Versions na asalin mutum. Basic ka'idar asalin mutum

Don kwanan wata, akwai daban-daban versions na asalin mutum a duniya. Wannan kimiyya theories, da kuma madadin, kuma apocalyptic. Mutane da yawa la'akari da su, don zama zuriyar mala'iku ko allahntaka iko, duk da tursasawa shaida na masana kimiyya da kuma archaeologists. Sananniya ta alhẽri masana tarihi ƙaryatãwa wannan ka'idar, a matsayin yaren, bada zaɓi ga sauran versions.

Janar Concepts

Daga a tarihi mai nisa, mutum ya kasance batun da nazari da kuma ruhu na kimiyyar yanayin halitta. Tsakanin ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a da kuma kimiyyar yanayin halitta har yanzu tsunduma a tattaunawa game da matsalar da kasancewa da musayar bayanai. A lokacin, da masana kimiyya ya mutumin takamaiman definition. Yana biosocial halitta da hadawa da hankali da kuma gabbai. Ya kamata a lura da cewa ba mutum daya a duniya shi ne wannan halitta ta. Irin wannan definition iya zama wani stretch dangana ga wasu wakilan fauna a duniya.

Kimiyyar zamani yana da fili raba ilmin halitta da kuma mutum ainihi. Neman ga iyakar da ke tsakanin gyara da hannu a manyan cibiyoyin bincike, a duniya. Wannan yanki na kimiyya kira sociobiology. Ta dubi zurfi a cikin jigon mutum, m da na halitta da kuma halayya ta yan Adam da kuma zaba. A cikakke view of al'umma ba zai yiwu ba tare da hannu na data daga cikin al'ummar da falsafa. Yau mutum - da wata dabba da cewa shi ne ha] in gwiwar a yanayi. Duk da haka, mutane da yawa a cikin duniya da abin ya shafa game da wani batu - ta asali. Yana yana da shekaru dubbai na kokarin ba da amsa, masana kimiyya da kuma malaman addini na duniya.

The Descent of Man: An Gabatarwa

Tambaya bayyanar fasaha rayuwa bayan Duniya ya ja hankalin masu manyan masana kimiyya na daban-daban fannoni. Wasu mutane sun yarda da cewa asalin mutum da kuma al'umma ba daraja binciko. Amma, sai ka ce: wadanda suka yi imani da sojojin allahntaka. Bisa ga wannan ra'ayi na asalin mutum, da mutum da aka halitta da Allah. Wannan version yana da dama na shekaru a jere shanyewa masana kimiyya.

Duk da yake kowa da kowa ya wadãtu da kansu ga wasu nau'i-nau'i daga 'yan ƙasa, a cikin wani hali, wannan batun zai ko da yaushe ta da hankali da kuma rikici. Kwanan nan na zamani masana falsafa fara tambayar kanka da kuma wasu: "Me ya sa mutane da aka halitta, kuma abin da yake da manufar kasancewa a kan duniya?". Amsar tambaya ta biyu za ta taba zama zai yiwu a samu.

Amma ga bayyanar fasaha dabba a cikin duniya, sa'an nan kuma gano da tsari ne quite real. Yau wannan tambaya kokarin amsa da asali ka'idar asalin mutum, amma kashi 100 da tabbacin daidaitar ka'idodinsu, babu wani daga cikinsu ba zai iya samar. A halin yanzu, archaeologists, masana kimiyya da ilmin Taurari duniya suna binciko duk zai yiwu kafofin da asalin rayuwa a duniya, ko su zama sinadaran, nazarin halittu, ko morphological.

Abin baƙin ciki, a wannan lokaci mutãne ba su iya ko sanin abin da karni BC sun mutane na farko.

Ka'idar Darwin

A halin yanzu, wani m tsararru na juyi na asalin mutum. Duk da haka, mafi kusantar da ya fi kusa da gaskiya shi ne ka'idar Birtaniya masanin kimiyya mai suna Charles Darwin. Shi ya sanya wani invaluable taimako ga nazarin halittu kimiyya. Ka'idarsa ta dogara ne a kan definition zabin yanayi, wanda abubuwa a matsayin tuki da karfi na juyin halitta. Wannan halitta-kimiyya version na asalin mutum da kuma dukan abubuwa masu rai a duniya. Kafuwar ka'idar Darwin dimbin yawa da kallo na halitta yayin tafiya a duniya. Ci gaban da aikin da aka fara a 1837 da kuma dade fiye da shekaru 20. A cikin marigayi 19th karni Banasare aka goyan bayan wani masanin kimiyya, halittu - A. Wallace. Jim kaɗan bayan ta rahoto a London, ya yarda cewa shi ya Charles ne ya yi wahayi zuwa. Saboda haka akwai dukan shugabanci - Darwiniyanci.

The mabiya wannan yunkuri yarda da cewa duk iri Fauna da Flora, a duniya ne maras tabbas, kuma an samu daga sauran, a baya data kasance jinsunan. Saboda haka, ka'idar ta dogara ne a kan impermanence na dukan abubuwa masu rai a cikin yanayi. Dalilin wannan shi ne zabin yanayi. A duniya tsira kawai da karfi da tsari, da wanda suke iya daidaita da wa halin yanzu muhalli da yanayi. Man shi ne daidai wannan halitta ta. Godiya ga juyin halitta da kuma so su tsira da mutane da a ci gaba da basirarsu da kuma ilimi.

A ka'idar shiga tsakani

A zuciya na wannan version of mutum asalin kamata da ayyuka na waje wayewar. An yi imani da cewa mutane su ne zuriyar da dan hanya halittun da suka sauka a Duniya miliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce. Wannan labarin na asalin mutum yana da dama interchanges.

A cewar wasu, da mutane ne sakamakon interbreeding tare da magabatan da baki. Wasu yi imani da cewa dukkan laifi na kayyade aikin injiniya na mafi girma siffofin m cewa kawo Homo sapiens daga flask da kansa DNA. Wani tabbata mutane ne sakamakon kurakurai na gwaje-gwajen a dabbobi. A daya hannun, yana da matukar ban sha'awa da kuma shi ne mai m version na dan hanya baki a cikin juyin ci gaba ne na Homo sapiens. Shi ne ba wani asirin da cewa archaeologists har yanzu sami a sassa daban daban na duniya da yawa zane, records, da sauran shaida cewa tsoho mutane sun taimaka wasu allahntaka karfi. Wannan kuma ya shafi Mayan, wanda da zato wayayyu Extraterrestrial halittun da fuka-fuki a kan wani m wani sarari suKe karusarsa.

Akwai kuma ka'idar cewa duk mutum rai daga asalin zuwa ganiya na juyin halitta fitowa ta prefigured shirin aza Extraterrestrial m. Akwai madadin versions na transmigration na earthlings da taurari da kuma taurari irin wannan tsarin, Shi'ira, Scorpio, Libra, da sauransu. D.

Ka'idar juyin halitta

Followers wannan version yi imani cewa bayyanar mutumin a Duniya saboda da gyare-gyare na mannyan birai. Wannan ka'idar ne da nisa ya fi na kowa, kuma tattauna. A ci gaba daga gare shi, mutane sun samo asali daga wasu jinsunan birai. A ci gaba ya fara a zamanin da a ƙarƙashin rinjayar zabin yanayi, da kuma sauran waje dalilai.

Ka'idar juyin halitta baya da wasu ban sha'awa shaida da kuma shaidar matsayin archaeological, akan burbushin halitta, kwayoyin, kuma m. A gefe guda, kowanne daga wadannan kalamai za a iya fassara a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Shubuha ta da facts - cewa bai sa wannan version ne 100% daidai.

ka'idar halitta

Wannan reshe ya samu sunan creationism. Mabiyansa ƙaryatãwa game da theories na asalin mutum. An yi imani da cewa Allah ya halicci mutane, wanda shi ne mafi girma da gada a cikin duniya. An halitta mutum a cikin kamanninsa da ya ba da nazarin halittu abu. Littafi Mai Tsarki version of ka'idar ya ce mutane na farko, Adamu da Hauwa'u sun. Su Allah ya halicce su daga lãka. A Misira da kuma sauran kasashe, addini da ke nisa da baya a zamanin da camfin. Mafiya yawa na masu shakka yi imani da wannan ka'idar ba zai yiwu ba, kimantawa ta yiwuwa a billionths na wani cent.

Version halittar dukkan rayuwa Allah ba ya bukatar shaida, shi kawai wanzu kuma yana da wata dama zuwa gare shi. Its support zai iya haifar da irin wannan misalai daga camfin kuma tãtsũniyõyin mutãnen a duk faɗin duniya. Wadannan daidaici ba za a iya watsi da.

Ka'idar sarari anomalies

Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi rigima da dama versions na anthropogenesis. The mabiya ka'idar ne bayyanar mutum a duniya da dama. A cewar su, mutane suka fara fetal munanan layi daya sarari. Da ubanninmu earthmen akwai wakilai wayewa humanoid, wanda suke a cakuda Matter, kuma Energy Aura.

A ka'idar anomalies da shawara cewa duniya miliyoyin duniyoyi da waɗanda suke daga Muciya, abin da ya halitta wani hadade bayanai abu. A karkashin sharadi gwargwado, wannan take kaiwa zuwa fitowan da rai, da cewa shi ne, a humanoid hankali.

Sauran wannan ka'idar ne sosai kama da juyin halitta, sai dai da yardar wani takamaiman shirin ga ci gaban 'yan Adam.

cikin ruwa gwaggwon biri bane

Wannan ce ta asalin mutum a duniya da kusan shekaru 100. A cikin 1920s, da na cikin ruwa ka'idar da aka farko samarwa da sanannun marine halitta Alister Hardy da sunan, wanda aka daga baya goyan bayan wani mutunta masanin, da Jamusanci Max Vestenhoffer. Version dogara ne a kan rinjaye factor, tilasta babban birai shiga sabon mataki na ci gaba. Wannan shi ne abin da ya tilasta da birai musanya wani ruwa hanyarsa ta rayuwa a cikin ƙasa. Saboda haka da jarrabawa ya bayyana babu wani m jiki gashi. Saboda haka, mataki na farko na juyin halitta mutum ya wuce daga mataki na gidropiteka cewa ya bayyana fiye da miliyan 12. Shekaru da suka wuce, Homo erectus, sa'an nan sapiens.

Yau, da wannan version of kimiyya yana da wuya a gani.

madadin theories

Daya daga cikin mafi sihiri versions na asalin mutum a duniya shi ne cewa cikin zuriyar mutane sun wasu jemagu tãlikai. A wasu addinai kira su mala'iku. Yana da wadannan halittu daga a tarihi mai nisa zaune cikin duniya. Su bayyanar da aka kama da cewa harpy (a cakuda tsuntsu da mutum). A wanzuwar wadannan halittu ne da goyan bayan yawa dutse zane-zane.

Yana riqe wani ka'idar cewa mutane a farkon matakai na raya kasa sun real Refayawa. A cewar wasu Legends, wannan giant ya poluchelovekom-demigod, saboda daya daga iyayensu ya malã'ika ne. A tsawon lokaci, iko mafi tsaya saukar zuwa Duniya, da Refayawa sun tafi.

tsoho camfin

Game da asalin mutum akwai babban adadin Legends da labaru. A zamanin d Helenawa yi imani da cewa magabatan mutane sun Deucalion da Pyrrha, wanda da yardar gumakan tsira da ambaliyar ruwa, kuma Ya halitta wani sabon tseren na dutse mutummutumai.

A zamanin da na Sin ya yi ĩmãni da cewa Mutumin farko formless da kuma tafiya daga lãkã dunƙule. Mahaliccin mutane ne aljanna Nuwa. Yana wani mutum da wani dragon a mutum daya.

A cewar Turkiyya labari, mutane suka zo daga Blackrock. Ta kõgon wani rami da cewa kama da surar mutum na jiki. The ruwan sama wanke shi a lãka. Lokacin da tsari mai cike da warmed da rana, da farko mutum ya zo daga cikinta. Kuma sunansa Ah-Atam.

Myths game da asalin na Sioux Indiyawan mutum jihar da cewa mutane halitta Rabbit talikai. Divine halittar samu wani jini gudan jini da kuma fara wasa da shi. Ba da da ewa da ya fara mirgine a ƙasa, kuma ya juya a cikin wani gut. Sa'an nan ya zo cikin jini zuwa gudan jini zuciya da kuma sauran gabobin. A sakamakon haka, da zomo dashed sa yaron - Sioux m.

Bisa ga tsoho Mexicans, Allah ya halicci mutum nau'i na kumar kasko lãka. Amma saboda da cewa shi ne overexposed billet a makera, sai mutumin ya juya singed, cewa shi ne baki. M yunkurin kan kuma a sake samun mafi alhẽri, kuma mutane suka zo daga whiter.

Mongolian al'ada, daya zuwa daya kama da Baturke daya. Wani mutum ya fito daga lãka mold. Iyakar abin da bambanci shi ne cewa da wani rami haƙa wa kansa bautãwa.

matakai na ci gaba

A duk da asalin mutum version, duk malamai sun yarda da cewa matakai na ta ci gaba da kasance m. Na farko mutane suna tafiya a mike prototypes sun Australopithecines, wanda sadarwa tare da juna via da makamai kuma ba su kasance sama 130 cm.

A na gaba mataki na ci gaba haifar da wata Pithecanthropus. Wadannan halittu riga ya san yadda za a yi amfani da wuta, kuma su daidaita yanayin naka bukatun (duwatsu, fata, kashi). Bugu da ari juyin halittar mutum ya kai palaeoanthropes. A wannan lokaci, da kishiya images of mutane ne riga iya sadarwa sauti zuwa zaton tare.

A karshe mataki na juyin halitta kafin bayyanar Homo sapiens fara neanthropines. Azahiri, ba yawa daban-daban daga wannan zamani suke. Suna yin kayayyakin aiki, da ha in kabilu, zabe shugabanni, da kuma shirya zaben sakamakon ayyukan hajji.

kakannin gida daga mutãne

Duk da cewa masana kimiyya da kuma tarihi, a duniya har yanzu jayayya game theories na mutum asalin, ainihin wurin da hankali da aka haife, duk da haka shi gudanar ya kafa. Shi ne da nahiyar Afrika. Mutane da yawa archaeologists yi imani da cewa za ka iya kunkuntar saukar da wuri zuwa arewa-gabashin nahiyar, ko da yake akwai wani ra'ayi, da kuma dominance a cikin al'amarin na kudancin rabin. A daya hannun, akwai mutanen da suka yi imani da cewa Adam ya haifar a Asiya (a Indiya da kuma kasashe makwabta).

Binciken da cewa mutane na farko zaune Afirka, da aka yi bayan yawa binciken a sakamakon manyan sikelin-tono. An lura da cewa yayin da akwai da dama iri pre-image mutum (jinsi).

The strangest archaeological Finds

Wasu daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa kayayyakin gargajiya da ke iya shafar kwaikwayon na yadda a gaskiya da asalin da kuma ci gaban mutum, buga da kwanyar da ƙahoni tsoho mutane. Archaeological bincike da za'ayi a cikin Gobi Desert Belgium balaguro a cikin tsakiyar karni na 20th. Tsohon Sumerian wayewa aka akai-akai samu images of tashi abubuwa da mutane kan hanyar zuwa Earth daga waje da hasken rana tsarin. Similar Figures da a dama sauran tsoho kabilu.

A shekara ta 1927, a cikin ruwaye na Caribbean Sea a sakamakon da tono da aka samu wani bakon m kwanyar, kama crystal. Da yawa karatu sun samu wani abu da fasaha da kuma masana'antu. Zuriyar da Mayan da'awar cewa kakanninsu sujada wannan kwanyar kamar m abin bautãwa.