Lafiya, Cututtuka da Yanayi
Bayyana mawuyacin hali na tsofaffin yara da yara, jiyya
A duniya akwai da yawa daga cututtuka. Tsokane su ci gaba ne kamar yadda kwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Domin nasara magani yana da muhimmanci a san ba kawai pathogen, amma kuma yadda za mu iya jimre da shi. Tare da daya daga wadannan cututtuka, za mu gabatar muku da kara da kuma bincika abin da yake dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis (bayyanar cututtuka, magani) da kuma yadda shi tasowa a manya da yara.
Mene ne dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis
Haka kuma cutar da wannan sunan da aka sani tun 1885, lokacin da ya bayyana NF Filatov. Na biyu sunan wannan cuta - idiopathic lymphadenitis, kuma Yanã da shi zuwa Epstein-Barr cutar.
Kamuwa mononucleosis cututtuka wanda muka yi la'akari da kara, abu zuwa wani karuwa a cikin baƙin ciki da kuma hanta, da kuma muhimmanci musanya abun da ke ciki na jini.
KSAT, da ake kira da cutar za a iya dangana ga iyali na herpes ƙwayoyin cuta, amma ya aikata da daya rarrabe - a kan aiwatar da sabon ci gaba bai kai ga mutuwa da rundunar cell, da kuma, a maimakon haka, stimulates da girma.
Da zarar cutar shiga jiki, shi zai fara zuwa hit epithelial nama a cikin baka rami da nasopharynx. Yana da quite wuya ya lashe, kuma shi ya zauna a cikin jiki ne kusan a rayuwa. Kuma a sau da rauni rigakafi, da cutar, da rashin alheri, za a ji.
Next za mu dubi a cikin daki-daki, wani hade da bayyanar cututtuka halayyar dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis.
A Sanadin cutar a manya
Kafin la'akari dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis a manya - bayyanar cututtuka da cutar - bukatar gano yadda da kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, shi ne tushen wata rashin lafiya mutum ko da wani m da cutar.
Contact tare da karshen a cikin jiki faruwa ta hanyar iska ko sirri kula kayayyakin da kayayyakinsa, da suke yau droplets. A yau da cutar za a iya kiyaye kusan a ko'ina cikin rashin lafiya - a cikin shiryawa zamani, a lokacin da tsawo na cuta, kuma ko da bayan dawo da.
Akwai ka'idar cewa kamuwa da cuta na iya faruwa a lokacin jima'i, amma ga kwanan wata ba a tabbatar.
Yana da ban sha'awa cewa mafi yawan mononucleosis cutar rinjayar matasa da kuma yara, kuma bayan shekaru 40, da cuta ne sosai rare.
A Sanadin cutar a yara
Abin baƙin ciki, ya fi na kowa manufa domin shan kashi da cutar ne yara a karkashin shekaru 10. A yaro a wannan shekaru ne yawanci a cikin yara na gama, ko kindergarten ko makaranta, sabili da haka, yana yiwuwa ya karba kamuwa da cuta Airborne.
A cutar ba sosai a barga, don haka da na waje yanayi da aka kashe azumi isa. Samu na iya faruwa ne kawai a kusa lamba, sabili da haka an ɓarna, m ba za a iya classified.
Shi ne mafi kyau ga jin da Epstein-Barr virus a cikin salivary gland, don haka shi ne daukar kwayar cutar mafi sau da yawa:
- sneezing ko tari.
- a sumba.
- idan ka yi amfani da wannan kayayyakinsa, toothbrushes ko toys cewa yara sukan jã su a cikin bakinka.
Af, zai yiwu samu a lokacin jini, idan shi ya kamu da cutar.
Tun da kamuwa da cuta yana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar iska da droplets na yau, shi ƙaruwa da hadarin kamuwa da cuta zuwa fashewa colds a lokacin da yake kewaye da tari da kuma sneezing.
Bayyanar cututtuka na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis a cikin yaro ba zai zama nan da nan na fili, a matsayin cuta yana da wani shiryawa zamani. Yana yana daga 5 zuwa 15 days, a wasu lokuta na iya wuce har zuwa wata daya ko haka.
Bayyanuwar da cuta a cikin manya
Kamuwa mononucleosis a manya da cututtuka fara nuna bayan da cutar daga hanci kogo ko da gastrointestinal fili a cikin jini rafi da kuma gabatar a cikin Kwayoyin, inda ya zama kusan m mazaunin. Bayan da ya faru na sharadi gwargwado ga rashin lafiya bai sa dogon jira domin su bayyana.
A mafi halayyar bayyanar cututtuka na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis ne:
- janar rauni.
- tsoka zafi.
- ciwon kai.
- zai yiwu tashin zuciya.
- jin sanyi.
- asarar ci.
Bayan 'yan kwanaki (da kuma wani lokacin makonni) bayan na farko da ãyõyin haƙuri sassaukar da mafi asali bayyanar cututtuka na mononucleosis:
- An karuwa a yawan zafin jiki. Kusan 85-90% na Manuniya ne quite high, amma a wasu ba su wuce 38 digiri. A lokacin da zazzabi, kamar yadda mai mulkin, babu wani karfi jin sanyi ko sweating.
- Kumbura Lymph nodes. A mataki na farko da hannu nodes a cikin wuyansa, sa'an nan - located karkashin armpits kuma a cikin makwancin gwaiwa. Lymph nodes iya zama da girman da fis to irin goro a kan matsa lamba ji soreness, karkashin fata, suka motsa yardar kaina dangi zuwa nama.
- Ciwon makogwaro da kuma mai nauyi hari a kan tonsils.
Bugu da kari, waɗannan mafi hankula bayyanar cututtuka na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis ne sauran cututtuka da za su iya faruwa a daya kuma lokaci guda, da kuma iya canza juna:
- A lokacin da ci gaban da cutar cutar sa kara girma na hanta da saifa. Adadin girman wadannan gabobin isa 6-10 rana. Wannan tsari na iya a tare da yellowness na fata, ko sclera idanu. A hatsari na wannan lokaci shi ne gaskiya cewa ko da qananan raunin da zai iya kai ga katsewa na jiki, musamman da baƙin ciki.
- Bugu da kari, wani kurji a kan fata (ko da yake shi ne ba da babban alama na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis). Yana iya kama wani kurji na mulufi zazzabi. Ya ce nuni iya bayyana a kowane lokaci da cutar da kuma yadda zato ba tsammani bace.
Yanzu ka san da rakiyar bayyanar cututtuka na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis.
Analysis na jini sigogi wanda dole ne a ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi, yawanci yana nuna bayyanar da wani jini leukocyte, mononuclear Kwayoyin wanda ake kira atypical. Da abun ciki a cikin jinin ya kai 10%.
Duk da cutar yakan auku a cikin makonni biyu, amma wani lokacin shi iya yi jinkiri da kuma ga wata biyu. Bayan haka, a dawo da ya auku, ko fara bayyana rikitarwa. Cikin dukanin magani, da ganewar asali dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis bayyanar cututtuka, mai jini gwajin, fihirisa na general yanayin jiki na haƙuri ya kamata a kula matsayin gwani.
Buɗi na cuta a cikin yara
A halin yanzu kama wani cutar sauki idan kullum za a kewaye da mutane. Idan wani jariri ne a lamba tare da haƙuri mononucleosis, sa'an nan a cikin na gaba 2-3 watanni, cutar za a iya bayyana kansu. Alamun na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis a wani yaro ya iya ko ba faruwa, idan na rigakafi da tsarin ke da isasshen ƙarfi.
Idan iyaye lura cewa akwai wani zazzabi, da yaro lethargic da kullum yake so ya zauna ko kwanta, ya kamata ka ganin likita. A cewar bayyana dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis (cututtuka a yara) Komorowski, shi zai iya bayyana kanta a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban, amma ko da yaushe kumbura Lymph nodes. Saboda haka, jariri a farkon wuri zuwa ji daga cikin wuyansa, kuma a cikin makwancin gwaiwa.
Popular sau da yawa dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis fara da general catarrhal cututtuka cewa iyaye dangana ga kowa sanyi. Amma sannu a hankali da yaro ta yanayin worsens:
- ya karu yanayin jiki.
- Ya sanya harsãshin hanci.
- Yana bayyana scratchy da ciwon makogwaro.
Af, a cikin ganewar asali na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis cututtuka (photos na maganganu, za ka iya gani a cikin labarin) ne mafi sau da yawa shafi kara girman tonsils da redness.
Wasu toddlers cutar tasowa cikin sauri. Wannan yana bayyana:
- dogon high zazzabi.
- jin sanyi.
- janar rauni.
- sleepiness.
- sweating.
Alama dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis, wanda za a iya kira da culmination cuta - a granularity a baya na makogwaro, da ake kira follicular hyperplasia.
Bugu da kari, a cikin yara, kamar yadda a cikin manya, kara kayan ciki - da baƙin ciki, kuma hanta. Saboda haka da yawa don haka da cewa, misali, da baƙin ciki ba tashi, kuma akwai ta fasa. Kuma qara Lymph uzloy kuma akwai wani kurji a jiki. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne da karfi isa kuma za a iya located ba kawai a kan hannuwana da ƙafafuna, amma kuma da baya, ciki da fuska. Yawancin lokaci da kurji ba tsĩrar da tashin hankali ba tare da itching, don haka babu kula da matakan ba bukatar ka yi tare da su. Idan rash fara ƙaiƙayi bayan shan maganin rigakafi, shi ne wani rashin lafiyan dauki ga magani.
Kusan duk cutar yi imani da cewa muhimmin alama na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis - a polyadenylation, wanda tasowa a sakamakon hyperplasia na lymphoid nama. A tonsils, sama da aka kafa plaque launin toka ko whitish rawaya launi da ciwon friable daidaito.
Iyaye suna bukatar su biya na musamman da hankali ga Lymph nodes. Mai karfi ya karu mahaifa - za a iya gani a fili a lokacin da yaro ya jũya kansa. Idan akwai aka busa na Lymph nodes a ciki, shi zai iya haddasa ciwo mai tsanani da cewa zai iya sa misdiagnosis, wanda shi ne fraught tare da ba dole ba tiyata.
Kamar yadda mai mulkin, dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis cututtuka a yara a karkashin shekara guda kusan ba ya nuna, saboda wadannan yara ba yakan samu lafiya daga wannan cuta domin su sami antibodies daga uwar shirye.
Ganewar asali a cikin manya
Gane cutar a asibiti manifestations ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu, musamman idan yana da m. A mafi yawan abin dogara Hanyar ganewa na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis ne jini gwajin, wanda za a gano atypical mononuclear Kwayoyin.
Domin duba samuwa a cikin ganewar asali "dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis" bayyanar cututtuka, mai jini gwajin yi daban-daban, misali:
- Gudanar serological gwaji ga antibodies zuwa Epstein-Barr cutar. Idan cutar ne ba, da lura da dagagge matakan immunoglobulin M
- Karkashin awon yanayi, sanin da jini antigens.
- PCR ne da za'ayi wani binciken haƙuri ta jini, da kuma bincikar ta scraping da mucosa da na baka rami. Idan tasowa mononucleosis, ka tabbata ka samu cikin DNA da cutar.
Bugu da kari ga jini gwaje-gwaje, an duban dan tayi jarrabawa na ciki gabobin, amma shi ba ya nuna tsananin cutar.
Ganewar asali da cutar a yara
Don gane mononucleosis da kuma rarrabe shi daga colds, gwani sanya yaron jerin gwaje-gwaje:
- gudanar da wani jini gwajin for antibodies IgM, IgG zuwa Epstein-Barr cutar.
- sa janar da kuma biochemical jini gwajin.
- za'ayi duban dan tayi na ciki gabobin.
An daidai ganewar asali na wani yaro ne da wuya, saboda akwai wani hadarin rudani da cutar, musamman a matakin farko, tare da saba ciwon makogwaro. Hematologic canje-canje - shi ne wani muhimmin alama na dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis, don haka serological gwajin da za'ayi shi wajibi ne.
A jini gwajin a wani yaro idan akwai mononucleosis, so:
- Karuwan erythrocyte sedimentation kudi.
- A karuwa da mahaukaci mononuclear Kwayoyin da 10%. Amma yana da daraja idan akai la'akari da cewa wadannan Kwayoyin bayyana a cikin jini a farkon sosai da cutar, da kuma kawai bayan mako biyu.
A yara, akwai iya zama da sauran cututtuka da cewa suna da irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka da mononucleosis, don haka likita ne da muhimmanci sosai a rarrabe wannan cuta daga wani ciwon makogwaro, kawar da cutar, m cutar sankarar bargo, diphtheria da sauransu. A cikin arsenal na likitoci, akwai mutane da yawa sababbin hanyoyi da bincike hanyoyin da cewa ba ka damar da sauri gane da cutar, kamar PCR.
Idan akwai wani kamuwa da cuta da cututtuka mononucleosis, sa'an nan ga 'yan watanni maimaita serological gwaji domin sanin HIV, kamar yadda zai iya tsokana bayyanar mononuclear Kwayoyin.
far mononucleosis
Manya ne sosai m iya sha cuta data, fiye da yara, amma idan da kamuwa da cuta faru, da kuma cutar da aka tabbatar, da magani za a iya gudanar a gida. Wajibi ne ko ba don gado haka dogara da tsanani daga maye. Idan cutar da ake tare da wani buɗi na hepatitis B, shi ne shawarar zuwa cika da musamman rage cin abinci.
Specific magani ga cututtuka mononucleosis ba ci gaba, shi ne yawanci za'ayi wadannan iri far:
- Gudanar detoxification na jiki.
- Desensitizing magani.
- Restorative far.
- A gwagwarmayar da bayyanar cututtuka da cutar, wanda zai iya hada gargling, maganin rigakafi, idan halin da ake ciki don haka na bukatar.
- Idan makogwaro mai tsanani kumbura, kuma akwai hadarin shaƙa, da wajabta Hanyar "Prednisolone" a cikin 'yan kwanaki.
Idan babu rikitarwa, a cikin makonni biyu da cutar recedes da dawo da ya auku.
Mononucleosis jiyya a Children
A lokacin babu wani tsari guda likita shirin na lura da wannan cuta a cikin 'ya'yanku. Babu irin wannan antiviral miyagun ƙwayoyi, wanda zai iya sauri magance tare da Epstein-Barr cutar. Mafi sau da yawa, magani ne da za'ayi a gida, arin bada shawarar ga wadannan cututtuka:
- da yawan zafin jiki na dogon lokaci da aka hana a matakin fiye da 39 digiri.
- akwai pronounced ãyõyin maye.
- akwai ci gaban da rikitarwa da cutar.
- akwai hadari na maƙura.
Kamuwa mononucleosis a yara cututtuka da kuma magani ne kusan guda kamar yadda a cikin manya, amma akwai wasu nuances:
- Yana da za'ayi wani magani da nufin rage alamun cutar.
- Antipyretics amfani a high yanayin zafi, kamar "Ibuprofen", "Paracetamol".
- Kuma ya kawar da cututtuka na angina tasiri antiseptic shirye-shirye kamar "Imudon" "IRS 19".
Yi restorative far, musamman hankali ne ya biya zuwa ci bitamin B, C da kuma R. Idan duban dan tayi ya nuna kara girman hanta, shi bukatar na musamman rage cin abinci, kazalika da liyafar choleretic kwayoyi da kuma hanta.
A da kyau sakamako a lura da hadin gwiwa sa da yin amfani da immunomodulators da antiviral kwayoyi.
Shan maganin rigakafi ne wajaba a yayin da shiga wata sakandare kwayan kamuwa da cuta da kuma rikitarwa fara, amma da miyagun ƙwayoyi penicillin ne yawanci ba a nuna, kamar yadda su ne da yawa lokuta tsokane rashin lafiyan halayen.
Don taimaka wa hanjinsu, tare da maganin rigakafi wajibi ne a dauki probiotics, misali, "Atsipol", "Narine".
A tsanani lokuta da karfi laryngeal edema nuna canja wuri zuwa iska.
Idan ka bi duk shawarwarin da likitoci, kamar yadda mai mulkin, da cutar ne hanzari matafã ba, kuma da yaron ji mafi alhẽri, kuma mafi kyau.
Zai yiwu da rikitarwa da cutar
Idan far da ake sa wa ba daidai ba, ko kuma ba complied tare da shawarwari na likitoci, da cututtuka mononucleosis iya ba da tsanani da rikitarwa:
- Daga cikin juyayi tsarin, yana iya zama meningitis, encephalitis, laka rauni, ci gaban Guillain-Barre ciwo zai iya faruwa hallucinations, ta ƙara jitters.
- A jini gwajin iya nuna wani karu daga platelets, rage leucocytes da autoimmune anemia.
- Akwai sun kasance lokuta na zub da jini a cikin akan tantanin ido da ido.
- Maras wata-wata splenic katsewa idan akwai wani wuce kima karuwa da shi.
- Hepatitis.
- Saboda karfi kumburi na tonsils iya ci gaba numfashi gazawar.
- A kumburi tsari zai iya shafar kodan.
- Da shan kashi na glandular nama take kaiwa zuwa mumps, pancreatitis da thyroid matsaloli.
- Saboda gaskiya cewa cutar karfi ya danne na rigakafi da tsarin, za'a iya surkin jini kamuwa da cuta.
Mashahurin likita Komarovsky da shawara duk iyaye idan yaro ne m tare da cututtuka mononucleosis, ba su tsoro, kuma da tabbaci matsawa ganiya da cuta da kuma cika tare da duk shawarwari na likita. A liyafar da yawa kwayoyi shi wajibi ne don a hankali saka idanu da jariri jure ta jiki zuwa wani ne da wannan bango ba worsen bayyanar rikitarwa.
Yadda za a mai da sauri bayan da cutar
A mafi tsawo dawo da yakan faru a cikin yaro ta jiki. A high yanayin zafi, ba lallai ba ne su tilasta wa jariri ne, bari shi ne mafi alhẽri daina sha 'ya'yan drinks da' ya'yan itace da kuma yanã shã shayi tare da lemun tsami. Da zarar cutar fara ja da baya, da ci zai dawo zuwa ga yaro. Amma bayan da dawo da shi ne har yanzu game 6 months shi zai zama dole su bi rage cin abinci zuwa hanta dawo dasu.
Yara da suka yi da cutar, da farko, da sauri gaji, jin rauni, sabõda haka, kada obalodi jiki da hankali da aiki.
Yana da kyawawa da cewa dawo da tsarin ga wani likita wanda a kowane lokaci zai iya ba da muhimmanci shawara da tukwici. Iya bukatar shawara hepatologist, lokaci-lokaci dole a gudanar da biochemical da serological jini gwajin.
Don hana ci gaban da rikitarwa bayan dawo da, shi bada shawarar yara:
- sha yau da kullum da kiwon lafiya rajistan shiga jarrabawa.
- ilimin motsa jiki azuzuwan tafiyar da musamman kungiyar.
- ba za ka iya tafi a kan man gas, musamman a tsawon nisa.
- haramta daga musharaka cikin wasa faru.
- Yana da kyawawa don hana zafi fiye da kima ko overcooling na kwayoyin.
- alurar riga kafi da aka haramta har da cikakken maida.
Bayan wani rashin lafiya da amfani sabo iska, da ta dace da lafiya da abinci da kuma mafi sauran.
Alurar da cututtuka mononucleosis ne har yanzu akwai, shi ne kawai a ci gaba mataki, don haka rigakafin ne mai muhimmanci, wanda shi ne a yarda da dokoki na sirri kiwon lafiya. Wajibi ne mu bayyana wa yaron cewa kada ka danganta hankali tare da rashin lafiya yara da kuma manya. Aka bayyana cutar ne yawanci ba na wani taro hali, kamar yadda aka nuna a ware lokuta, duk da haka, lura duk shirinsu, za ka iya zama kusan wasu cewa cutar mononucleosis ba ta riske.
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