Dabbobi, da kuma shuke-shuke na Yenisei River: description, jerin, photo

Daya daga cikin mafi girma da waɗansu kõguna na kasar mu gudana ta hanyar matakan da gandun daji, fadin filayen da duwãtsu, daga kudancin latitudes ga Arctic Ocean - 3.487 kilomita, a lokacin da za mu yi bi, abin da dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke enliven da Yenisei River tudu.

labarin kasa

Jonas (Evenki - "babban ruwa") mai suna Rasha da ya fi kusa da harshe kalma. Dukan Siberia daga sama zuwa kasa kan zangarniya na Yenisei, farko a cikin Sayan Mountains daga tafkin Kara-Balyk, mamaye aikin gandu, watse a cikin Tuva ciki da kuma mahara hoses fitowa riga iko, crushing dutsen rafi. West Sayan Yenisei dutse bar wani kananan rata a cikin cliffs, amma kogin m.

A fitarwa na mutane da muka gina wani dam na Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric iko shuka, haka Big dokin cewa sace kamar runaway jirgin kasa, Dzhoysky dokin da Rock Tavern ba kawai a cikin tsohon hotunan. Yanzu a nan ne tafki da wani bay kafa ta mahaɗar tsakãninsu dutsen kõguna da waɗansu kõguna. All Yenisei saukin zuwa kashi uku sassa - Haute, ta Tsakiya da kuma Lower. A gado daga tushen zuwa tafki - saman, sa'an nan daga tafki zuwa zubarwa - a tsakiyar rabo, da kuma ƙananan rabo Yenissei, bayan tattara abubuwa masu kyau cikin rumfar ajiye jiragen sama kai biyu da rabi nisa na kilomita.

taiga

Dabbobi, da kuma shuke-shuke Yenisei kogin suna da yawa da bambance bambancen, kamar yadda wadannan tanada wuraren - hankula taiga. A cikin kwarin kogin yafi coniferous gandun daji - spruce, da itacen al'ul, Pine. A cikin Tsakiya Siberian Plateau ciyayi peculiar matsayin da cika fuska canza high-tsawo zone. M larch da kuma Pine gandun daji na ƙananan belts an maye gurbinsu da wani karin sparse fir da kuma itacen al'ul-fir.

A rabin kilomita dutse fi bayyane dutsen tundra da mai tsayi fadamun. Dabbobi, da kuma shuke-shuke na Yenisei River ji a wadannan wurare da yardar kaina, saboda akwai sau da yawa sosai ya tanadi: Tsakiya Siberia, Krasnoyarsk da ginshiƙai, Sayano-Shushenskaya, sa'an nan Putoransky, Taimyr, Tunguska, Great Arctic kasa Parks "Shushensky Bor" da "Ergaki" uku goszakaznika tarayya da kuma 27 - da Krasnoyarsk Abuja.

"Ginshikan"

A kan iyakar da Jamhuriyar Siberian Filato a arewa maso yammacin kakar na Eastern Sayan ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau yanayi reserves na duniya - "sandunan", kafa a shekara ta 1925. Its yankin - kamar dubu 50 kadada. Dabbobi, da kuma shuke-shuke na Yenisei River wannan sashi zauna da ajiye. Akwai fiye da 750 jinsunan jijiyoyin bugun gini shuke-shuke da kuma 260 - mosses. A fir taiga zaune kawai 290 jinsunan vertebrate dabbobi: kurege, chipmunk, Sable, ja-goyon baya vole, Fritillaria, Musk barewa da sauransu.

Duk da haka, da gandun daji-steppe jinsunan ma a cikin sa ya ƙunshi: steppe polecat, Roe barewa, zomo tailed, da dai sauransu A Rasha Red Data Littafi na shuke-shuke girma a nan an jera .. Pinnate gashin tsuntsu ciyawa, shlemonosny orchids, calypso albasa - mai kyau sosai flower, takalma Grandiflora kuma ba - more kyau orchids na iyali. Dabbobi da tsuntsaye da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi daga Rasha, akwai kuma da yawa: zinariya mikiya, peregrine shaho, ungulu, saker shaho da sauransu.

Arctic

Wannan ajiye ne manya-manyan, ba a banza shi ne ake kira - Big Arctic, Eurasia most. Kuma da kogin Yenisei - tsakiyar ɓangare. A nan, domin mafi yawan bangare kare migratory tsuntsaye cewa gida a yankin (a dama shorebirds, Brant Goose, geese (hudu-daban), Swans, hudu jinsunan ducks da yawa wasu). Yana kuma lura da dabbobin da yawa, kuma shuke-shuke na Yenisei River, wanda aka kiyaye shi ta jihar.

162 jinsunan mafi girma shuke-shuke daga 28 iyalan: hatsi, albasa, kabeji, sedge, saxifrage. Da kyau sosai matashin kai-poppy. shi ma ke tsiro 70 jinsunan lichens da kuma 15 - namomin kaza. A ajiye rayuwa 16 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa - Foxes, Wolves, Foxes, wolverines, lemmings, Musk shanu, caribou da iyakacin duniya beyar, kazalika a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Yenisei a cikin Kara Sea akwai Whales, walruses da sauran marine dabbobi.

Sayan

Muciya Reserve, located in Western Sayan Krasnoyarsk Abuja - da Sayano-Shushenskaya. Ga tsare mafi muhimmanci da Jawo dabba - da Sable kazalika da karatu da Flora da fauna da Sayano-Shushenskoye tafki. Sosai arziki Yenisei River - River a Siberia ne sanannen, da aka sani da "Uba" saboda daga zamanin d Yenisei karni ya breadwinner duk mutanen da ke rayuwa a kan ta gaba: duka biyu kifi da nama, da kuma kwayoyi, da kuma berries da namomin kaza - duk bi, duk da abinci.

An lura da cewa a cikin tafki ne sosai m fauna: bace magoya ruwan sanyi - lafiya Grayling, goldilocks, taimen, amma sabon nau'in bayyana sauki: irin kifi, Pike, bream, roach, perch da sauransu. The ajiye yana da wani gidan kayan gargajiya na Nature, wanda bisa ga yarda ziyarci da yawon bude ido da dukan zamanai a kan yawon shakatawa. Mene ne shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Yenisei River, Krasnoyarsk Territory Grade 4 makarantu iya koya gani.

Filato Putorana

The musamman da suka bambanta Putorana Reserve - wurinta - nan ke Yenisei zoogeographic kan iyaka, don haka akwai wani ƙara iri-iri iri: shuke-shuke da dabbobi na kogin Yenisei jerin Flora da fauna daga Siberia ƙwarai wadãtar. A ajiye rayuwa 36 jinsunan kifaye, halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, 184 jinsunan tsuntsaye, 34 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa, da kuma jerin kawai mafi girma shuke-shuke ya hada game da 400 jinsunan.

Shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Yenisei River Grade 4 zai goyon ko fiye da ake bukata da manhaja, saboda a nan ana kiyaye shi ta wannan rare jinsunan a matsayin bighorn da tumaki, da fari-tailed mikiya, Merlin, karamin swan, mikiya, ungulu kuma waɗansu da yawa. Akwai beyar, Wolves, Foxes da Lynx, Sable, Siberian weasel da wolverine. Shuka nan akwai kusan 400 jinsunan, daga gare su, irin wannan rare kamar yadda Rhodiola rosea, dabbare sifila (ma Siberian orchid), Asian duniya flower, da dama poppies, marigold - duk ba lissafa.

The kwarin Yenisei

Mene ne shuke-shuke da dabbobi samu a cikin Yenisei River Tsentralnosibirsky ajiye, za ka iya gani a cikin jerin:

• Fiye da 650 jinsunan mafi girma shuke-shuke.
• bakwai iri conifers.
• 35 jinsunan horsetails, ferns da gansakuka.
• Fiye da 150 jinsunan mosses.
• 223 lichen jinsunan.
• 45 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa.
• 274 jinsunan tsuntsaye.
• hudu jinsunan dabbobi masu rarrafe da halittar dabba mai kafafuwa.
• 35 jinsunan kifaye.
• Fiye da 700 jinsunan kwari.
• fiye da 420 jinsunan gizo-gizo.

Wannan ajiye rufe biyu bankuna na Yenisei River a tsakiyar rabo.

Shushenskoe

A dama banki na Yenisei River ne National Park da ake kira "Shushensky Bor". Bor - shi ne ma mai gandun daji, kawai Pine cewa tsiro, yafi a kan yashi kasa. Ga gandun daji ke tsiro a kan rairayi - bel gandun daji bar mana wani sosai tsawon lokaci, bayan ƙarshen Ice Age. Relict gandun daji ne ko da yaushe musamman arziki da kuma kyau. Me ji a cikin ni'ima a nan, da kuma shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Yenisei River? Amsar mai sauki ce: kiyaye, babu abin da zai hallaka. Kawai tsare!

dabbobin da yawa da suke zaune a nan: kawai 254 jinsunan terrestrial vertabrate, ciki har da 45 dabbobi masu shayarwa, fiye da 200 jinsunan tsuntsaye, biyar jinsunan dabbobi masu rarrafe, hudu - halittar dabba mai kafafuwa. Mafi muhimmanci ma, akwai zomaye, squirrels, beyar, fox, Sable, ja barewa, Roe barewa, kadan ƙasa da na kowa Musk barewa, Elk, daji boar. Suna zaune a nan Wolves, kuma Lynx, kuma wolverine, kuma ermine, Siberian weasel, steppe polecat, Otter, mink. Tsare halitta a cikin m bambancin - shi ne babban aiki da kuma babban batun da ajiye. Shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Yenisei River kamata su mutu ba daga saboda muhalli damuwa, ko mutum zari farauta.

Ergaki

Wannan yanayi ajiye a bankunan na Yenisei live, kazalika a makwabciyar Lynx (akwai da yawa), badgers, wolverines, Foxes da Wolves. Akwai gaske ne da yawa sables. A wasu wuraren, shi ruthlessly zasu kare kusan gama kafin reserves aka kafa. Wannan ajiye yawa ungulates: muz, taiga reindeer, Musk barewa. A yawa tsuntsaye! Akwai zalla taiga jinsunan da yawa jinsunan ruwa tsuntsaye, wasu sosai rare - whooper swan, Taiga Bean Goose, misali.

A kan m bankuna na Yenisei, za ka iya ganin fari-tailed mikiya sheƙarsu. Har ila yau, tsuntsaye masu cin nama gabatar shaho, Angulaye da Hobby. Kuma a cikin Yenisei a wadannan wurare suna kiyaye miyagun kifi daga Red Book - Siberian sturgeon da sturgeon. Samu a cikin kogin da fari kifi, da kuma Arctic cisco da whitefish da whitefish da smelt. Kuma, ba shakka, da yawa ba haka ba rare da tsada jinsunan: burbot, Pike, perch, crucian irin kifi.

A farauta en

The ajiye "Ergaki" akwai yawon shakatawa yankunan. Musamman ban sha'awa yawon shakatawa suna miƙa ta hanyar da taiga, inda za ka iya kaina tantance bambancin da taiga, ko da yake, ba shakka, da ido zai fada, ba duk da shuke-shuke da dabbobi na Yenisei River. Hotuna da yawon bude ido kawo wa wannan balaguro din, shi ne tunanin wadanda suka taba tafi a kan farauta Siberian en.