosai m Glushko Valentin Petrovich. Iyali sai ya kasance da nisa daga kadai, duk da "halin asiri", dogon stints a "sharashkas" ba na mutum ba, kuma aikin yi. A karo na farko ya yi aure a goma sha tara, yayin da wani dalibi a Jami'ar Birnin Leningrad. Da motoci ya kasance ba unloaded, amma idan yana da matukar jin yunwa, kadan moonlighting gyara na Apartments, inda ya gano tsohon Odessa yarinya Susanna Georgievskaya, a nan gaba marubuci. Abin da ya faru tsakanin ma'aurata, ya sa suka saki, ya kasance wani asiri. Amma da yanayi ne mai ban mamaki. Valentin aka ji rauni da wani firearm. Ce cewa dalilin - m handling. Bi ta a kashe aure.

Akwai wani sabon mace aure da ya yi ba - Tamara Sarkisov. Duk da haka, 'yar Eugene da lokaci da za a haifa. Kama Glushko Tamara ya tsorata, kuma ya barranta da duk dangantakar. Saboda haka, a lokacin da damar tashi, Glushko shi bai dawo - ba sauki. A Jamus, ya yi wani malami wanda aka kira Magda da yara da aka haife - Yuri da Elena. Sa'an nan, ya dole ne ya kasance wani abu dabam, game da abin da tarihin ne shiru. Glushko mutumin da aka musamman ban sha'awa da kuma sama-sama ne, da kuma baiwa Halo sama da shi haskaka unbearably. Amma a shekarar 1959, lokacin da zanen hamsin-daya a cikin rayuwarsa bayyana Lydia Naryshkin, wata yarinya da goma sha takwas, wanda ya yi aiki a cikin CB "Energomash" a Khimki, da wanda ya rayu sauran shekara ashirin da takwas, ya kawo har da kyau ɗa.