Mene ne centrifugation? Definition da kuma manufa na hanyar

Mene ne centrifugation? Me Hanyar da aka yi amfani da? Kalmar "centrifugation" yana nufin rabuwar ruwa ko particulate abu a cikin daban-daban kasarun adadi da centrifugal karfi. Yana da za'ayi irin wannan rabuwa da abubuwa ta hanyar amfani da musamman na'urorin - centrifuges. Mene ne manufa da hanya?

centrifugation manufa

Bari mu bincika a cikin mafi daki-daki definition. Centrifugation - ne tasiri a kan abu da high-gudun juyawa a wani musamman naúrar. Babban ɓangare na wani centrifuge na'ura mai juyi protrudes wanda qunshi ramummuka ga shambura tare da wani abu da shi ne batun rabuwa a cikin mutum kasarun adadi. A lokacin da juyawa daga cikin na'ura mai juyi a ƙara gudu ne tasiri centrifugal karfi. Abubuwa sanya shi a cikin gwajin shambura, daban-daban abubuwa rabu a kan kafin yawa. Alal misali, ta hanyar centrifuging samfurori da ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma precipitate rabu ruwa žunsa m barbashi.

hanyar Author

A karo na farko, da ya zama sananne cewa irin wannan centrifugation, bayan da gwaje-gwaje da bincike A. F. Lebedevym. A Hanyar da aka ɓullo da masu bincike, da nufin kayyade abun da ke ciki na kasar gona ruwa. Tun da farko data amfani da su sedimentation ruwa, ya bi ta hanyar raba shi daga m samfurori. Development centrifugation Hanyar zai ba da damar mu jimre wa wannan aiki da yawa sauri. Saboda wannan rabuwa ya zama mai yiwuwa a cire m sulusi da murabba'i daga ruwa abubuwa a cikin bushe jihar a kan wani al'amari na minti.

centrifugation, saukarwa

Bambanci sedimentation centrifugation fara da abubuwa da suke da batun gudanar da bincike. Wannan aiki na faruwa a cikin kasa-mazauni na'ura. A cikin shakka daga magance particulate al'amari rabu da nauyi. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu shirya abu don mafi rabuwa da centrifugal sojojin.

Bugu da ari abubuwa a gwajin shambura an hõre tacewa. A wannan mataki, nema ake kira perforated ganguna, wanda aka yi nufi ga raba ruwa daga m barbashi. A cikin shakka daga events gabatar da laka da ya rage a kan ganuwar da yara.

abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin Hanyar

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran hanyoyin da nufin rabuwa da mutum abubuwa, kamar tacewa ko sedimentation, centrifugation sa ya yiwu a samu wani precipitate tare da m zafi nuna alama. Aikace-aikace na wannan hanya damar rabuwa da za su rarrabe finely tarwatsa slurry. A sakamakon haka ne a samu wani barbashi size na 5-10 microns. Wani muhimmin amfani ne da yiwuwar juya ta kisa ta hanyar da kayan aiki na kananan kundin da girma. The kawai drawback na hanyar aikin high makamashi da na'urorin.

Centrifugation Biology

A ilmin halitta, a abu rabuwa a cikin mutum abubuwa resorting, idan ya cancanta, da shiri na magunguna ga jarrabawa a karkashin wani hange. Centrifugation aka yi a kan hadaddun na'urorin - tsitorotorah. Irin wannan na'urorin ban da ramummuka ga shambura kawota tare da samfurin da kambun, duk wani nau'i na nunin faifai wuya tsarin. Daga cikin yara, na'urar a gudanar da bincike a ilmin halitta kai tsaye rinjayar ingancin da kayan samu da kuma daidai da adadin amfani bayanai da za a iya gleaned daga analysis sakamakon.

Centrifugation refining masana'antu

centrifugation Hanyar ne ba makawa a samar da man fetur. Akwai hydrocarbon albarkatun da wanda ba su cikakken kasaftawa ruwa barasan. Centrifugation sa ya yiwu don cire wuce haddi da ruwa daga man fetur, da kara da ingancin. A wannan yanayin, da man da aka narkar a benzene, sa'an nan a mai tsanani zuwa ⁶⁰ ° C, sa'an nan hõre wani centrifugal karfi. A karshe auna adadin saura ruwa a cikin abu da kuma hanya maimaita, idan ya cancanta.

centrifuging da jini

Wannan hanya da aka yadu amfani da magani dalilai. A magani, shi damar warware wadannan jerin ayyuka:

1. A sakamakon tsarkake jini samfurori for plasmapheresis. Domin wadannan dalilai, wani yara da aka rabu da maikacin jini daga jini. The aiki ya sa ya yiwu don kawar da jini da ƙwayoyin cuta, wuce kima antibodies, pathogenic kwayoyin cuta, da gubobi.
2. Shirya domin jini bayarwa transfussion. Bayan raba jiki ruwa a cikin raba kasarun adadi da centrifugation sake yin fa'ida bayarwa ja jini Kwayoyin da jini amfani ga transfussion ko daskarewa ga m amfani.
3. Kadaici da platelets. Abu samar daga jini jini, platelet-arziki. A sakamakon taro da aka yi amfani da m da kuma Hematology sashen na kiwon lafiya cibiyoyin, gaggawa magani, aiki. A amfani da platelets a magani ya sa ya yiwu don inganta jini clotting a cikin shafa.
4. Kira na cushe RBCs. Centrifugation na jini Kwayoyin faruwa ta rabuwa da ta m kasarun adadi a cewar wani na musamman hanya. A ƙãre salla arziki a erythrocytes, da ake amfani da transfussion a jini hasara, ayyukan. Cushe ja jini Kwayoyin sukan yi amfani domin lura da anemia, da sauran cututtuka da na tsari yanayi na jini.

da yawa daga cikin sababbin na'urorin amfani a zamani likita yi, wanda yin shi yiwuwa a watsa da Rotary drum zuwa wasu gudu da kuma dakatar da shi a wasu batu. Wannan ba ka damar more daidai rarrabe jini a cikin erythrocytes, platelets, jini, magani da kuma clots. A irin wannan hanya diddigin sauran jiki ruwa, musamman abu rabu a fitsari abun da ke ciki.

Centrifuges: na asali iri

Mu fitar da siffa abin da centrifugation. Yanzu bari mu ga abin da na'urorin da ake amfani da su aiwatar da hanya. Centrifuges aka rufe da bude, tare da inji ko manual watsa. Babban aiki na manual bude na'urar aikin wani juyawa axis located tsaye. A ta sama na perpendicularly gyarawa madauri, a cikinsa shirya m karfe hannun riga. Suka sa musamman tube, quntata a kasa. A kasa hannayen riga aka aza wadding, wanda zai kawar da lalacewar da gilashi tube, a lamba tare da karfe. Bugu da ari, inji aka kore. Bayan wani lokaci na ruwa ne rabu da m dakatar da barbashi. Bayan nan, da yara, da aka tsaya da hannu. A kasa na shambura da aka mayar da hankali mai yawa, m precipitate. Sama da shi ne ruwa sãshen al'amarin.

Inji yara gated mallaka babban adadin harsashi don saukar shambura. Irin wannan na'urorin ya kasance mafi m fiye da manual. Su rotors an kore ta iko da wutar lantarki Motors da kuma iya hanzarta zuwa 3,000 rpm. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu su aiwatar da mafi rabuwa da ruwa daga m abubuwa.

Features na shiri na gwajin shambura da centrifugation

A shambura, wanda ake amfani da centrifugation dole a cika da gwajin abu na m nauyi. Saboda haka, domin high-daidaici ma'aunai na musamman nauyi aka yi amfani. Lokacin da kake so datsa mahara shambura a wani centrifuge, koma ga na gaba liyafar. Yin la'akari biyu daga gilashi kwantena da kuma cimma wannan taro, daya daga cikinsu yana bar a matsayin tunani. M gwajin-tube balance tare da samfurin kafin ajiye a cikin na'ura. Wannan dabara ƙwarai gudãnar up da aikin, idan ya cancanta, shirya don amai jerin shambura.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa shambura ba sa da yawa daga cikin abu a karkashin gudanar da bincike. A gilashin jirgin ruwa da aka cika sai da gefen nesa ne a kalla 10 mm. In ba haka ba abu anã zuba daga cikin tube a ƙarƙashin rinjayar centrifugal karfi.

Sverhtsentrifugi

Domin rabuwa da aka gyara na musamman lafiya suspensions kasa yin amfani da al'ada manual ko inji centrifuges. A wannan yanayin na bukatar fiye da wani m tasiri a kan abu da centrifugal sojojin. Lokacin da aiwatar da irin wannan tafiyar matakai suna amfani sverhtsentrifugi.

Inji wakilta wani m drum sanye take da shirin a cikin hanyar kananan diamita shambura - ba fiye da 240 mm. A tsawon na drum ne muhimmanci mafi girma daga giciye sashe, wanda ya sa ya yiwu domin ya kara yawan jũya da halitta mai iko centrifugal karfi.

A sverhtsentrifuge gwajin abu gudana a cikin drum, motsa tare da bututu da kuma hits musamman reflectors cewa jefar da kayan da nema. Shi ma yana da kamara, tsara don rarrabe fitarwa kãyã da mãsu nauyi taya.

A abũbuwan amfãni sverhtsentrifug sun hada da:

• cikakkar tightness.
• mafi tsanani abubuwa rabuwa.
• m size.
• yiwuwar raba abubuwa a matakin kwayoyin.

a ƙarshe

Saboda haka muka fitar da siffa abin da centrifugation. A halin yanzu Hanyar sami aikace a bukatar ware hazo mafita, tsarkakewa ruwaye, da rabuwa da aka gyara na ilimin aiki ko sunadarai abubuwa. Domin rabuwa da abubuwa a matakin kwayoyin ultracentrifugation nema. centrifugation Hanyar da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin sinadaran, man fetur, makaman nukiliya, masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci, kazalika a magani.