"Finita la comedy!": Wannan yana nufin sanannen magana

"Presentation ne a kan!" - mu ce da irony, idan kammala wasu unseemly, m al'amarin. More sau da yawa, a cikin irin wannan hali, mu yi amfani da furcin cewa ya dade da zama tun a winged "Finita la comedy!" Mene ne ta asali, abin da connotations shi enfolds da kuma yadda sau da yawa amfani - wannan magana.

A halin yanzu, sauti

A takarda cewa yana da wani kwafin da aka rubuta a Rasha haruffa, ba tare da translation ma'anar jumlar finita la commedia, wanda aka yaba da Italian harshe - "compactly la comedy". Translation ne - "da comedy ne a kan." Duk da haka, bisa ga nahawu dokoki na Italian harshe, daidai to ce: La commedia e finita. Wannan shi ne daidai abin da shi sauti da kalmar "compactly la comedy" a cikin Italiyanci.

Karshen al'amari!

Tun da yake wannan magana ya yi karko a Rasha harshen, masana ilimin harsuna mayar da shi zuwa category na phraseology. The darajar sanya wa data kari semantically alaka zuwa wani barga magana "play-yi" - wanda yana nufin wani Sham, wani ƙoƙari ya ɓatar. Idan wani bai girmama, ya rufe tare da mai kyau taken miyãgun ayyukansu, kuma wannan shi ne karshen, shi ne ya dace a ce: "Finita la comedy!" - wanda yake nufin "wasan ne a kan, yanzu duk abin da za su fada a cikin wuri, kuma da gaskiya za a yi wahayi" .

kawo ƙarshen

Akwai wannan phraseologism da sauran lexical sautin. Misali wani da hannu a cikin abubuwan da suka faru a cikin abin da ya aka bai rawar cancanci soka. Ko ya aka hannu a reprehensible halin da ake ciki kamar yadda ta mahalarta da kuma shafa. Sa'an nan, a cikin cikar wadannan abubuwan, wannan mutumin zai iya kirãyi: "Finita la comedy" - wanda ke nufin: "Ku zo, ma'ana, Basta" A karshe kalma, ta hanyar, ma, ya zo mana daga Italiya - ko kuma wajen, na da wanda ya riga, da Latin harshe. Basta kalma tana nufin "isasshen isa".

Lokacin da jumlar da aka buga

An yi imani da cewa sanannen maganarsu "Finita la comedy!" Ya Zo a cikin yin amfani da shi a bãyan bayyana wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Pagliacci" (marubucin - Ruggero Leoncavallo). Duk da haka, ta jerin baƙaƙe, wannan rubutu an ba da goyan bayan: gaskiya cewa Rasha karatu ya ga wannan magana a cikin labari Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova "Hero of Our Lokaci". Kari busa daga lebe na Pechorin, bayan ya harbe suka kashe abokinsa a duel Grushnitsky. The labari da aka rubuta ba daga baya fiye da 1840, da kuma farko na "Pagliacci" opera dauki kusan rabin karni daga baya, a 1892.

"Pagliacci"

A wasar kwaikwayo ta waka fara unconventionally: a lokacin m prologue kafin ma a rufe al'amuran kan mataki wawa bayyana kwatsam kuma yayi kashedin da masu sauraro cewa wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da aka yi wahayi zuwa da rai kanta, kuma ta theme - da gaske ji da kuma bege. Sa'an nan labulen yana buɗewa kuma gabatar fara. A mãkirci dogara ne a kan gaskiyar cewa lauye soyayya, kishi da kuma mutuwa a hakikanin rai, kuma a cikin wasan kwaikwayo wasa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo yawo nagartattu. Wawa Tonio ne cikin soyayya da Nedda comedienne, matar actor kuma rundunar nagartattu Canio. Ta ƙaryata ci gaba da wani wawa, bada zaɓi ga matasa baƙauye Silvio. Stung da Tonio sanar da mijin da ba daidai ba mace, kuma shĩ ne mai tsananin sauti rushes ga m da wuka. Amma lokacin gabatar, kuma wajibi ne a tafi a kan mataki. "Yana da lokacin da za a fara, lokacin da za a sa a kan wani kwat da wando!" - daya daga cikin shahararrun arias a cikin wasan opera duniya.

A Columbine kaya Nedda ta cikin labarin buga fita comedy ga manoma shigar da su a kanka da Harlequin lover, raɗa da wannan kalmomi cewa Canio kwanan ji a cikin van, inda Nedda da Silvio amince a kan assignation. Canio a Pagliacci rawa, kusa da kansa da bege da kuma kishi, zai fara zuwa Columbine-Nedd da ake bukata don bude sunan ta lover, ta yayi kokarin dariya shi a kashe da kuma wasa da comedy kara boye da ikon yinsa, daga cikin tsoro. Amma Canio ne ba da wani spectacle, da kuma rai. Ya ba bari matarsa daga mataki a cikin wani Fit na fushi da stabs ta da wuka. Mutuwa, Nedda kira wani ƙaunar daya, ya yi tsalle saukar daga kallo bencina, wawa kuma ya kashe shi. Lokacin da girgiza Canio saukad daga hannun wuka, da wawa ya juya zuwa ga masu sauraro tare da kalmomi: "The comedy ne a kan."

Ina so in ce Pechorin?

A yanayin da harafin sunansa ya ƙunshi wani tunani zuwa wani halayyar ya zamanin, kuma ma wani matsanancin gwarzo - Onegin ( "Eugene Onegin" labari da A. S. Pushkina), halin da individualism da kuma babban ruhaniya m. Sharp hankali, mai arziki ciki duniya da lafiya hasken dake fitowa muhimmi a Pechorin bai sami amsa da aikace-aikace, amma saboda "m", guba da haushi na rai na wannan mutumin. Grushnitsky harbi, image da aka halitta a matsayin antithesis adadi na Pechorin, protagonist ne wani kalubale na rayuwa. Abin lura shi ne cewa harafin ce replica ba a Faransa, kamar yadda shi ne al'ada a cikin nobility a wancan lokacin. Wannan ya nuna cewa a cikin kalmomi Pechorin sa m ji - da irony da kuma zafi. Ba zato ba tsammani, kalmar "compactly la comedy" a Faransa sauti: compacte la comédie.

Location Lermontov ta gwarzo dauki wadannan kalmomi

Masu bincike yi imani da cewa Pechorin parodied da kalmomi na Roman sarki Augustus, wanda ya ce a kan deathbed: idan suka samu cewa shi ne daidai buga comedy of rayuwa? Sarauta dauki wani quote daga Italian comedy of masks (commedia Dell arte).

Commedia dell'arte - mutãne wasan kwaikwayo da nuna wasanni a cikin maƙil yankunan birnin. Bayani dalla-dalla da shi shi ne kasancewar wannan masks, sa wanda 'yan wasan kwaikwayo suna canza zuwa m hali - Harlequin Pantalone, Columbine, Tartaglia, da dai sauransu Wani muhimmin alama na wasan kwaikwayo del arte aka improvisation :. Mahalli taka leda a kan wani ba matukar mãkirci zane wanda artists yi hari na lokacin.

Lermontov rubuta cewa, bisa ga labari, babban Faransa marubuci na Renaissance Fransua Rable ce kafin ya mutu kusan guda kalmomi cewa Augustus, fata jaddada cewa dukan rayuwa take da gidan wasan kwaikwayo, "da comedy aka buga saukar da labule." Pechorin matsayin ilimi da kuma da-karanta, ba shakka, zai iya zama sane da wadannan tarihi aukuwa.

Da dabara domin Genre

Wani bayani da dalilin da ya sa jarumi na Lermontov ayyukan iya ce kalmar "Finita la comedy!", Shin zato na adabi cewa labari dogara ne a kan nau'in ban mamaki mataki. Wannan shi ne musamman gaskiya labarin "Princess Maryam," wanda busa da kalmomi. Ga Pechorin, ya rubuta a cikin diary mafi m kuma da dabara lura da kuma ruhaniya motsi, ayyukan kamar yadda wani mai halitta, kuma mai yi da kansa yi. Saboda haka, kalmomin "Finita la comedy!" - shi ne mai leitmotif cewa kayyade ma'anar da labarin-lokaci labarin.

epitaph

A wata ganawa da Pechorin a kan ruwan Grushnitski bayyana a gare shi a Faransa Credo - ba zuwa raina mutane, ya ƙi su, in ba haka ba rai zai zama m farce. Farce - wani na da areal comedy, m kuma ba wuya ta wata manyan hankali. Saboda haka Grushnitski bayyana m sha'awar wuce mutane da m tsoron raini. Pechorin gane da kai-centeredness da posturing. Kuma cewa shi ne mutum wanda bai dace a cikin model na dangantaka da duniya, ya ɓullo a Grushnitsky, kuma ya tsaya a hanya. Saboda ya ma ihu, a tsaye a gefen wani dutse, biyu daga cikinsu da cewa babu wuri a cikin ƙasa, kuma a yanzu ya ce shi da kansa ya raina, kuma yana ƙin Pechorin. Shot Pechorin kawo ƙarshen wannan farce, da play kasa rai gwarzo, ya sauko daga girman kai da fahimtar da su insignificance: "Finita la comedy" Ba tare da wata shakka, wannan sanarwa, da kuma ya shafi kansa. Amma ba za mu iya ce cewa Genre daga cikin play, wanda aka buga fitar a cikin rãyuwar Pechorin - shi ne mai farce. Saboda haka, shi ya sa hankali a ce da magana ke zurfi a cikin darajar epitaphs "a kan kabari" da duk gurbata da ƙarya hanyar kasancewa.

Don dandana Italian kalma

Sadu da kalmar "Finita la comedy!", The darajar wanda shige zuwa cikin tsarin na sama-aka bayyana a hankali, zai iya da yawa a cikin wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu. Ta likita ya ce ASTROFF da rana na tashi na Farfesa Serebryakov da matarsa, Abin mamaki jaddada Wauta na ayukan hutu professorial matar Elena Andreevna (da play A. P. Chehova ta "Uncle Vanya"). A shekaru goma a baya Chekhov amfani da wannan jumlar a cikin play "maraya".

Wannan magana tsaye a cikin suna jami'in Irina Melnikova a kan watsuwar da tsanani, kuma m laifuka. Yana sauti a epilogue da labari Albert Likhanova "Broken Doll" kamar yadda wata matsananciyar kira ga ƙasƙanci da devastation na mutum rayuka. Konstantin Paustovsky yana amfani da wannan kari a cikin shirin labari "The Book of Life. Farkon shekara. " Marubuci Mamin-Siberian ƙaunar wannan magana, mun same shi a cikin littafinsa "Gurasa", "Features na Pepke rayuwa", "Privalov ta Miliyoyin". Akwai ta aiki Pisemsky, Leskov, Ogarev, Bulgakov.

Musamman kamar yadda wannan kari zo dandana aikin jarida. Yana aka yi amfani da marubuta na baya (F. Bulgarin, Shestov da sauransu.), Son ransa ado da articles da kuma babban labarin zamani 'yan jarida.