Ice Ziyarar Kornilov sojojin. Ice Maris na gudummuwar Army

A juyin juya halin Musulunci events cewa ya faru a Rasha daga watan Fabrairu zuwa Oktoba 1917, kusan halakar da mai sarauta kuma ya kai ga swagger na yakin basasa. Ganin irin wannan mawuyacin hali a kasar, da ragowar daga gidan sarauta, sojojin yanke shawarar hada da kokarin mayar dogara ikon domin gudanar da wani soja mataki ba kawai a kan Bolsheviks, amma kuma ya kare da motherland kan encroachments na waje tsokana.

Da samuwar da gudummuwar Army

Tattara abubuwa masu kyau sau da yawa yakan faru a kan tushen da ake kira Alexis kungiyar, farko na aiki wanda da dama a kan rana ta isowa daga cikin general. Shi ne a girmama da kuma a cikin wannan hadaka aka mai suna. Wannan taron ya faru a Novocherkassk 2 (15) Nuwamba 1917

Makonni shida, daga baya, a watan Disamba na wannan shekara, wani taro na musamman da aka tattara. Yana da aka samu halartar wakilai, na Moscow karkashin jagorancin generals. A hakika, tambaya a kan rarraba ayyuka a cikin management na sojojin tsakanin Kornilov da Alekseev. A sakamakon haka, aka yanke shawarar zuwa cikakken soja ikon auku daga farko generals. Samuwar sassa da kuma kawo su cikin cikakken fama shiri da aka sanya wa Janar Staff, karkashin jagorancin Laftanar-Janar S. L. Markov.

A Kirsimeti lokaci da sojojin sanar da domin ya shiga umurnin sojojin Janar Kornilov. Daga wannan lokacin shi a hukumance ya zama sananne a matsayin gudummuwar.

A halin da ake ciki a cikin Don

Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa sabon kafa Army of General Kornilov gaggawa da ake bukata a goyi bayan Don Cossacks. Amma shi bai taba samu. Haka kuma, Bolsheviks fara damfara da zobe kewayen biranen Rostov kuma Novocherkassk, da kuma gudummuwar Army aka gaggãwa ciki da shi, cike take da turjiyar da wahala babbar asara. Bayan rasa da goyon bayan da Don Cossacks, Kwamandan dakarun Janar Kornilov, 9 (22) A kan Fabrairu Don yanke shawarar barin da kuma je kauyen Olginskaya. Haka abin ya fara da Ice Maris 1918.

A yi watsi da Rostov mutane da yawa kayan, harsasai da kuma bawo, kazalika da likita Stores, kuma ma'aikatan - duk da cewa haka ake bukata kananan sojojin tsaron yanki, zuwa ga birnin. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa yayin da babu Alekseev kuma Kornilov ba tukuna koma ga tilasta janyo ra'ayoyin jama'a da kuma kwace dukiya.

kauyen Olginskaya

Ice Maris na gudummuwar Army ta fara reorganization. Isa a kauyen Olginskaya, da sojojin suka rabu 3 dakaru rajimanti: Guerrilla, Kornilov buga da pivot-jami'in. A 'yan kwanaki daga baya da masu sa kai bar ƙauyen da koma zuwa ga Ekaterinodar. Ya na farko Kuban Ice yaƙin neman zaɓe, wanda ya faru ta hanyar da Chomutov, Kagalnitskaya da Egorlykskaya kauyen. Army taƙaice shiga cikin ƙasa na Stavropol lardin, sa'an nan kuma sake-shigar da Kuban yankin. Cikin dukanin ta hanyar sa kai ne kullum lokuta na arangama da Red Army. A hankali Kornilovites darajõji thinned, kuma a kowace rana sai suka zama kasa da kasa.

m labarai

1 (14) A kan Maris da Red Army ya aiki Ekaterinodar. A ranar kafin, Kanar VLPokrovsky da dakarun bar birnin, wanda aka sosai wahalad da riga wajen wuya halin da ake ciki na sa kai. Jita-jita cewa Reds shagaltar Ekaterinodar zuwa Kornilov zo gobe, a lokacin da dakarun kasance a kan warware tashar, amma ba su hašawa yawa muhimmancin. Bayan kwanaki 2 a kauyen Korenovskaya wanda ya dauki masu sa kai a sakamakon wani m yaƙi, suka sami daya daga cikin dakunan da Soviet jarida. Akwai, an bayar da rahoton cewa Bolsheviks gaske dauki Ekaterinodar.

Samu labarai gaba daya devalued Kuban Ice yaƙin neman zaɓe, a lokacin da kome aka biya daruruwan rayuka. Janar Kornilov yanke shawarar ba kai sojojinsa su Ekaterinodar kuma ka kau da kudu da kuma haye Kuban. Ya shirya ya huta da sojojin a cikin Circassian kauyuka da kuma Cossack dutsen kauyuka da kuma kadan jira. Wannan shawarar Kornilov, Denikin kira "wani m kuskure" da kuma, tare da Romanovsky kokarin dissuade da sojojin na wannan kamfani. Amma da janar ya unmoved.

Haša sojojin

A cikin dare daga 5 zuwa 6 Maris Kornilov Army Ice yakin neman ci gaba a cikin wani kudancin shugabanci. Bayan kwanaki 2, da masu sa kai suka haye Elbe, ya tafi Maikop, amma ya juya daga cewa a cikin wannan yanki, kowane gona ya kamata a dauka a kan yãƙi. Saboda haka, janar abruptly juya yamma da kuma haye kogin White, garzaya zuwa Circassian auls. A nan, ya yi fatan ba kawai ka huta da sojojinsa, amma kuma a haɗa tare da Kuban sojojin Pokrovsky.

Amma kamar yadda kwanan nan data on da motsi na da gudummuwar Army kanar ba, sai ya daina zuwa ƙoƙari ya karya, ta hanyar zuwa Maikop. Basil yanke shawarar juya ga Kuban River da kuma haɗa da sojojin na Kornilov, wanda ya riga ya gudanar ya tsere daga can. A sakamakon wannan rikice, da ƙungiya biyu suka haɗu - Kuban da gudummuwar - ƙoƙarin sami juna a bazuwar. A karshe a kan Maris 11, da suka yi nasara.

Village Novodmitrievskaya: Ice Ziyarar

Shi ne a cikin Maris 1918. Shan azaba kullum kilomita na zanga da kuma fadace-fadace ya raunana sojoji ya je ta da danko sosai baki duniya, kamar yadda yanayin ba zato ba tsammani ya juya bad, ya fara ruwa. Ya aka maye gurbinsu da sanyi, don haka kumbura daga ruwan sama da sojoji 'kayan sun zama zahiri daskare. Bugu da kari, sharply colder daga duwãtsu, kuma kika aika da yawa snow. A zazzabi kika aika zuwa -20 ⁰S. Kamar yadda daga baya ya shaida wa mahalarta da kuma shaidu daga waɗanda events, da rauni wanda aka hawa a kan kuraye, da yamma da samun kashe tare da bayonets kafa a kusa da su ta hanyar wani lokacin farin ciki kankara ɓawon burodi.

Dole ne in ce cewa zuwa top shi duka, a cikin tsakiyar watan Maris, har yanzu akwai wani m gamuwa da cewa gangara a tarihi a matsayin yaƙi a kauyen Novodmitrievskaya inda musamman rarrabe mayakan Summary-sanda na rajimanti. Daga baya, a karkashin lakabi "Ice Maris" fara fahimtar wannan yaƙi, kazalika da gabanin da kuma biye da shi a kan mulki, an rufe shi da kankara ɓawon burodi steppe.

Shiga na kwangila

Bayan yakin a kauyen Novodmitrievskoy soja samuwar, da Kuban ya samarwa hada shi a cikin gudummuwar Army a kan hakkin m fada da karfi. A musayar, suka yi alkawarin su ba da taimako ga ƙari kuma wadata sojojin. A irin wannan yanayi nan da nan ya amince da Janar Kornilov. Ice yakin neman ci gaba, da kuma karfin soji ya karu zuwa 6 da dubu. Man.

Agaji sun yanke shawarar sake don zuwa babban birnin kasar na Kuban - Ekaterinodar. Duk da yake ma'aikatan jami'an yi aiki daga shirin na aiki, dakarun sake shirya zanen kuma dadin yayin fada da kashe da yawa kai hare-hare na Bolsheviks.

Ekaterinodar

Ice Ziyarar Kornilov Army da aka kusa kammala. Maris 27 (Afrilu 9) masu sa suka haye kogi. Kuban da karfe hadari Ekaterinodar. City ta kare 20000th sojojin ja, umarta ta Sorokin da kuma cin gashin. Ƙoƙarin kama Ekaterinodar kasa, haka ma, bayan kwana 4 saboda wani fadan bazuwar harsashi aka kashe Janar Kornilov. Da aikinsu ya hau kan Denikin.

Dole ne in ce cewa gudummuwar Army suka yi jihãdi a cikin cikakken yanayi tare da m yanayi a sau da yawa da Red Army sojojin. Loss yanzu Denikin aka game da 4 da ɗari kashe da kuma 1.5 dubu. Rauni. Amma, duk da wannan, general duk da haka gudanar da su janye sojoji daga cikin yanayi na River Don.

Afrilu 29 (May 12) tare da saurã daga Denikin sojojinsa ya zo da kudu na Don yankin zuwa yankin Walk-Borisovka - Mechetinsky - Egorlytskaya, kashegari kuma yin yawo Ice Kornilov, wanda daga baya ya zama wani labari na White motsi, aka kammala.

Siberian mika mulki

Winter 1920 a karkashin mãsu alãma daga makiya ya fara da mãsu bãyar da bãya daga cikin Eastern Front, umarta ta Admiral Kolchak. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan aiki da ya faru, kazalika da yin yawo Kornilov sojojin, a karkashin mafi wuya yanayin da yanayin yanayi. Hawan Doki kari tsawon game da 2 da dubu. Km gudu tare da hanya na Novonikolaevsk da Barnaul da Chita. Ya aka kira "The Siberian Ice yakin" tsakanin sojan na White Army.

Wannan wuya mika mulki fara Nuwamba 14, 1919, lokacin da wani ɓangare na White Army bar Omsk. Sojojin karkashin jagorancin V. O. Kappelya tattara tare da Trans-Siberian Railway, dauke da rauni echelons. A zahiri a kan dugadugansa na su ke bi da Red Army. Bugu da ƙari kuma, halin da ake ciki an kara wuya da yawa tarzoma, walƙiya a raya, kazalika da hare-haren da daban-daban gangs da yaƙin kungiyoyin. Don top shi duka, aka ninkawa ma lyutymi Siberian frosts.

Duk da yake cikin jirgin sarrafawa da Czechoslovak Corps, don haka Janar Kappel sojojin da aka tilasta su bar cikin motoci da kuma canja wurin da seleji. Bayan haka, fadar White Army ya zama wata katuwar a size sleigh ayarin.

Lokacin da fata zo zuwa Krasnoyarsk, birnin tayar sojojin karkashin umurnin Janar Bronislaw Zinevych wanda ya yi amana da Bolsheviks. Ya Kappel bukaci su yi daidai ba, amma ya ƙi. A farkon Janairu 1920 ya faru a 'yan wata gaba, bayan da fiye da dubu 12. Fata ya tafi kusa da Krasnoyarsk, ya haye kogin Yenisei da suka tafi a kan wa gabas. Aƙalla guda yawan sojojin ya zaɓi ya mika wuya birnin sansanin.

Barin Krasnoyarsk, sojojin da aka raba ginshikan. Da farko umurce K. Sakharov, wanda dakarun tafiya tare da reluwe waƙoƙi da Siberian karauka. A karo na biyu shafi ci gaba da Maris karkashin jagorancin Ice Kappel. Ta koma ta farko tare da Yenisei River, sa'an nan tare da kogin Kan. Wannan sauyin da aka fi wuya da kuma m. Gaskiyar cewa p. Kang aka rufe da wata Layer na snow kuma a karkashin shi suna gudãna ruwa daskarewa kafofin. Kuma yana da 35 digiri kasa sifili! A soja ya matsar kusa a cikin duhu, kuma kullum fada a cikin rami a cikin kankara, kaucewa ganuwa a karkashin dusar ƙanƙara thicker. Da yawa daga cikinsu bayar da umarnin rike kuma kasance maƙaryaci ne, da kuma sauran sojoji su matsa a kan.

A wannan miƙa mulki, ya juya waje cewa, Janar Kappel frostbitten ƙafafunsa, fadowa cikin masu ɗaci. Ya tiyata ga reshe yanki da aka yi. Bugu da kari, daga hypothermia, ya fadi rashin lafiya da ciwon huhu. A tsakiyar Janairu 1920 White kama Kansk. Ashirin-ranar farko ta wannan watan, da Mamallakin da Rasha Bolsheviks Kolchak Czechs bayar. Bayan kwanaki 2, riga wani mutuwa janar Kappel tattara shawarar Army Staff. An yanke shawarar kai Irkutsk hadari da kuma 'yanto Kolchak. Janairu 26 Kappel mutu kuma Ice yakin karkashin jagorancin Janar Wojciechowski.

Tun da gabatarwa da White Army a Irkutsk da aka da ɗan jinkiri saboda m yãƙi, ya dauki amfani da Lenin, wanda bayar da umurni don a harba Kolchak. Ya aka kashe ranar 7 ga Fabrairu. Koyo da wannan, general ƙi Wojciechowski wanda ya zama yanzu m Irkutsk hari. Bayan haka, da sojojin ketare Baikal da kuma a tashar. Mysovaya ɗora Kwatancen duk rauni, da marasa lafiya da mata da yara a cikin jiragen kasa. A wasu ci gaba da girma Siberian Ice Maris zuwa Chita, wanda shi ne game da ɗari shida kilomita. Kamar yadda suka shiga garin a farkon Maris 1920.

Lokacin da motsi ya kan, Janar Wojciechowski kafa wani sabon lambar yabo - "Gama Great Siberian Maris." Su aka bayar ga duk wanda ya halarci shi shugabanni da sojoji. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa wannan waki'a mai tarihin gaske a 'yan shekaru da suka wuce sama-sama tunãtar da mambobi ne na m kungiyar "Kalinov Bridge". "Ice Maris" - ya sunan wani album gaba ɗaya kwazo ga mãsu bãyar da bãya daga cikin sojojin na Kolchak a Siberia.