Kamar yadda Rasha ta zama Rasha? Kamar yadda Rasha ta zama guda most kasa?

An sani cewa Yaroslav Mudry, ba da 'yarsa Anna ga Faransa Sarki ya ba ta sadaki na wani littafin a kan katako, Allunan, wanda aka yi imanin sun tsira zuwa yau. A cikin wani hali, ta aka barrantar up a kan takarda. Yana da aka kira "The Book of Veles" da kuma gaya mana game da sau kafin Rurik daular. An zaci cewa ta aika da wannan littafi zuwa Turai, Yaroslav so ka gaya al'adun Turai na tsohon tarihin Rasha. Bisa ga littafin na Veles, a Rasha dogon lokaci da suka wuce akwai wani tseren Bohumír, wanda ya biyar yara, ciki har da 'ya'yan Seva da Rus, daga wanda ya tafi zuwa ga' yan Arewa da kuma Rusich. Zai yiwu shi ne farkon yadda Rasha ta zama Rasha, a matsayin labari yana da wani namiji sunan daga tushen "Rus", wanda sai ya kafa tushen da sunan "Rus" jiha.

Kungiyoyin kwadago a Rasha sun kabilan da kuma Rurik

"The Book of Veles" ya akai-akai ya nuna cewa, Rasha a matsayin jam'iyya na Slavic (da yiwu wasu) kabilu wanzu tun lokacin da. A wannan wallafe-wallafen aikin yana da links to sosai tsoho events lokacin protorusskie kabilan tafi Misira, ya rayu a cikin Carpathian Mountains, kai da yankin ba-rana China, da sauransu. Saboda haka, ka yi la'akari da tambaya na yadda Rasha ta zama Rasha, ka iya ba tun kwanakin Rurik, amma tare da baya .

Duk da haka, da zamani tarihi yi imanin cewa, shugaban na Varangian gadi ya zama na farko wanda sõyayya da Slavonic kabilu a tsawon yakin jayayya da kai hare-hare na waje makiya (a 862 AD). An zaci cewa ya jikan Novgorod Prince (dan sarkin 'yar), wanda ya gayyace shi zuwa sarauta a Novgorod dangane da mawuyacin hali da kuma nasu tsufa. Saboda haka, ka'idar cewa Rasha halitta Scandinavians dauke ba sosai m. Idan muka juya zuwa "Littafi na Veles", za ka iya samun tunani da gaskiyar cewa zamanin d marubuta ba su yi la'akari Rurik Rusich, suka yi imani da cewa ikonsa ya nuna ta hanyar tashin hankali. Zai yiwu marubuta daga cikin littafin nasa ne da Slavic kabilu, takaddama da Novgorod, wanda Rurik ikon, wanda kuma an yi ĩmãni da aka yi masa baftisma bisa ga Hadisin Kirista, ya ke so.

Kamar yadda Rasha ya zama Maritime ikon?

Da farko da Rasha jihar shi a tarin ƙauyuka tare da cinikayya hanyoyi "daga Vikings ga Helenawa", wanda ya taimaka don sarrafa Rurik da retinue. A tsakiyar wannan kusan-samuwar sun Kiev da Novgorod. Aƙalla 8-9 ƙarni na mu zamanin ya fara ci gaban yankuna a Jamhuriyar Rasha (tsakanin Volga da Oka), wanda a karnoni ya kasance mun gwada periphery na Kievan Rus. Bayan da Mongol mamayar (13th karni), da darajar da ƙasa ta ƙara, kuma akwai wani sabon cibiyar - Moscow, a kusa da wanda ya fara wani sabon lokaci na bunqasar a cikin yankuna Duchy na Moscow. Mazauna jihar na ilimi halarci gano sabon asashe, ciki har da na sama kai na cikin Kama River, da tekun na Pechora, Northern Dvina, fadar White Sea. Za mu iya cewa a cikin waɗannan kwanaki Rasha jihar shi a teku iko, duk da haka, a cikin ruwan ba tare da wani aiki ciniki na kasa da kasa hanyoyi.

Fourth nasarar John (Ivan da Munin) a cikin Accession ƙasa

A 1380 da Moscow sojojin ci mangolawa, da kuma wani bayan shekara ɗari a cikin Ugra kogin gaba daya kuranye Rasha ƙasar daga waje karkiya. A wannan lokaci, daya daga cikin Rasha ƙasar An riga an hada da Rzhev, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, Veliky Ustyug da sauransu. Wannan shi ne yadda za Rasha ya zama irin wannan babban kasa ne riga a cikin waɗancan kwanaki. Local nasarar da wanda ya riga ya karfafa da zarar mai mulkin Rus - Fourth Ivan (da Munin). Ya shiga cikin Moscow sararin ƙasar Holdings na Kazan kuma Astrakhan Khanate. Ya bar for zurriyar manustkript a cikinsa, watakila karo na farko ne da sunan "Rasha" siffa a Old Slavonic harshe. Wannan daftarin aiki ne na farko sakon Ivana Groznogo da Prince Andreya Kurbskogo, wanda ya sanya hannu a matsayin "hada a Mulkin idi birnin Rasha, Moscow, ta huxu na Yuli 7072, a lokacin rani na sararin samaniya." Wata kila wannan shi ne yadda za Rasha ya zama Rasha a cikin sunan. Ko da yake shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa suna da na biyu wasika zuwa ga Munin Kurbsky sarki ya bayyana a matsayin wani sarki, da Grand Duke "BCEAO Rousseau," cewa shi ne, kamar yadda da take daga cikin shakka shi ne "Rasha" da "Rasha".

The most kasa a duniya

A nan gaba, da Rasha jihar domin ƙarni na ci gaba da kara da farko da ƙasa. Rasha tsars kafin Ivan IV gudanar da hašawa zuwa data kasance dũkiyarku Pskov da Ryazan ƙasar. A Grand Duchy na Lithuania da aka zaba da kuma koma zuwa sama da kai na da Oka da Vyazma. A farkon 16th karni a cikin sama ɓangare na Muscovy shiga Yammacin Dvina, kuma dukan tasa na Desna kogin, da kuma shi ya zama mafi girma a kasar a cikin wadanda sau da shi ne zuwa wannan rana. A cikin 80s na 16th karni fara aiki ci gaban Siberia. Akwai aka kafa a birnin Tomsk, Tobolsk, Tyumen da Mangazeya, amma ƙasa, sakamakon a cikin Baltic Amurka a sakamakon da Livonian War, suka kasance rasa ta karshen zamanin Yahaya Munin.

Kamar yadda Rasha ya zama wani babban kasa? Ya kamata a lura da cewa ci gaban da mafi yawan sabon ƙasar da aka mafi yawa lumana, saboda Siberian ƙasashe aka sanaki gwada da rare, da kuma mutanen da a can bayan zuwa na Cossacks fara rayayye dauki, misali, furs a musayar kaya na wani mataki na wayewa (makamai, da dai sauransu .. ). Amma da tarihin kasarmu shi ne mai arziki a cikin soja kabilanci a ci gaban yawanci yammacin yankuna da kuma kama wasu gabashin kasashen. A cikin goma sha bakwai karni, Rasha rasa a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na ƙasar a cikin Smolensk da Chernihiv samu, duk da haka, a cikin 50s na wannan karni da Hagu-Bank Ukraine da kuma Zaporozhye. A 1620-50-ies Kanmu wani mataki mai tsalle a gaban Siberia - Rasha zo na farko a kan tekun na Yenisei River, sa'an nan Tekun Okhotsk. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa sun sha'awar wannan tambaya na yadda Rasha ta zama daular.

The sarki mulki da wani daular

An yi imani da cewa wannan taron ya faru a zamanin mulkin Peter Mai girma, wanda ya dauki sunan sarki a cikin 1721 a request na Majalisar Dattijan, bayan nasarar a Arewa War. Bisa ga sakamakon da soja yaƙin neman zaɓe, wanda dade daga 1700 zuwa 1721 a cikin Rasha jihar zo Karelia, Izhora da Estonia, da Livonia, da kudancin Finnish ƙasar zuwa Vyborg, kafa birnin St. Petersburg. Bitrus ya kafa cinikayya tare da kasashen Turai, kuma ya sanya teku ikon kasar, wannan lokaci a cikin yana kokarin muhimmanci yankin.

Chukchi al'umma gaza lashe - sun shiga kansu

Bayan Rasha ya zama wani daular, ta yankin "ci" ne kawai girma. Domin lokacin daga 1723 zuwa 1732, a ta bangare na Caspian Sea ne ƙasar. A lokaci guda ya fara da ci gaban da Altai ƙasar a kan kogin Yaik. A twenties na karni, da Rasha, Empire aikin shiga al'umman Chukchi (a baya ba su iya lashe Rasha Cossacks sau uku), to, Kamchatka, da Kuril Islands. A cikin rabi na biyu na karni na sha takwas a sakamakon Rasha-Turkish wars na Empire sami Tekun Azov, da Crimea, Black Sea yankin, da kuma bayan bangare na Poland - Lithuania, Belarus, Kurland da Arewa-Western Ukraine. A karshen karni da Rasha ɓangare na shiga na Kazakhstan, Alaska da kuma Kudu Altai.

A karni na sha tara - matsakaicin yanki

A cikin karni na sha tara, Rasha da biyu increment da kuma asarar yankuna. Kamar yadda Rasha ta zama Rasha a yau a cikin ra'ayi na events? By da "saye" na cewa lokaci sun hada da Accession na Finland, Dagestan, Bessarabia, kashi na Poland, yammacin Georgia. Sa'an nan a Rasha ƙasar hada da Armenia, da wani ɓangare na yankuna na Azerbaijan da kuma wani "rabo" na Kazakh ƙasashe (watau. N. Senior Jousse). A cikin rabi na biyu na karni, da Rasha, Empire kai ta matsakaicin tarihi rabbai - shi ya hada da Arewa Caucasus, Central Asia, kashi na Xinjiang (dan lokaci a cikin 60s). Bugu da kari, Moscow ya samu a protectorate kan ƙasa na ba Tuva (Uryankhay ƙasar), shi aka gyarawa a kan Amur, Primorye da Sakhalin. A matsayin diyya ga karshe lokaci Japan lashe Kuril Islands (Sakhalin koma Japan sake a sakamakon yaki na 1904-1905., Amma ba ga tsawo da tarihi nagartacce). A 1867, Alaska da aka rasa, da kuma dangane da ma'amala, kammala tare da Amurka.

A cikin karni na ashirin, da Rasha, Empire, wanda ya tashi (da rududdugaggu sa'an nan) Tarayyar Soviet sake, shi dai itace, da rasa ƙasa. Yana da daraja a ambaci asarar Ukrainian, Belarushiyanci, Finnish, Polish, Bessarabian yankuna bayan yakin duniya na kuma samu a karshen duniya na biyu Kuriles, ta Kudu Sakhalin, Kaliningrad Oblast. A lokacin tashin a tsakiyar karni, da Tarayyar Soviet ya hukumance shiga Jamhuriyar Tuva. Kuma a shekarar 1991, bayan rabuwa na tsohon Tarayyar jamhuriyoyin, ya juya yau Rasha.

Daya Duniya da genes

Kamar yadda Rasha ta zama guda most kasa? A cikin shakka daga ci gaban da daban-daban da kabilu da kuma yankunan da mutanen da suke zaune a cikinsu (da kuma zuwa ga waɗanda wurare), ya shiga kasuwanci da kuma soja ƙawance, kazalika da aure dangantakar, wanda entailed hadawa da kwayoyin halittu. Yau, quite na kowa a Rasha kayyade irin ne R1a 1A, wanda aka massively rarraba da kuma tsakiyar Rasha da kuma kudancin Siberia, wanda sake jaddada hadin kan mutanen ba kawai yankin amma kuma a kan wani kayyade matakin.