Arthropod dabbobi tare da hadin fasali na jiki: description, halaye

Game da biyu daga kashi uku ɗin jinsunan a duniya ne arthropod. Suna zaune a sabo ne da kuma gishiri ruwa, karkashin kasa da kuma a kan bãyan tẽkun, da kuma masu yawa daga cikinsu iya motsawa ta cikin iska. Abin da characterizes arthropod? Misalai na dabbobi, da bayanin da fasali na tsarin za ka sami wannan labarin.

Wane ne arthropod?

Arthropod - daya daga cikin mafi yawa kuma bambancin kungiyoyin a cikin dabba mulkin. Wannan ya hada game da miliyan biyu da jinsunan. Adadin su na karuwa ne a kowace shekara saboda da gano sabon nau'in.

A arthropod jerin hada da crustaceans, arachnids, kwari da kuma centipedes. Sun zauna duk yanayin bangarori na duniya, daga zafi tropics, har zuwa yankuna na Arctic da Antarctic. Wakilai na wannan kungiyar rayuwa a cikin hamadar, gandun daji, swamps, tafkunan da al'amarin. Wasu daga cikin su ji dadi, kuma a cikin gidajen mutane.

Tun arthropod rayuwa a cikin kusan dukkan muhallai da yankuna na duniya tamu, su bayyanar da karbuwa ga muhalli yanayi ne sosai daban-daban. Da girmansu Range daga millimeters to mitoci da dama. Hanyar abinci ma dabam ƙwarai. Wasu jinsunan ne na musamman predatory, da sauransu, a maimakon haka, herbivorous. Suna iya zama parasites necrophagia (scavengers) ko filtrates.

Mene ne kowa daga arthropod?

Su ne don haka daban-daban cewa TAMBAYAR: me ya sa ake kuma sun tukka a cikin wannan kungiya? A gaskiya ma, arthropod kuma dabbobi suna a cikin na kowa. Jikinsu kuma wata gabar jiki suna segmented kuma ya kasu kashi sassan (Tagme), ko segments. Me ya sa sunan da.

A da yawa jinsunan da kai, kuma da dama sassan an garwaya a cikin daya, forming cephalothorax. A wata gabar jiki mika daga cikin ƙananan gefe na ciki ko cephalothorax. Su numfashi huhu, trachea ko gills. Sistem sakulasan ne sistem ba rufaffiyar da yake shiga a cikin jiki kogo. Su haifa kwanciya qwai, ko caviar. Larvae ayan bambanta da na manya.

Arthropod - dabbobi da hadin fasali. Azahiri, dama da hagu halves jikinsu duba guda. Dukan su da wani waje kwarangwal. Yana da wani bakin ciki amma da karfi cuticle na chitin. Ya ba mai shimfiɗa, don haka tare da girman dabba resets shi zuwa girma da wani sabon daya. Wannan ake kira moult.

millipedes

Zai yiwu daya daga cikin mafi m ga mutum dabbar arthropod kungiyoyin - centipedes. Wadannan sun hada da daban-daban iri centipedes, kowa flycatcher, drupes, millipede, da sauransu. D. A general, su ne kananan (har zuwa 10 cm), amma wasu irin girma zuwa 35 santimita a tsawon.

Kuma sunan ya cika barata, domin a millipedes wani lokacin har zuwa ɗari biyu nau'i-nau'i daga wata gabar jiki. Sun fi son damp wurare da kuma rayuwa a cikin gandun daji a karkashin haushi bishiyoyi, ƙõramu da gansakuka, duwatsu kuma auku rassan, amma zai iya rayuwa a bushe, m yankunan. Jawo hankalin su da kuma dakunan wanka Apartments.

A lokacin da rana da dabbobi suna boye a cikin nooks da dare fita zuwa farauta. Millipedes - da yara. Sun ci kwari, kyankyasai, gizo-gizo, fleas da sauran kananan dabbobi. A gabansa hadari, suna rushe a zobe, da kuma a kan mayar da gland asirce mai guba ko m ga abokan adawar abubuwa: aidin, quinone da hydrocyanic acid. Ga mutane da dabbobin gida su dafin ba m, idan ba rashin lafiyan, shi ne kawai wani kadan redness da ya rage daga cizo.

Arachnids

Arachnids aji rufe ba kawai gizo-gizo, amma kuma ticks solpug, kunamai, zhgutikonogov, pseudoscorpions da t. D. Mafi yawa daga cikin Membobinta rayuwa a kan ƙasa, ko da yake wasu jinsunan gizo-gizo da kuma mites rayuwa a jikin ruwa. Su ne na kowa a duk yankuna na duniya, fãce Antarctica. Kunamai zauna da yankin tare da dumi ko zafi sauyin yanayi. Wasu gizo-gizo da kuma mites rayuwa ko da a iyakacin duniya da kuma subpolar yankuna.

A size gizogizo isa daruruwan microns (wasu mites) zuwa 20-30 santimita (kunamai, solpugi, tarantulas). Jikinsu ne zuwa kashi cephalothorax da ciki. Suna halin gaban nogoschupalets (pedipal), baka jaws (chelicerae) da hudu nau'i-nau'i daga kafafu.

A kunamai na biyu sashe na jiki ne elongated kuma yayi kama da jela. A ƙarshen "wutsiya" ne karamin sashi na allura. Emits guba abubuwa. Su pedipaly kara girman da kuma taka rawa na fika kama ganima.

Just tsalle gizo-gizo, da kuma wasu iri mites ciyar a kan shuke-shuke. Sauran gizo-gizo - da yara. Sun ci kwari da kuma kananan dabbobi. Wasu kama da ganima, stalking ta, wasu gina tarkuna a cikin wani nau'i na yanar gizo.

Sun kamu da inna da cizo aka azabtar, don haka kusan duk masu guba. Ba duk poisons ne da karfi isa ya shafi mutane. Hadari ne cizon baki gwauraye, argiop, tarantulas, gizo-gizo shida-yashi.

kwari

Kwari - mafi yawa aji na arthropod, dabbobi da hadin jiki fasali. Bude fiye da miliyan daya jinsin. Wannan shi ne duk wani nau'i na beetles da malam, kwari, tururuwa, wanda tururuwai suka gina, kyankyasai, kwari, fara ne kawai, kuma saboda haka a ranar. D.

Babban alama na da yawa kwari kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da sauran arthropod dabbobi ne ikon tashi. Dragonflies da wasu kwari gudãnar up to 15 mita biyu. Wadanda kwari da fuka-fuki ba gudu a kusa ko tsalle tafi (fleas, fara ne kawai).

Suna zaune a mabanbanta muhallin, ko da a cikin ruwa. Wasu rayuwa a can duk rayuwarsa (ruwa beetles, whirligig beetles, kwari, ruwa striders), wasu - kawai wani lokaci a cikin ci gaban (dragonflies, caddisflies, pennywort). Sãsanninsu nã an modified don ba da damar dabba da yardar kaina slide tare da surface na ruwa.

Kwari rayuwa singly ko a kungiyoyin. Suka ciyar a kan duka biyu shuka da dabbobi abinci, matattu kwayoyin da dabba sharar gida ya zauna. A search na abinci za a iya shawo kan daruruwan kilomita per day (fari).

Social kwari za a iya hade a fi girma kungiyoyin, a cikin abin da aiki a sarari matsayi da rabo daga aikinsu. Alal misali, rayuwa tururuwa, ƙudan zuma, wanda tururuwai suka gina, ƙudan zuma.

crustaceans

crustaceans Group maida hankali ne akan fiye da 70 000 jinsunan, daga cikinsu akwai crayfish, crabs, shrimps, lobsters da sauran dabbobi. Mafi yawansu ba su zauna sabo da gishiri da ruwa. Woodlice da kuma wasu crabs fi son m yankunan ƙasar.

All crustaceans da nau'i-nau'i biyu na antennae (eriya kuma antennule) da kuma hannuwansu a kan bifurcated iyakar. Su numfashi yawanci gills. Ga wasu wakilan da gas musayar faruwa a fadin surface na jiki. Barnacles da tẽku acorns ne immobile salon, ana haɗe da duwatsu, duwatsu da kuma sauran saman.

By yanayin da iko, da yawa crustaceans - filtrates. Sun ci kananan kwayoyin, kamar plankton, detritus. Bugu da kari, cin mushe, share tafkunan. Shellfish da kansu su ne abinci ga kifi da kuma na cikin ruwa dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Man kuma yana amfani da su bã su abinci. A kasashen ayi a kusa da teku, Shellfish dauka a babban rabo na da sana'ar kamun kifaye. A barnacle an dauki daya daga cikin mafi tsada delicacies a duniya.