Dokokin na Handball. Handball - dokoki na wasan. Yadda yawa halves a Handball?

Irin nauyin wasan kwallon kafa na yanzu ya tashi ne da godiya ga 'yan wasan Danish a cikin shekarun 19-20. An ƙirƙira shi don maye gurbin wannan gasar a cikin hunturu. Wasan ya shafi yin amfani da dukkan sassan jiki, sai dai kafafu, don hawan ball a cikin burin abokin gaba.

Asalin handball ba a kafa shi ba, kamar yadda aka kwatanta wasannin da suka dace da ayoyin da Walter von der Vogelweide ya yi.

Ranar ranar haihuwar wasan a cikin "handball" an fi la'akari da ita 1898. Malamin ilimin ilimi na makarantar a garin Danish na Ordrup Holger Nielsen ya gabatar da wasan don kungiyoyin mata wasan da ake kira 'yan bindiga inda ƙungiyoyi 7 suka taka a karamin wasa, Aboki da ƙoƙarin shiga cikin burin abokin adawar.

Nazarin na baya bayanan ya nuna cewa wasan motsa jiki ya samo tushe ne a baya. A shekara ta 1890, wasan Khazen ya zama sananne, wanda a cikin fassarar ma'anar "jefawa, jefawa", kalmomin da suka kasance kamar dokokin handball.

A shekara ta 1917, Max Heiser ya hada dakin jariri da kuma shazen, samar da sabon wasa ga mata, da ake kira "ball ball".

A shekara ta 1918, an fara ci gaba da raguwa biyu na wasan: a gabashin Czech Khazen, da yamma da kuma arewa - na wasan kwallon kafa na Jamus.

Hanyoyin wasan kwallon kafa a wasan motsa jiki na duniya a 1926 sun haifar da yada wasan da kuma kungiyoyin kwallon kafa a wasu ƙasashe.

Yanayin wasan

Handball wani wasa ne mai ban sha'awa. Ba kamar kwallon kafa ba, inda za ka iya ganin kawai burin da aka zira kwallaye ga duka wasan, akwai hare-hare masu yawa a wasan kwallon kafa. Amma wannan ba kwando ba ne, saboda an jefa kwallon cikin burin, kuma ba cikin kwandon ba. Ayyukan da ake yi a wannan nau'i na da wuya ta hanyar ƙara yawan cibiyoyin burin da rage girman ball.

A shekara ta 1914, Dr. E.F. Maly ya kafa wata cikakkiyar bayani game da wasan kwallon kafa, daga bisani an yi amfani da dama daga cikinsu a cikin shirye-shiryen ka'idojin kasa da kasa don wannan wasanni. Za mu iya cewa shi ne wasan kwallon kafa na Rasha wanda shine farkon jerin wadannan wasannin a duniya.

Irin wannan gasar ne ƙungiyar. Ana gudanar da wasanni a gida, a filin bude, kuma akwai gabar teku game da wannan wasan.

Yanayin wasanni

Girman yankin zai zama 20 * 40 m, kuma ƙofar - 2 * 3 m. Wasan yana amfani da ball na kananan diamita, girmansa da nauyinsa sun bambanta dangane da mace ko maza na 'yan wasan, har ma da shekarunsu.

Sau nawa a wasan kwallon kafa? Dukan wasan ya kasu kashi biyu na minti 30, tare da katse minti 10. Makasudin wannan taron shine jefa mafi yawan adadin kwallaye cikin manufa na ƙungiyar adawa, kuma baza ku iya wucewa a waje da layin da ke iyakar sararin samaniya a gaban makasudin ba. Wasan ya fara da jefa a kowace hanya daga tsakiyar kotu. Dukkan ayyukan da kungiyoyi masu kunnawa suka kiyasta ta alƙalai biyu.

A matsayin lafiyar lafiya, wato, wurin wasanni, wasan kwallon handball ya fi sauki kuma ya fi sauƙi a aiwatar. Game da wasan kwallon kafa, kwando da volleyball, ya fi tasiri, amma saboda wani dalili ba dalili bane. Irin wannan wasan kwaikwayo na iya yin duk wani.

Yana da mafi aminci kuma mafi yawan dimokuradiyya fiye da sauran mutane, saboda ba ya buƙatar kowane fasaha na musamman na mallaki ball ko bayanin jiki. Hana tashin hankali a hari da tsaron gida, cewa shi ne, da ikon gwagwarmaya, Handball ne mai sauqi ka daidaita da kiwon lafiya na kungiyoyin na manya da dattawa su na duk matakan da dacewa da kuma ga yara da kuma matasa, da kungiyoyin na janar motsa jiki da jini. Yawancin malamai sunyi amfani da shirin fitar da kayan aiki na horo na jiki a tsakiyar makaranta a makaranta.

Irin wannan wasanni ya dace saboda ana iya yin su a ko'ina: a bakin rairayin bakin teku, a cikin tafkin, a gym, a kan titin, ta amfani da duk wani ball da kayan aiki.

Handball: ka'idojin wasan

1. farkon wasan. A farkon wasan, kun shigar da kwallon cikin tsakiyar filin. Mai halarta mai karɓar filin dole ne a nisan mita 3. Irin wannan takarda za a iya yi a lokacin gasar bayan an cimma burin da aka zana ko kuma a farkon rabi na gaba.

2. Ana iya ƙyale 'yan wasan su taba ball tare da wani ɓangaren jiki, sai dai kafafu, an yarda da wasan kwallon hannu, kuma za a iya motsa filin wasa da yardar kaina, ta jagoranci kwallon da ta wuce cikin kwallon. An ba abokin tarayya damar jefa kwallon kawai idan ya kasance fiye da mita uku daga gare shi.

3. Wannan wasan yana da dokoki masu sauki amma masu mahimmanci. Kafin yin fashi ko jefa kwallon a cikin burin abokin gaba, kowanne mai halarta yana da hakkin ya riƙe shi kawai don uku seconds. A lokaci guda tare da ball a hannu, zaka iya yin matakai 3, ba haka ba, to, dole ka canja shi zuwa wani.

4. Mene ne mai tsaron gidan zai iya yi yayin wasan kwallon kafa?

• Don kare ƙofar kofa, zaka iya taba kwallon tare da wani ɓangaren jiki, ciki har da kafafu.
• Ku jefa kwallon cikin filin burin.
• Je zuwa filin wasa sannan ku shiga kai tsaye don yaki don kwallon, yin amfani da dokoki na handball.

5. Menene mai tsaron gida ba zai iya yi ba?

• Bayyana mai hamayya ga hatsari, kare yankinku.
• Ka bar zangon burin tare da kwallon.
• Ta taɓa ball a waje da layin sai dan wasan ya taba shi.
• Komawa tare da kwallon baya zuwa ƙofar.
• Ketare dan wasan mai tsaron gida, yayin da abokin hamayyarsa, wanda yayi wasan mita 7, bai ninka kwallon ba.

6. Yaushe ne ake ganin kwallon da ke gefe?

• Lokacin da ya kewaya a gefe na filin ta hanyar laifin daya daga cikin masu halartar, a wannan yanayin, ƙungiya mai adawa ta shiga cikin kwallon cikin wasan daga maɓallin wucewa na baya a filin.
• Idan kwallon ya tsallake zangon burin ta hanyar kuskuren mai tsaron gidan ko mai kai hari, a wannan yanayin mai tsaron gidan ya shiga aiki.
• Idan har kwallon ya rufe rufi, sai alkalin wasa ya zira kwallo ta hanyar jefa shi a cikin iska.

7. Lokaci. A lokacin wasan, masu horar da 'yan wasan biyu, duk da irin nauyin wasan kwallon kafa, na iya ɗauka lokaci ɗaya don minti daya. Mai yin hukunci zai iya dakatar da lokaci kuma ya sanar da lokaci a lokuta da dama:

• Rashin cancanta da rikodi na cire daga wasan don mintuna 2.
• Manufar gwada mita bakwai.
• Rage doka game da sauyawa ko janyewa zuwa shafin yanar gizo na wani dan wasa.
• Idan alƙalai sun buƙaci shawarta.

8. Yaushe aka maye gurbin mahalarta? A cikin wasan kwallon hannu, ana iya maye gurbin 'yan wasa sau da yawa. Mai maye gurbin dan takarar zai iya shiga filin kawai bayan da dan wasan kwallon kafa ya maye gurbin shi. Ana tafiyar da mahalarta ne kawai ta wurin wurin maye gurbin. Ana bin ka'idodin wannan lokacin yayin canza masu tsaron gida.

9. Idan akwai yiwuwar cin zarafi, za a raba minti biyu daga wasan. Idan yawancin 'yan wasa da dama suka keta dokokin wasan kwallon kafa, to sai dai wanda ya fara yin hukunci ne ta hanyar cire, kuma wasan ya ci gaba bayan jefa kuri'un' yan adawa.

10. Idan wani dan wasan ya shiga filin ko ya shiga tsakani na yakin daga yankin maye gurbin, an yi masa rauni na minti 2, kuma tawagar a wannan lokaci ya ci gaba da shiga cikin abun da aka rage. Rikicin ya ci gaba bayan an jefa kuri'un 'yan wasa.

11. Matsalar wucewa. Kungiyar da ke jagorancin kwallon dole ne ta jagoranci shi zuwa filin hari kuma jefa shi a bakin kofar abokan gaba. Idan canja wuri daga ball daga yankin tsaro zuwa yankin hari ya jinkirta, to, an dauke shi wasa mai ma'ana. Ana fama da tawagar ta hanyar jefa kuri'a daga wurin da ball yake a lokacin dakatar da wasan. Sakamakon jefa kuri'a ta ƙungiyar adawa. Irin wannan motsi za a iya gudanar da su ta hanyar da gangan don tasowa lokaci na handball kuma ba su yarda abokan adawar su dauki kwallon. Idan alkalin ya lura da ƙoƙarin ƙoƙari na gudanar da maganganun basira, don farko ya yi gargadi ga tawagar. Idan wannan hanya ta ci gaba, ana ba da kyautar kyauta a kan 'yan wasan da ke riƙe da kwallon.

Dokokin Handball sun ba da damar:

• Don toshe da kuma mallaki kwallon, yi amfani da hannunka.
• Yi amfani da dabino mai laushi don buga kwallon daga hannun abokin adawa.
• Garke jikin abokin adawa, koda kuwa yana da kwallon.
• Don hana ayyukan abokin hamayyar, taɓa hannunsa daga gaba.

Ba a yarda da wasan kwallon hannu ba:

• Kashe kwallon daga hannun abokan adawar.
• Don toshe ko soke abokin gaba da ƙafafunsa da hannunsa.
• Yi wani aiki na jiki: tsalle a kan abokin adawar, yakin, turawa, rike, girth ko wani mataki wanda zai iya sace shi.

Dangane da irin rashin cin zarafi a irin wannan gasar, kamar wasan motsa jiki, ka'idojin wasan sun fara yin gargadi, sa'an nan kuma cire minti 2, mita bakwai ko kuma kyauta ko ma rashin izini.

Ana amfani da matakan da za a iya amfani da ita ta hanyar mataki na karuwa. A yayin da wani mai takara ya cutar da wasu, ya yada su ga hatsari ba tare da fassarar ko lokacin wasan ba, ana iya katse shi ba tare da gargadi ba.

Za a iya jefa jigilar mita 7 a kan zaton zakuɗacciyar ƙetare, wanda a kaikaice ko kai tsaye ya sa ƙarshen gasar. An jefa wannan jifa daga nesa da mita bakwai daga wurin da yake ƙofa, a wannan yanayin, hammayarsu ba su da damar yin tsoma baki a kowane hanya tare da mai kunnawa, ta hanyar tsaida ball. Mai tsaron gidan a wannan lokaci ba shi da damar ya wuce iyakar mita 4-mita fiye da layin da aka kayyade.

Zama a kan ƙofar

Al'umomi za su ƙidaya wannan burin idan kwallon ya ketare duk fadin burin zane, idan dai cewa mai kunnawa ya kaddamar da ka'idojin mai kunnawa. Bayan wannan duka yana duba mai alƙali, wanda yake a cikin layi. Idan duk abin da aka yi daidai, zai nuna cewa an zura kwallo.

An zura kwallaye har ma idan mai goyon bayan kungiyar ya ba da damar yin hakan a yayin wasan kwallon kafa.

Ba a kididdige wani abu a lokacin da mai kula da lokaci ko alƙali ya katse wasan har sai an rufe k'wallon ta hanyar burin.

Ana iya ƙaddamar da burin zuwa ga abokan adawar idan abokin wasan ya ba da nasaba da gangan ba tare da bata lokaci ba, sai dai a wannan lokacin, an kori lambar ta kashe mai tsaron gidan.

Dabara takalma don handball

A wannan wasa yana da kyau don amfani da sneakers. Suna samar da karfi mai dadi zuwa ƙasa. Ƙarin amfani da su shine sauƙi a cikin tafiya da gudana, an halicce su ta hanyar sauƙi na sauƙi da damuwa. A cikin kasuwar zamani akwai zaɓi da yawa waɗanda suka dace da wadannan sigogi. Kowane dan wasan zai iya zaɓar wannan samfurin mafi kyau.

Wadanne kayan halayen kayan wasan handball?

Ka'idodin wasan zai ƙayyade bukatun don handball. A lokacin wasan duka, tare da tsawon tsawon sa'a daya da minti 10, 'yan takara suna ƙoƙari su zira kwallaye kamar yadda ya kamata a cikin burin. An ba da izinin amfani da kai, kwatangwalo, hannayensu, jiki da gwiwoyi, yayin da ɗaya daga cikin mahalarta ba zai riƙe ball ba fiye da 3 seconds ko gudu tare da shi fiye da 3 matakai.

Tare da irin wannan wasan kwaikwayon, wasan kwallon hannu zai ba ka damar motsawa ba tare da bata lokaci ba, don samun ƙarfin da saukakawa. Kowace ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi T-shirt da takalmanta, yawancin launi daban-daban. Lokacin zabar tsari na wasan, yana da muhimmanci a kula da kowane abu: ingancin masana'anta, da sassan, da ladabi, da salon, da inuwa, da dai sauransu.

Kayan gobekeeper ya bambanta da nauyin masu halartar a filin wasa saboda an rufe shi, wannan wajibi ne don rage zafi daga bugawa kwallon. Hakika, ko da yaushe sau nawa a cikin handball, horon yana ɗaukan lokaci. A lokacin wasan, fadowa da kusantar kulla tsakanin mahalarta zai yiwu. Don ƙirƙirar waɗannan tufafi, an yi amfani da yaduddufi na musamman tare da karfi da tsararren tsari.

A cikin gwagwarmaya, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana amfani da nau'i biyu na kayan ado: horo da wasa. Suna da bambance-bambance a cikin abun da ke cikin zane da kuma salon.

Ayyukan da ke dauke da babban nau'i na filastin auduga sun fi dacewa da iska kuma suna samar da kyakkyawan ta'aziyya ga socks, amma sun rasa asalin asalin su da sauri. A wuri na auduga fara sami roba zaruruwa, iya m kau wuce haddi danshi, ci gaba mai kyau siffar da bushe da sauri, ba su bayyana sawa da kuma tightening, amma kula da su ne kyawawan sauki.

Handball

Ta duk ka'idoji an halicci kwallon don wasan kwallon hannu daga wani abu mai launi ta hanyar polyurethane ko daga fata. Dogaro dole ne a yi amfani da kayan haɓaka. A karkashin shi akwai Layer na kumfa, samar da laushi na ball. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ya kamata ya kasance mai tsauri ga taɓawa domin ya kara kama. A lokacin wasan, mutane da dama suna amfani da mastic na wasan handball, yana samar da iyakar yiwuwar sadarwa tsakanin dabino da ball.

Don yin wasan kwaikwayo na rairayin rairayin rairayin rairayin bakin teku an yi su ne da murmushi mai tsabta tare da sassauka da bushe. Sau da yawa sukan samuwa a cikin launuka mai haske.

Babban mahimmancin bukukuwa na handball:

• Ball tare da da'irar 50-52 cm yana da nauyin nauyin 290-330 g. Yin amfani da wasan - ga 'yan mata da yara maza 8-14 shekaru.
• Kwallon da ke kewaye da 54-56 cm yana da nauyin nauyin 325-375 g An yi amfani dashi a cikin kungiyoyin mata fiye da shekaru 14 da kungiyoyin maza bayan shekaru 16.
• Ball, wanda ya dace don kunnawa mutane fiye da shekara 16, yana da rabuwa na 58-60 cm kuma yana auna 425-475 g.

Halitta da ci gaba da wasan kwallon rairayin bakin teku

Wasan ya fara ne a cikin shekaru 90 na karni na ashirin. Beachballball din nan da nan ya janyo hankali kuma ya sami admirers da mashawarta.

Shahararsa ta kasance saboda dalilai masu yawa:

• Ƙarin bayanan da aka zira kwallaye a cikin burin abokin gaba.
• Dokoki marasa amfani.
• Beautiful wasa.

Dangane da filin wasa na wasan handball yana da siffofi daban-daban, don haka an gane shi a matsayin wasanni mai zaman kanta.

Wasan wasan kwallon kafa na Rasha ya fara girma a farkon shekarun 2000. A cikin wannan wasan kwaikwayo ne mafi girma ga dukan 'yan wasan Italiya, amma a cikin sana'a da kuma shahararrun mutane, sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanci ga wakilan kasashe masu zuwa:

• Rasha.
• Ukraine.
• Belarus.
• Spain.
• Holland.
• Girka.

An kafa dokoki da kayan aiki masu dacewa don wasa

Shirya ka'idodi game da wannan nau'in wasan shine tattaunawar raba. Dukkan wadannan Italiya wadanda suka mallaki ra'ayin wasan kwallon raga sun saka su.

Bisa ga ka'idodi, kowace kungiya ta ƙunshi mutane 8, biyu daga cikinsu akwai masu tsaron gida. A filin wasa dole ne 'yan wasa 4, daya daga cikinsu shine mai tsaron gida. A lokaci guda kuma, dole ne 'yan ƙungiyoyi biyu su yi ado da nau'i daban-daban kuma suyi tafiya ba tare da komai ba. Zaka iya sa safa ko gyaran ƙafafunku.

Ba a zura kwallo ba sai kawai lokacin da kwallon ya keta kullun, kuma idan an yi kisa a kyau da kuma mai ban mamaki, an ba da maki biyu a gare shi. Bugu da ƙari, don burin ya kara maki biyu, idan an yi shi daga nesa da mita 6, ko kuma idan mai tsaron gidan ya kashe shi. Sabili da haka, koda da babban bambanci a cikin sakamakon ƙungiyoyin, akwai yiwuwar daidaitawa da asusun.

Girma shafukan kasance a cikin tsawon 27 m, mai nisa na 12 m + golan zones, kowane daidai 3 m, a fadi da 2 m ba ga tsawo.

Domin wasan amfani ball yin la'akari 350 g / 55 cm a karkara ga maza da sauki zaɓi don mata - 300 g / 50 cm.

gasa

Beach Handball ne a halin yanzu runduna yawa gasa, Turai da kuma gasar wasannin duniya. Wasanni aka gudanar a cikin maza da mata teams na gauraye da irin. A karshe 'yan shekaru ya kasance wani kara Trend na yara gasa a rairayin bakin teku Handball.

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da cewa rairayin bakin teku Handball ya shigo duniya saman matakin for 2000. A sakamakon farko duniya gasar na Rasha, Ukraine da Belarus suka iya daukar yawancin kyaututtuka a gasa na biyu mata da maza.

Yau, Handball ba a wuri da kuma aka rayayye tasowa a Rasha. Ga wadanda suke so su haifar da wani yanki makaranta, ga tawagar mu da 'yan wasa a nan gaba zai iya sauƙi lashe take.