Gannibal Ivan Abramovich: biography mai-kawun Aleksandra Pushkina

Great-kawun Aleksandra Pushkina Gannibal Ivan Abramovich aka haife shi a arewacin Estonia Manor Karyakyula. Yana ba ya kiyaye cikakken bayani game da ranar da aka haife ya zuwa yau. Mu kawai san yawan (12 Oktoba a kan Gregorian Calendar), amma a shekara daga Malaman tarihi rigima. Wannan shi ne ko dai da 1735 th ko 1736 th ko 1737 th.

asalin

Ivan ya ɗan fari na Abram Petrovich Hannibal - Soja Engineer da Janar-in-Chief. Wannan mutumin (ie, mahaifin kakansa) Aleksandr Pushkin sadaukar da labari "The Arap Petra Mai girma."

Uba Ivan Abramovich, lalle an hankali hade tare da sarki. Ya kasance a Rasha a 1704, bayan da ya kawo Rasha Jakadan a Konstantinoful, Sava Raguzinsky. Abram yana da ɗan wani Afirka sarkin, wanda yake talakansa na Turkish sultan. Ivan sanya wani gagarumin aiki a Rasha. Ya godfather ya kansa Peter I. Godiya ga matsayin mahaifinsa, Gannibal Ivan Abramovich iya ƙidaya a kan wani m nasara a high jama'a.

samuwar

Kamar yadda wani yaro, yaron ya yi karatu a St. Petersburg Marine manyan bindigogi makaranta. Riga a wannan zamani, shi ya bayyana a fili cewa rayuwar zai iya hade tare da soja al'amura. Sa'an nan Gannibal Ivan Abramovich sauke karatu daga Marine Corps gentry. The jami'in ya fara bauta wa a cikin sojan ruwa manyan bindigogi. A 1769, ya samu daraja da tseyhmeystera.

Karuwa faru a farkon gaba Rasha-Turkish yaki na 1768-1774. A wannan yakin, da jiragen ruwa taka musamman muhimmiyar rawa. A St. Petersburg, mun yanke shawarar zuwa Aegean Sea Baltic sojan ruwa rundujar soja masu dawaki, wanda ya kamata ya taimaka da Slavic mutanen Balkans. Haka abin ya fara da tarin tsiburai balaguro, wanda ya samu halartar Ivan Abramovich Hannibal. Rayuwa hanyar kai shi zuwa ga mafi tsananin gwajin, wanda ya ƙayyade dukan gaba hanya na wani aiki jami'in.

Da farko tarin tsiburai Fe

Yin yawo a cikin Aegean Sea ya unprecedented. Gannibal Ivan Abramovich, kamar takwarorinsa, yana da wani kwarewa da irin wannan manyan sikelin-floats. Tare da hanyar da jiragen ruwa sun 'yan hadari. Breakage yi gyara a kan Go. A daya hannun, Hannibal ya fi m fiye da wasu daga cikin crews wasu jiragen ruwa. Alal misali, mafi yawan iko jirgin "Svyatoslav" da aka yayyo, saboda wanda ya yi komawa zuwa Revel. Bugu da kari, da rundujar soja masu dawaki fama da cututtuka. Lokacin da balaguro kai Denmark, malaise Ya buga game da mutane 300. 50 matuƙan mutu gaba ɗaya.

Overall umurnin a hannun Admiral Gregory Spiridova. Ivan Abramovich Hannibal ya kasance daya daga cikin wadanda jami'an da suke shugabanci balaguro a kan isowa a cikin Aegean Sea da aka je amince muhimmanci manufa. Spiridov dauki shi tare da shi a lokacin da jiragen ruwa tare da marasa lafiya ya zauna a cikin Denmark. Daya daga wannan aiki a watan Fabrairu 1770, ya saukowa a cikin Peloponnese. Ivan Abramovich Hannibal bai shiga a cikin shi, a shirye su maimaita wani abu irin wannan a nan gaba.

Ku yi yaƙi domin Navarino

Duk da yake mafi yawan jiragen ruwa na rundujar soja masu dawaki da hankali a kan shelling muhimmanci Fort Crown, Hannibal tafi zuwa ga tudu, a hayin na Peloponnese. A karkashin umurnin su ne battleships "Three Saints" da "San Gennaro" da kuma jirgin ruwa mai filafilai "Saint Nicholas." Wannan detachment ya da mutane 300, da kuma 'yan bindiga daga yawan kewaye manyan bindigogi. Jirãge kusata da Turkiyya sansanin soja na Navarino. Afrilu 10, 1770 ya fara da kewaye.

A cikin wannan shirin, a cikin 'yan kwanaki, da lambar da 21, kusa da ganuwar da makiya komai a fili sojojin Rasha. Ya umarce su, su duka guda Birgediya sojan ruwa manyan bindigogi Ivan Abramovich Hannibal. A biography wannan mutumin a matsayin soja da aka fi sani shi ne wannan mai daraja episode. Navarino bombardment dade kwana shida. Bayan da sansanin soja da aka dauka ta Rasha ta tawagar. Troopers sun iya kama mai yawa na makamai, bindigogi, rokoki da kuma daruruwan fam na gunpowder maƙiyi. Shan Navarino yarda da Rasha Navy don samun wani m bay, wanda housed ta lokaci tushe.

A Chesme Bay

Yuli 5, 1770 Gannibal Ivan Abramovich (1736-1801) ya dauki bangare a wani muhimmanci yakin yaki da Turkey. A kan Hauwa'u na da Rasha sojojin ruwa gano da dama Turkish jiragen ruwa anchored a cikin bay na Cesme a gabar yammacin kasar Malaya Aziya gaban Chios. Umurnin yanke shawarar yaki da abokan gaba.

Ivan Hannibal aka bai wa aikin shirya 'yan wuta-jirãge (jiragen ruwa, cushe da bama-bamai da kuma flammable abubuwa). A mafi muhimmanci lokacin da yaki da wadannan tasoshin da aka aiko zuwa ga bay, jiha tare da abokan frigates da galleys. A Turks sun yanke shawarar cewa suna kusanta Rasha majalisar. Wannan kuskure ne a yarda ya sa wuta a kotu da kuma sa rundunar motoci na Ottoman Empire tsanani lalacewa. A yaƙin ya lashe, kuma Hannibal sanya ga nasarar wannan babbar gudunmawar.

'yan shekarun nan

Bayan da yaki, Ivan Hannibal zama Major General. A 1778 ya aka umurce su da su kafa wani sabon Black Sea tashar jiragen ruwa na Kherson. A shirin mallakar sosai Empress Catherine II. Ivan Abramovich ya jagoranci halittar musamman kungiyoyin na ma'aikatan, don gina wani birni daga karce. Bayan shekaru uku, a wani wõfintattu yawa ya riga Wharf, wani sansanin soja da wata ƙungiyar sojojin, bariki, gidajensu, arsenal, jefa gidan da sauransu. D. A tashar jiragen ruwa ya zama m parking yankin domin soja da kuma m jiragen ruwa. Hannibal ya yi yawa zuwa garin janyo hankalin ba kawai Rasha mulkin mallaka, amma kuma da Helenawa da Italiya.

A 1780, Ivan Abramovich samu wani babban yanki na ƙasar (10 dubu da gona wajen kadada). Its jihar da kuma soja aiki ƙare prematurely saboda wani rikici da aka fi so daga cikin Empress Grigoriem Potemkinym. A 1784 Hannibal da daraja na shugaban janar murabus. Daga baya, ya rayu a nan ya Estate kusa St. Petersburg. A dangi na Aleksandra Pushkina ya mutu a kan Oktoba 12, 1801. Ya kasance mai bai bar 'ya'ya da takardun shaidar.