Hadayu na aman wuta a Kamchatka: description, tarihi, ban sha'awa facts

A kudu, a kan Kamchatka Gorelinskom rabo ne mai aiki aman wuta kone. Shi ne mai memba na Kudu-Kamchatsky shakatawa. Na biyu sunan - ya ƙone tuddai. Wannan na musamman na halitta abin tunawa ne located 75 kilomita daga Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

labarin

Kusan arba'in shekara dubu da suka wuce a kan site na ba aman wuta garkuwa aman wuta located babban size, wanda aka kira da bigiren wuta. A diamita karkashi wuce talatin kilomita. Ƙarƙashin da kansa nauyi da kokuwa kashi ƙarshe kika aika, da kuma kafa wani caldera 10 x 14 km. A tsara shi, ta hanyar ragowar da wani tsoho mai aman wuta, shi ne a kananan m kunya.

Shigowa ci gaba daga kasa na caldera kafa ta hanyar sarkar na craters. Suna lebur a saman juna, da kuma girma sannu a hankali garwaya Cones. Wannan shi ne yadda wani zamani tsararru na elongated, wanda aka rufe da slag, yashi, kuma lawa yadudduka.

Shigowa ci gaba har sai da yawa daga baya. Kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sun rubuta a shekarar 1986. Ash plume sa'an nan ya miƙa daga kone Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky ta hanyar Avacha Bay. Sai ya zama mai sabon abu gani: daga ƙasar zuwa birnin miƙa al'amudin baki hayaki.

Yau hadayu aman wuta (Kamchatka) yana da wani "haihuwa gini", wanda yake rufe da wani yanki daga fiye da 650 kilomita. Yana lullube da headwaters na gudãna Paratunka fats Asacha aman wuta da aman wuta.

description aman wuta

Kone aiki aman wuta, wanda tsayinsa ne 1829 mita, an located in kudu da sashin. Ya aka wakilta biyu gine-gine: tsohuwar garkuwa-dimbin yawa, saman wanda aka lashe trinadtsatikilometrovoy caldera, kazalika da zamani, wanda shi ne wani hadadden stratovolcano.

Modern gini, wani yanki na 150 sq. km, an located in tsakiyar caldera. An yafi hada da lavas da balzatovogo andezitbalzatovogo irin. Wannan ginin da yayi kama da irin Hawaiian volcanism, duk da haka, ta saman da aka firam da sarkar na craters, da kuma a kan gangara akwai talatin cinder Cones tare da ƙarfafa lawa.

A tsarin da tsararru

Ridge tsawon game da uku kilomita a cikin hadaddun sarkar kunshi goma sha craters. Duk wannan shi ne wani aman wuta kone. Ya cikakken suna nuna halin yanzu tsarin da aman wuta - kone Ridge.

Wannan tsararru aka kafa a jamsin na volcanic tsaunuka. A cikin sararin expanses na gangara da aka kafa tabkuna, zafi gas fumarole kuma kusan hamsin slag Cones.

gabas bakin dutse

Da dama craters kama rijiyoyin, ne waɗanda a cikin abin da m da eruptions sun faru, a yau cike da acidic tabkuna. Wadannan sun hada da Gabas bakin dutse. Its kasa ne size da rabin kilomita daukan zurfi blue lake. An kewaye da m cliffs dvuhsotmetrovuyu. Sashe na an rufe ta iyo kankara.

A fasalin da wannan bakin dutse iya kira da ikon canza ta "halayyar" a lokacin volcanic aiki. Lokacin da ruwa a cikin tafkin ne blue, duniya ta ciki sanyi. Idan ya zo ga aman wuta predaktivnoe jihar, lake a zahiri "marurai", canje-canje da siffar da launi.

The aiki bakin dutse

Gorely ne wani ban mamaki bakin dutse. Shi ne ake kira Active. Its kasa da aka cika da cikakken acid lake orange, kuma ta taso kan ruwa gaci fumaroles. Wannan bakin dutse yana da mazurari siffar wanda diamita ne 250 mita. bakin dutse zurfin - mita 200.

Saukarsa shi ne m saboda ganuwar ta niƙẽwa, da kuma iska ne tare da cikakken sulfur m gas.

West bakin dutse

A kasa na bakin dutse gleiser rufe, wanda ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa wani rafi. Yana gudana a cikin arewa maso yammacin ɓangare na caldera, forming dama kananan waterfalls.

silinda

Ban sha'awa da kuma bakin dutse da irin wannan sabon abu da sunan. An ayi a kudancin kafaɗar aman wuta, yana akai madauwari siffar. Its diamita ne 40 m.

bakin dutse ta gida

Yana da irin dukan "iyali". A kasa na zamanin da bakin dutse ne biyu matasa: kunkuntar tsaguwa na bakin dutse, samu da sunan saboda elongated siffar, da kuma zurfi.

Lawa gudana burgundy, fashe daga lokaci zuwa lokaci kasa na caldera, an rufe shi da baki volcanic yashi, - ta yi bada alama na wani aman wuta ƙonawa da haɗari, amma a lokaci guda mamaki da kyau wuri.

Filato

Babu kasa ban sha'awa shi ne da tudu da aman wuta. Shi ne kusan bã tãre da ciyayi. The kawai ware ne low tundra ganye. Nan a kan surface akwai tsoho lawa gudana, m launi, wanda fashe a ƙarƙashin rinjayar lokaci.

Wannan hoto a kan da yawa yawon bude ido mutumi ne da ubangijinsa up tunani na m Mars. Da alama cewa a wannan duniyar tamu da wannan kawai ba zai iya zama.

kogo

Fiye da shekara dubu biyu da suka wuce, da ya kwarara daga zubi lawa wajen, kafa da aiki shigowa halitta dutse m filayen, wanda aka located zuwa arewacin mai aman wuta. A babba Layer na lawa lokaci zuwa solidify a lokacin da ya kwarara, da kuma ci gaba da ciki kwarara.

A sakamakon wannan halitta sabon abu da aka sani a yau kafa lawa kogwanni aman wuta kone. Karshen mako yawon shakatawa da ake shirya daga Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, don haka kowa da kowa zai iya gani da wadannan na musamman Tsarin.

Gaba daya aman wuta hadayu ne goma sha huɗu kogwanni. Suna da kankara "kasa" da kuma domed vaults. Su tsawon jeri daga goma sha shida zuwa daya ɗari da arba'in da mita. Don dubawa yawon bude ido ne yanzu kawai shida na su.

eruptions

A lokacin da na karshe rabin karni da aman wuta ya barke kone kawai, har sau bakwai. A karshen karni na karshe an rubuta kawai rauni eruptions da suke da su saki babban adadin gas, yashi da toka. Last aiki shi ne a cikin bazara na shekara ta 2010. Yana tsokani wani digo a cikin matakin da tabkuna, shakka daga ƙasa, kuma tururi da kima. Sun kasance bayyane ko a Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.

Kusan kowace shekara ashirin ƙonawa nuna masa ban mamaki iko da ƙarfi, spewing lawa gudana a farfajiya da kona, wanda ya miƙa a kan wani nesa na goma kilomita. Kuma ko da a lokacin lull a cikin tsararru ne halin da matukar aiki fumarole aiki.

Hawa da aman wuta ƙonawa

Daya-rana tafiya zuwa aman wuta ƙonawa - sauki amma ba karshe m yawon shakatawa na rana. Zai kawo mai yawa tashin hankali da kuma mai girma photos. Shirya gangamin na Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky ake nufi domin yawon bude ido da dukan zamanai. Yana iya shiga, ko da yara da kuma mutane daban-daban tare da jiki horo.

Domin hawa ba ka bukatar hawa kayan aiki da horo na musamman. Af, hawa na aman wuta ƙonawa kanka, kuma, za a iya sa. Petropavlovsk hanya za ka iya isa caldera wata aman wuta hadayu (daga tsakiyar watan Yuli).

A yawon shakatawa daukan wata rana. A cikin hau kanta, kazalika da zuriya iya daukar har zuwa awa shida. Road to Caldera daukan 3 zuwa 4 hours. Yana dogara a kan gaban snow da kuma lura da yanayi.

A sarari weather daga saman wani aman wuta ƙonawa yawon bude ido iya lokaci guda ga dama dadaddun da kuma aiki volcanoes: Mutnovsky Zhirovsky, Asacha, Vilyuchinsky, Opala, kudu - Priomysh, Khodutka, Ilyinsky, Zheltovsky da arewa -Arik, Aag, Avachinskiy, Koryak, da dai sauransu - kungiya Zhupanovsky volcanoes Dzendzur, volcanoes Tolmachevo Dale.

Travel Tips

1. Idan kana da wani shirin tafiya zuwa aman wuta ƙonawa, zaton a gaba game da itace. A site samun su ka iya ba. Itace iya maye gurbin wani gas kuka.
2. Gafala da zabi wani tanti - shi dole ne a ci gaba da. A cikin yankin na aman wuta iskõki ne quite karfi.
3. Nature a cikin wannan yanki shi ne sosai m, saboda haka na gida furanni mafi alhẽri kawai ji dadin shan hotuna, amma ba karya su, da kuma 'yan Lawn da ciyawa kamata ba a yi amfani domin a campfire.