Mene ne matsakaici a ciki, da kuma kudi na deflection

Narkewa - shi ne wani hadadden multistage physiological tsari a lokacin da abinci (tushen samar da makamashi da kuma gina jiki ga jiki), samu da narkewa kamar fili, shigarsu inji da kuma sinadaran magani.

Musamman aiwatar da narkewa

Narkewa hada inji (wetting da nika) da kuma sinadaran sake amfani. A tsarin sunadarai hada da wani yawan m matakai na tsagawa hadaddun abubuwa zuwa mafi sauki abubuwa, waxanda ake tunawa a cikin jini.

Ya zo tare da wajabta hannu na enzymes cewa hanzarta tafiyar matakai a cikin jiki. A catalysts samar da narkewa kamar gland kuma wani ɓangare na juices secreted da su. Ilimi enzymes dogara a kan irin matsakaici a ciki, baka rami da kuma sauran sassa na narkewa kamar fili an saita zuwa wani lokaci ko wata.

Bayan zartar da bakinka, pharynx kuma esophagus, abinci shiga ciki kamar yadda wani cakuda ruwa da kuma particulate hakora daskararru. Wannan cakuda da aka ƙarƙashin rinjayar na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace a cikin ruwa da kuma Semi-ruwa taro wanda aka sosai gauraye saboda hanginsu katangu. Next zo da duodenum, inda shi ne kara aiki enzymes.

A yanayin da abinci dogara a kan wanda matsakaici a cikin bakin da ciki da aka kafa. Yadda aka saba, a cikin baka rami alkalescent yanayi. Fruit juices kuma sa wani karu a baka ruwa PH (3.0) da kuma samuwar wani acidic muhalli. Products dauke da ammonium da urea (menthol, cuku, kwayoyi), yau iya kai zuwa wani alkaline dauki (PH 8,0).

A tsarin da ciki

Ciki - wani m sashin jiki a cikin abin da abincin da aka adana, partially digested kuma tunawa. Organ located in na sama da rabi daga cikin kogon ciki. Idan muka zana a tsaye line ta hanyar da cibiya da haƙarƙari keji, kamar 3/4 na ciki zuwa hagu na shi. A manya, da ƙara na ciki ne a kan talakawan 2-3 lita. Duk da yake cinyewa manyan yawa abinci shi ke tsirarwa, kuma idan mutane suna yunwa - an rage.

A siffar da ciki za su iya bambanta daidai da ta cika abinci da kuma gas kamar yadda kyau dangane da jihar na makwabtaka da gabobin: pancreas, hanta, hanji. A siffar na ciki da kuma shafi sautin na da ganuwar.

A ciki ne wani Extended kashi na narkewa kamar fili. A ƙofar ne sphincter tsoka (pyloric bawul) - rabo bace abinci daga esophagus a cikin ciki. Part, dab da shafin na ƙofar esophagus, kira cardiac. Don ta hagu shi ne kasa na ciki. A tsakiyar part aka kira "ciki jiki."

Tsakanin antral (mana) da sashin jiki da kuma duodenum ne wani tsaron. Its bude da kuma rufe iko da sinadaran samuwar kasashe saki daga kananan hanji.

Features na tsarin da ciki bango

A bango na ciki da aka yi liyi da uku yadudduka. A ciki Layer - wannan mucosa. Yana Forms folds, da kuma dukan surface an rufe tare da gland (akwai game da 35 miliyan) cewa samar da ciki acid, narkewa kamar enzymes tsara don da sinadaran sarrafa abinci. The aiki na wadannan gland kayyade wadda matsakaici a ciki - alkaline ko acidic - ya kahu a wani musamman lokacin.

Submucosa yana da kyawawan m tsarin tsinkãyi jijiyoyi da jini.

The uku Layer ne mai karfi da daina kai hare hare da cewa kunshi m zaruruwa da ake bukata domin aiki da kuma tura abinci.

Waje ciki ya rufe m harsashi - peritoneum.

Na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace: tsarin da kuma siffofin

Babban rawa a mataki na narkewa taka ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace. A gland na ciki ne bambancin a tsarin, amma babban rawa a cikin samuwar ciki ruwa play Kwayoyin secreting pepsinogen, hydrochloric acid da kuma mucoid abu (gamsai).

Narkewa kamar ruwan 'ya'yan itace ne uncoloured ruwa odorless kuma kayyade wadda matsakaici ya kamata a ciki. Ya mai furta acidic. A binciken a kan ganewa na pathologies gwani Easy a tantance abin da yanayi ta wanzu a cikin blank (azumi) ciki. Wannan daukan la'akari da cewa al'ada acidity na ruwan azumi ne in mun gwada low, amma shi ne ƙwarai ya karu a lokacin da kara kuzari mugunya.

A mutum manne ga al'ada rage cin abinci a lokacin da rana ta samar 1.5-2.5 lita na ciki ruwa. Ainihin tsari da ya auku a ciki - shi ne na farko tsagawa sunadaran. Tun da na ciki da ruwan 'ya'yan itace rinjayar da mugunya na catalysts na aiwatar da narkewa, ya bayyana abin da irin yanayi na ciki enzymes masu aiki - a wani acid.

Enzymes samar da gland na ciki mucosa

Pepsin - a key enzyme na narkewa kamar ruwan 'ya'yan itace, shi ne shiga a cikin rashin lafiya sunadaran. An samar da aikin na hydrochloric acid daga ta precursor - pepsinogen. Pepsin ne game da 95% na ciki ruwan 'ya'yan itace tsagawa aiki. Har zuwa ta high aiki, sai ka ce da ainihin misalai 1 g wannan abu ya isa ya sa'o'i biyu zuwa nike 50 kg na kwai fari da kuma madara curdle 100,000 lita.

Mucin (ciki gamsai) ne mai hadaddun hade da abubuwa na gina jiki da asali. Yana maida hankali ne akan ciki mucosa a kan dukan surface da kuma kare shi daga duka inji lalacewar da kuma daga autodigestion na kasancewa iya raunana mataki na hydrochloric acid, a cikin wasu kalmomi - to neutralize.

A ciki ne kuma ba lipase - wani enzyme cewa karya saukar da fats. Na ciki lipase maloaktivna kuma mafi yawa rinjayar da madara fats.

Wani al'amari da cewa ya cancanci a ambaci - ta inganta cikin sha na bitamin B _12, biermerin. Ka tuna cewa bitamin _B12 wajibi ne ga canja wuri da jini haemoglobin.

Aikin na hydrochloric acid a cikin narkewa

Hydrochloric acid activates ciki enzymes kuma taimaka narkewa sunadarai domin sa su su kumbura, kuma loosening. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi ya kashe kwayoyin cutar shigar da jiki da abinci. Hydrochloric acid da aka saki a cikin kananan allurai, ko da kuwa wanda matsakaici a ciki, an narkar da a cikin abinci, ko fanko.

Amma ta mugunya shi ne dogara a kan lokaci na rana: saita m matakin na ciki mugunya lura a lokacin daga 7 zuwa 11 am, da kuma iyakar - da dare. A samu abinci a ciki acid mugunya aka kara kuzari da kara na ayyuka na vagus jijiya ciki distension da kuma sunadarai juriya aka gyara na abinci a kan mucosa.

Mene ne matsakaici a ciki yana dauke da misali, na kullum da kuma sabawa

Da yake jawabi na wanda matsakaici a ciki da lafiya da mutum, ya kamata a lura da cewa daban-daban sassa na jiki na da daban-daban PH dabi'u. Kamar wancan ne, da most darajar ne 0,86 PH, da kuma m - 8.3. Standard awo na acidity a ciki a kan komai a ciki shi ne daidai 1.5-2.0. a ciki surface na mucous Layer nuna alama PH 1,5-2,0, yayin da zurfin wannan Layer ne - 7.0. ƙarshen ciki dabam 1,3-7,4.

Cututtuka na ciki ɓullo da a sakamakon wani rashin daidaituwa daga acid da kuma neyolizatsii kuma suna kai tsaye dogara a kan irin matsakaici a ciki. Yana da muhimmanci cewa PH dabi'u su ne ko da yaushe al'ada.

Tsawo hypersecretion na hydrochloric acid ko m kislotoneytralizatsiya take kaiwa zuwa karin acidity a ciki. A daidai wannan lokaci ci gaba da Pathology na acid.

Low acidity halayyar hypoacid gastritis (gastroduodenitis), da ciwon daji. Nuna alama gastritis tare da rage acidity ne 5,0 PH, kuma mafi. Da cutar yafi tasowa a lokacin da sel da ciki mucosa atrophy ko su tabarbarewa.

Gastritis tare da m secretory rashi

A Pathology auku a marasa lafiya balagagge kuma ci-gaba da shekaru. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne na biyu, cewa da aka tasowa a kan bango na wani, kafin ta rashin lafiya (misali, benign ciki ulcers), kuma shi ne sakamakon wani matsakaici a ciki - alkaline, a cikin wannan harka.

Domin ci gaba da kuma hanya da cuta ne halin da babu wata hujja seasonality da kuma mita na exacerbations, watau lokacin da ya faru da kuma tsawon unpredictable.

Alamun secretory gazawar

• Constant belching da rududdugaggu dandano.
• Tashin zuciya da kuma amai a lokacin m.
• Anorexia (asarar ci).
• The ji na wani nauyi a cikin epigastric yankin.
• Alternating zawo da kuma maƙarƙashiya.
• Flatulence, tsãwa da transfussion a ciki.
• Zuba ciwo: jin jiri bayan ingestion na carbohydrate abinci da ya auku saboda da sananne samu na chyme daga ciki a cikin duodenum, a rage na ciki da aiki.
• Weight hasãra (taro akan rage zuwa 'yan kilo).

Gastrogennaya zawo za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar:

• maldigested abinci shiga ciki.
• mai kaifi rashin daidaituwa a kan aiwatar da narkewa daga abin da ake ci fiber.
• kara ciki emptying a take hakkin rufe daga cikin sphincter aiki.
• take hakkin bactericidal aiki.
• munanan na pancreas.

Gastritis tare da al'ada ko dagagge mugunya

Wannan cuta ne mafi kowa a matasa. Shi yana da farko hali, cewa shi ne, na farko bayyanar cututtuka bayyana ba zato ba tsammani da haƙuri, kamar yadda a gabãnin haka, ya bai ji a kalla bayyana wasu rashin jin daɗi da kuma subjectively dauke da kansu lafiya. Haka kuma cutar na faruwa a tare da alternating exacerbations da jinkiri, ba tare da wani pronounced seasonality. Domin sanin daidai ganewar asali shi wajibi ne don ganin likita, don haka abin da ya nada da jarrabawa, ciki har da kayan aiki.

A cikin m lokaci, mamaye zafi da dyspeptic syndromes. Pain ne yawanci a fili alaka da al'amari, wanda matsakaici a cikin mutum ciki a lokacin da abinci. Pain ciwo ya auku kusan nan da nan bayan da wani abinci. Kadan ta da azumi daga baya zafi (dan lokaci bayan gari), yiwu a hade daga gare ta.

Bayyanar cututtuka na ƙãra secretory aiki

• Pain ne yawanci m, wani lokacin tare da matsa lamba da kuma nauyi a cikin epigastrium.
• Late sha raɗaɗin ne m.
• Dyspeptic ciwo bayyana burp "m" iska, wani m iyawa a bakin, ku ɗanɗana cuta, tashin zuciya da amai sauqaqa zafi.
• Marasa lafiya fuskantar ƙwannafi, wani lokacin excruciating.
• hanji dyspepsia ciwo bayyana ta zawo ko maƙarƙashiya.
• Yawancin lokaci bayyana neurotic ciwo, halin da zãlunci, yanayi canje-canje, rashin barci da kuma pereutomlyaemostyu.