PT-76 amphibious tank: description, halaye da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Kafin farkon yakin duniya na II a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da mai girma kwarewa a cikin halittar iyo sulke da motocin. A arba'in da farko shekarar da Red Army shi ne mafi girma jiragen ruwa da irin wannan dabara, duk da haka, a lokacin fama ayyukan da mafi yawan lokutta na halaka sojojin abokan gaba. Sauran inji shi ne a fili ba daidai da manufofin da gwamnatin kuma ba zai iya isa zuwa ga karfafa sojojin. PT-76 samfurin - iyo tank, wanda shi ne saki da serial aka gyara ga post-yaki shekaru. A karkashi aka saki 'yan gyare-gyare. Ka yi la'akari da halaye da kuma siffofin da amphibian.

Tarihi na halitta

Amphibious tank PT-76 da aka shirya ya ba da igwa zamo 76 mm. Ya kamata a iya shari m ajiye makamai da kuma iya canja wurin da makamai zuwa ashirin Airborne. Cin gaban sabuwar fasahar zane ofishin ya dauki kan Shipbuilding shuka a Nizhny Novgorod ( "Red Sormovo").

A farko biyu daga prototypes da aka sanya a 1948. Abin baƙin ciki, tsarin bai wuce da gwajin, bayan da ci gaban dauki Institute of Transport Engineering a St. Petersburg (Leningrad). Ƙera yanzu an nada Stalingrad kai shuka. Overall management na aikin da za'ayi zh. Ya. Kotin. A lokaci daya, a karkashin ya jagoranci halitta nauyi kai-propelled manyan bindigogi. A cikin rawar da gubar zanen sanya Shamshurin NF

A sabon aikin da ya samu index 740. By lokacin rani na 1950 fito da wani samfur. A tsanani gwajin sabon fama abin hawa a kan shugaban ya zarce ta gasa (K-90 daga Moscow masana'antun), haƙĩƙa, sun shige nasarar duk cikas. A watan Agusta, 1951, da abu da aka mai suna "amphibious tank PT-76", kuma an soma.

Design fasali

Dauke soja inji yana da wani gargajiya layout, shi yana nufin mai sauki aji. Armoured Corps yana da uku compartments:

1. management sashen, housed a cikin baka.
2. Fada daki dake a cikin cibiyar na jiki, sanye take da wani conical hasumiya sanyi.
3. Da ikon shirya a raya daga cikin gidaje. Akwai dizal engine da kuma biyu daga ruwa jiragen sama (na farko a kan yi amfani da tushen wannan dabara).

A serial samar da mota da aka fara riga a 1951. Mass samar ci gaba har 1967 da duka bututun sauko game da dubu huɗu kofe. A 1967, da kayan aiki da aka cire daga sabis.

PT-76 tank: Features

Wadannan su ne dabara da kuma fasaha shirin:

• Samfurin category - iyo tanki.
• Production shekara - 1951.
• The ƙungiya - uku maza.
• A kewaye tsari - classic.
• A tsawon / nisa / tsawo - 6,91 / 3,18 / 2,19 m.
• makamai kauri - daga 5 zuwa 13 mm, dangane da matsayin (hanci, tarnaƙi, kasa, hasumiyar).
• Base - 4,08 mita.
• Track - 2,74 mm.
• A lumen na hanya - 37 cm.
• Booking Type - birgima da rarrabuwa karfe mafi girma da ƙarfi.
• Makamai - rifled gun zamo 76 mm na'ura gun SGMT 7,62 mm.
• Harbi kewayon - har zuwa 12 km.
• rubuta gani - telescopic iri TSHK-66.
• Ikon shuka - dizal engine V-6 samar 240 horsepower.
• gudun fihirisar (matsakaicin) - 44 km / h a kan ƙasar, 10.2 km / h - ninkaya.
• Weight - 14 ton.
• Mahara - 2.8 m.
• Cruising gicciye kasar / ninkaya - 210/70 km.
• Suspension - mutum torsion irin.
• Specific ikon - 17,1 lita. s / m.

Adaptations kallo da kuma sadarwa

Hur iyo su ɗauko-tanki 76 sanye take da uku periscopic na'urorin abin da aka shirya a wani juyawa turret kwamandan. Maras motsi ana saka tam da samar da mai kyau bayyani a wajen kunkuntar kansu.

Na'urorin da fivefold karuwa a filin da ra'ayi da kuma 7.5 digiri na sararin sama. Tarnaƙi ne periscopes TNP da guda magnification. Cajin domin fitowa yankunan iya amfani da daya kadai guda Rotary na'urar da kara yawan MK-4. An located a gaban ƙyanƙyashe a cikin rufin hasumiyar.

A ba fama yanayi, wani direba ne lura da ƙasa ta hanyar bude ƙyanƙyashe. A fama da yanayi na nazari ne uku na'urar iri mabukaci kaya. Don sarrafa na'ura a cikin yanayi na matalauta Ganuwar ko da dare bayar a binocular dare hangen nesa TVN-2B. Yana hada da wani infrared tace, lantarki shaƙewa da kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta. Distance hangen nesa shi ne game da 60 mita, cikinsa da kwana ne kasa da digiri 30.

PT-76 Tank: bayanin irin engine da shasi

By kuma manyan ikon naúrar karkashin shawara ne a modernized motor amphibian tank T-34. Transmission ne ma aro daga model. Good gudu da kuma maneuverability a kan mai kyau ruwa samar da ruwa jiragen sama. Tare da wadannan abubuwa amphibious tank PT-76 zai iya ba tare da wani matsaloli shawo kan tafkunan, overgrown tare da sarƙaƙƙiya.

An lura low takamaiman matsa lamba takalma a ƙasa, tabbatar da rashin sauki inji mahada karfi da dausayi. Amphibious fama ya zama mafi m da sauki don kula, kuma har ma ya samu wani na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa buga absorbers cewa hulɗa tare da mutum torsion mashaya dakatar. Wadannan nodes samar da ingantattun dabara smoothness kuma Ya ƙãra cruising gudun. A iyo tank PT-76 C 60 Sanye take da NBC kariya tsarin da kuma atomatik wuta extinguishers. Technology ya tabbatar da kyau kwarai a cikin tilasta zanga kewayon har zuwa kilomita 500.

gyare-gyare

Bisa la'akari da na'ura saki 'yan gyare-gyare. Daga cikin su:

1. A tsarin da 76 mm gun D-56TM da biyu jam'iyya muzzle birki. Bugu da kari, ta na da Kicker, ciki rediyo, dare da hangen nesa, thermal protivodymovoe na'urar. A tsawo daga cikin gidaje ne ya karu da 13 millimeters. Shekara kyautata - 1957.
2. Modernized tank PT-76B an saki a 1959. Yana sanye take da wani kayan biplanar D-56TS, da tabbatar da dorewar na'urar da jami'an rundunar STF-2P, samun iska shigarwa tare da tacewa. A baya version aka shigar giropolukompas.
3. A 1967, tanki da aka shigar a karkashin shawara na musayar kudi PKT na'ura gun, wayar teleho na cikin gida tsarin P-123. Motar da ke cikin sabis a cikin basirar aikin soja da kuma Marine Corps.
4. A kan tushen da PT-76 halitta Armoured Personnel Carrier BTR-50 launchers ga harsashi tsarin "Luna", da rundunar tsarin for demining UR-67.

ban sha'awa facts

A farko tsanani soja karo PT-76 ya faru a cikin watan Maris 69 na shekara a Vietnam. A tawagar na goma sha biyu motocin da Armoured Personnel dako farmaki da American tushe a Ben Het ya hallaka gun baturi. Shugaban PT-76 buga wani mine, amma ma'aikatan jirgin ne ba daga oda da kuma ci gaba zuwa wuta. Sauran motocin shiga wani adawa da mutanena su ka na "Patton" da kuma biyu daga anti-aircraft kai-propelled inji. A asarar sha wahala garesu, amma hari bai ci gaba bayan da asarar biyu tankuna da daya Armoured Personnel Carrier.

A cikin bazara na 65th shekara, India ya juya zuwa ga USSR domin taimako don samar da kariya a kan wani yiwu mamayewa na Pakistan. halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, rukunin farko na Indiya samu 65 th bazara. Total kasa da biyu regiments daga wadannan inji duka na game da 90 kofe.

A watan Satumba 1965 PT-76 tawagar matsayin wani ɓangare na Bakwai rajimanti na Indian inji kama Pakistan sun kai hari a kauyen. A sakamakon haka, abokan gaba ya iya doke fitar, rasa daya tank da hannunsa. A lokacin tashin India rasa game da kamfanin PT-76, wasu daga wanda aka kama da Pakistan Army.

Saka hannu cikin sauran soja rikice-rikice

Daga cikin shahararrun da jayayya shafe shawara na inji suna da wadannan makamai rikice-rikice:

• The yaki tsakanin Indiya da Pakistan a 1971. Kwana goma sha huɗu na fada da aka lalata ko lalace 13 PT-76 tankuna, da kuma Pakistan, sun rasa duk da nauyi kayan aiki. Yana daya daga cikin manyan gudunmawar da nasara.
• War of 1967 (shida Day) tsakanin Misira da kuma Isra'ila. Masarawa a cikin arsenal aka yi nazari 29 motocin. Duk da haka, da suka da aka yi amfani da ga sauran dalilai. A sakamakon haka, raka'a biyu halakar 7 - jefa. Kwaf model izrailtsy redesigned da kuma shigar da su American makamai.
• A Yom Kippur War a 1973. Yana da aka halarta da PT-76 a kan wani ɓangare na Misira, da kuma ta Isra'ila.
• Bugu da kari, cikin mota halarci Yugoslav yaƙe-yaƙe da adawa a Chechnya.

A karshen

Yanzu wani haske amphibious tank PT-76 da kuma BTR-50 - mai girma da kuma ba dole ba "gudãna". A Tarayyar Soviet da suke dauka daga sabis a 1967. Duk da haka sun soke zama inji yi tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa a gabas ta tsakiya da kuma aka rayayye amfani. Domin ta lokaci, wannan dabara tabbatar da cewa sosai nasara, duka biyu a kan tudu da ruwa.

Light amphibious tankuna rayayye fitar dashi zuwa Warsaw yarjejeniya kasashe, kazalika da mafi pro-Soviet Afirka da kuma kudu-maso-gabashin kasar. Kwaf Masar motoci da aka sabunta hanyoyin da Isra'ila injiniyoyi, da kuma kasar Sin ta bayar da nasu analog a karkashin alama ce "Type-63".