Maz-2000 "Perestroika": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla. Babban Motoci Minsk Automobile Shuka

Don tambayar "Mene ne mota-van" Amsar ko dai - shi ne da wata na'ura tare da manyan trailer. Ya ke mayar da kashi dogara ne a kan biyu (yawanci uku) axis, yayin da gaba ya zauna a kan "sirdi" - musamman makaman, located a raya wani bangare na babban mota. Saboda isasshen motsi a shafin na hada guda biyu da irin wannan babbar mota za a iya gani a birane, ko da yake babban ikon yinsa, daga wannan sufuri - nesa nesa, ko kasa da kasa flights.

Lissafa da abũbuwan amfãni daga irin wannan kai na iya zama dogon, amma tsaya a biyu. A farko - darasinsa tsarin. Mun isa a tushe, haƙĩƙa, sun shige da irin wannan tsarin, tare da abinda ke ciki na abokan ciniki, sa'an nan bar. Babbar ma su jira har sai da shi za su sauke. Wani amfani za a iya kira da cewa tarakta jan da trailer tsarin wa kansu, maimakon a kansu, sabõda haka da cewa kudin da yin amfani da irin wannan na'ura faku.

Maz

Sufurin kaya tarayyar soviet suka fara samar da zaran The Great Patriotic War. Jamusawa a Minsk fara gina wata masana'antar don gyara Wehrmacht cars, amma bai gama ba. Gama ginin da kuma sāke gina shi riga Belarusians. Saboda haka akwai daya daga cikin Soviet Enterprises domin samar da nauyi manyan motoci.

Nan da nan bayan yakin Yaroslavl watsa nan da takardun domin samar da YaMZ-200. A kwaskwarimar da version na wannan truck shi ne na farko Byelorussian nasu na'ura. Sa'an nan ya zo da soja gyara da sauransu. D. Kamar yadda yake a sauran masana'antu, inji kerarre a nan, wãtsa a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Tare da rushewar kungiyar yawan umarni ya auku sharply, wa sarki iko kamar yadda truck ne kawai ba dole ba. Wasu lokaci samarwa ko rago. Duk da haka, a yau da shuka Maz har yanzu tsunduma a samar da sufuri. Letter-logo ne bas, trolley bas kuma ba shakka manyan motoci.

jeri

Tun karshen rukunin farko na shuka ga Union ya faru ga game da shekaru 20. fiye da miliyan motoci da aka samar a tsawon shekaru. Wasu daga cikin su aka tattara bisa ga zane na sauran developers, amma akwai versions Ka ce tushen sabon kalma ba kawai a samar da Soviet manyan motoci, amma kuma a cikin duniya mota aikin injiniya. A musamman da ra'ayin cabover truck aka farko gwada sa'an nan gabatar da shi Ming injiniyoyi.

Kafin a ci gaba da bayanin da wani tushen sabon model ( "Perestroika", Kwafa a matsayin mutane da yawa suka gan ta farko model a Paris Motor Show), la'akari da sufurin kaya, samar da shuka da shi.

A cikin shekaru 1948-1965 Maz model 205. Ya na farko tsara abin da ya zama a kananan model tsaftacewa Yaz-200, canjawa wuri zuwa Minsk Yaroslavl. Disamba 31, 1965 daga na'ura mai fita na karshe 205 minti.

Tun shekarar 1966, da shuka ne cikakken canjawa wuri zuwa model 500, wanda ya fara zuwa tara a cikin kananan batches tun shekarar 1957. Wannan biyu ƙarni ya progenitor daga cikin jerin 5335. A Duniya Industrial Exhibition da aka gudanar a Brussels, da samfurin 530 - 500 jerin truck - samu Grand Prix.

Kaka 1970 alama farkon na cin gaban wani inganta version na biyu ƙarni na inji - 500A. Yana gabatar da wani sabon tsaro tsarin, mafi dadi gida da kuma sauran aukuwa.

A watan Maris shekarar 1976, shi ya fita cikin taro zauren dumper Maz-5549. Wannan shi ne na farko-haife layi na 5335 - jerin sosai nasara model ga shuka.

A cikin bazara na shekarar 1981, wani sabon ci gaba ya bayyana. Wannan shi ne wani mota da kuma tarakta-trailer Maz-6422. Kan gaba 'yan shekaru, da shuka ana sake tsarafa, sa'an nan -preparation ga samar da uku-aksali tractors.

A cikin marigayi 80s mai kwazo tawagar fara aiki a gaba, matuƙa, redesigned model. Motar na 21st karni, gaba daya sabon kula da tsarin, ire zane, da yiwuwar wani dauke iya aiki, da inganta gida, da fadi da kewayon yiwuwa ga modernization - shi ne kawai karamin rabo daga abin da zanen kaya sun yi magana game da sabon mota. A shekarar 1986, daga ƙofar shuka bar Maz-2000.

abubuwan da ake bukata

A mafi yawan lokuta, da sabon sufuri ideas fãra a Turai. Kuma, ba shakka, suna ci gaba a kan tushen da Western norms da nagartacce. Kamar yadda wani misali ba za mu iya tunawa da haihuwar farko KamAZa Zileev a Moscow. Kamar yadda muka sani, daga tarihi, da samfur na sabon mota aiki a matsayin wani waje truck. Yana da wadannan Turai dokokin iyakance tsawon na mota 16 mita. Yana yana amfani da wani daban-daban aksali, load iya aiki, da ikon, amma da misali daga 16 mita lura sosai tsananin.

Tarayyar tare da size da kuma damar iya iya ba su bi makauniyar yammacin Canon. Eh, mafi yawan inji, wanda ake ci gaba da wannan shuka Maz, hadu wadannan bukatu, amma developers na sabon mota ka yi tambaya, "Amma idan mun bi yammacin nagartacce?" Watakila idan kamfanin da wani sarki zanen, amsar dã ya kasance daban-daban. Amma M. S. Vysotskogo sha'awar inda kodayaushe cikin tambaya, samarwa da ra'ayin, kuma shi ya ba wani "koren haske". Kamar wancan fara wani tushen sabon Maz-2000. A shekarar 1985, a yanke shawara a kan ci gaban. Lambobi a cikin suna, ya zamar masa dole guda shugaba zanen. 2000 - wannan shi ne iyakar tsakanin ƙarni, da kuma sabon mota - da mota na gaba.

description

Babban fasali na sabon truck ya zama ayyana ta modularity da kuma daidaituwa. Godiya a gare su, da m iya sauri tara a mota daga wani takamaiman sa na "cubes". Kuma haka ne, abin da aka bukata a wannan sosai lokacin. A farko gwaji model na mota da aka halitta daga wadannan "cubes":

• kaya dandali a kan tushe frame, sa'an nan samarwa gyare-gyare ga wannan naúrar a canza jiki;
• Kai Module - kore ƙafafun da ƙarin kayan aiki da haƙƙi sananne.
• Wani sabon da kuma gaba daya redesigned iko gida game da shi daga baya.
• frame module - to connect tare dukkan sassa.
• da gogayya naúrar, shi aka saka ikon naúra da kuma kore ƙafafun.

A block kasaftawa raba tuƙi. Akwai iko na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa cylinders da sauran sassa da juya gaban duk jiragen kasa.

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa designers nasara a kawar da matattu zone tsakanin raya bango na taksi da kaya trailer kai tsaye, halayyar ga dukan line na manyan motoci. Saboda wannan karin girma na jiki a lokaci daya, kazalika da inganta aerodynamics.

gida

A lokacin ci gaba, kuma da waɗanda suka riga aka ambata, muna bayar da wani sabon gaba daya raka'a da fasaha mafita. Da yawa daga cikinsu baya sanya daga hakkin mallaka takardun shaida da hažžožin. Daya bayani ya canza waje bayyanar da iko gida.

Domin da Maz-2000 "Perestroika" ta gaba daya revamped. A musamman gida rasa fairing, amma shi ba a bukata ga sabon na'ura. Gida tsawo daidai da na trailer rufin da gaban, dan kadan taso keya rabo, inganta aerodynamics. Lights jiragen kasa - uku rawaya - saita sama da windscreen, wanda kuma canza. Wiper ruwan wukake fãta shimfiɗaɗɗa 180 digiri da samu a cikin sama da hawa na taksi. Saboda ya karu tsawo da kuma madubin mota na gaba, ya zama wani m, panoramic.

Canje-canje halartar da kofofin. Yanzu, maimakon ta garma, kamar yadda aiwatar a mafi motocin, da direba na ta motsa da baya yayin da motsi. Wannan shawarar wani da. Rufe kofa bai zama tilas, kamar yadda mafi shahararren sassa na karfe madubi. Canje-canje da aka sanya da kuma gida ciki. Kamar yadda ita kanta ta zama mafi girma, zauna kage a baya da dabaran iya wani direba na ci gaba. Bugu da ƙari - shi ne kawai ci gaba a cikin kungiyar tarayyar, damar mutum ya tsaya. Daga cikin wasu sababbin abubuwa, shi yiwuwa a lura da wani tebur, firiji, tayal kuma ko da kwandishan.

bayyanar

Amma babban taksi ne ba kadai waje bambanci tsakanin sabon mota Maz-2000. Wani rubutu za a iya kira "sake fasalin kudin" a kalma da wani harshen, kala gefe surface na wani rumfa da yake rufe da loading dandali.

Baya ga wadannan guda biyu na dindindin look na na'ura kullum reworked. A musamman, shi yayi uku zaɓuɓɓuka:

1. Tare da kasa na gogayya naúrar zuwa ga raya overhang, kamata isa fita ja stripe. The raya ƙafafun za su sa ado akayi iyakoki da kuma grille ƙara zuwa kasa daga cikin firam, kasa da loading dandali.
2. Biyu rungumi zaci raga cancantar a kan raya ƙafafun matakin. launi ratsi tunani maye gurbinsu da duhu blue.
3. A lokuta biyu, da headlamps da aka sanya a kan gogayya naúrar. Uku rungumi yarda su matsa su ga gaban gida bango, da kuma a cikin kara module vents. Shi ne a cikin wannan version na mota ya tafi zuwa ga Paris Motor Show a shekara ta 1988.

Ribobi da fursunoni

Ainihin ra'ayin da aka samar da wata dama domin sake gina da na'ura kamar yara zanen. Muna bukatar wani truck zuwa 20 ton - daya gogayya naúra da kuma trailer. So 60 ton - uku gogayya module aiki synchronously, kuma, daidai da, uku trailer. Kamar yadda ta yi ciki ta injiniyoyi, kamar wata wadannan inji zai iya maye gurbin dozin misali.

Wani da ya ingantattun aerodynamics. Ainihin model iya kula da gudun 120 km / h.

A abũbuwan amfãni kuma sun hada da karuwa a cikin juz'i na jiki. Wannan aka samu, yafi ta kawar da matattu zone data kasance tsakanin taksi kuma trailer of wani al'ada "saddler".

Ba tare da ta drawbacks.

Da fari dai, sabon dabaran dabara motoci sãɓã wa jũna daga duk aka sanar a baya. Jagoranci daya axis. Haka kuma, misali version za a iya kira a 6x2, amma idan muna da wani elongated irin da gogayya raka'a, biyu ko uku?

Na biyu drawback ne cewa engine ne a karkashin wani ajali shawa, zai iya haifar da matsaloli ga gyare-gyare.

Kuma, a karshe, shi da ake bukata cikakken reworking na kayayyakin more rayuwa kafin ƙaddamar da model - saboda sabon abu zane don fitar a maƙil yanayi data kasance hanyoyi zai zama sosai matsala.

samfurin jaddadawa

Tun da Maz-2000 bai shiga cikin samar, to ka ce wani abu na musamman game da fasaha sigogi ne wuya.

Speed ya riga aka nuna, ya kara da cewa GCW iya zama daga 33 zuwa 40 ton (kawai tushe hali), da kuma tsawon na gwaji version - kusan 15 mita.

yanzu

Wannan mota taba shiga samarwa. Biyu gwaji samfurin, 6x2 kuma 8x2 aka tattara. Da farko ya rayu har 2004, sa'an nan aka yanka a cikin karfe, na biyu tsaye a matsayin wani abin tunawa a babban ƙofar shuka.

ƙarshe

Babbar Maz-2000 "Perestroika" shi ne m hukuncin Minsk injiniyoyi, wanda zai shiga cikin samar, ba sluchts Union. Motar ji mota na nan gaba, da kuma akwai wannan hukunci baya, watakila, zai zama da lokaci.