Rawar da wani suna a cikin jawabin. A amfani da sunaye a jawabin

Category sassa na magana a cikin Rasha da harshen shi ne ainihin ilimin halittar jiki. An sani cewa sun kasu kashi hudu azuzuwan: m, sabis, modal (ko shigar) kalmomi kuma interjections. A farko ya shafi wani suna. By kuma manyan, shi za a iya gani a matsayin babban rabe-raben harsuna Concepts.

Suna a matsayin wani bangare na jawabin

Our lexicon ƙunshi mai girma yawan kalmomi denoting abubuwa, zama da shi mutane, da dabbobi, da wasu abubuwa ko abubuwa. Duk wadannan sunaye. Bugu da kari, akwai m Concepts, ciki har da sirri halaye, misali, gaskiya, tausayi, da hassada. barci, yanã tafiya da gaggãwa, dancing, shakatawa. Irin sunaye ana kuma kome na objectivity kuma ya amsa wannan tambaya "wanda?" ko "abin da?".

Duk wadannan kalmomi ne da ake kira rai ko maras rai abubuwa da irin wannan morphological a rukunoni irin su jinsi, yawan da harka. Haka kuma, sun kasu kashi uku jinsi (namiji, mata, na tsakiya), sun bambanta a lamba (mufuradi da jam'i), kazalika da shida lokuta.

Suna a matsayin wani bangare na jawabin Yana yana da wani na farko siffar a cikin nau'i na nominative mufuradi: 'yar tsana, yarinya, sanyi, da farin ciki, sugar.

Rawar da wani suna a cikin jawabin

A Rasha, domin kowane 100 kalmomi asusu na 40 sunaye. Su dokoki 40% na lexical tsarin. Wannan yana nufin cewa kusan kowane biyu kalma shi ne batun ko ra'ayi cewa ya amsa wannan tambaya "wanda?" ko "abin da?". Saboda wuya a overestimate rawar da wani suna a cikin jawabin.

By kuma manyan, ba tare da wannan nau'in raka'a zai ba da cikakken tarayya. Bayan da magana, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai links tsakanin abubuwa da dangantaka tsakanin su, don haka kusan kowane daya daga cikinsu yana da wani suna, kuma sau da yawa fiye da daya. Muhimmancin wannan bangare na jawabin sanannun masanin ilimin harsuna, ya ce VG Vetvitsky, ma'ana shi a matsayin "ƙungiyar makaɗa shugaba nahawu" kowane tafi da ake kallonsa duk "ƙungiyar makaɗa" - dogara kalmomi cewa gada da tsari da kuma yarda da shi.

Yana taka muhimmiyar rawa da kuma shubuha ta sunaye, da kuma su yi amfani da matsayin wajen ma'ana harshe (metaphors, epithets, kwatancen), da kuma gaban da yawa, ba kawai kai tsaye, amma kuma zaurance.

A amfani da sunaye a jawabin

Wannan category na sassan magana a sentences aikin wani muhimmanci aiki a cikin samuwar predicative sansanonin. Alal misali, a suna iya aiki a matsayin tafin kafa babba lokaci a cikin nominative jumla. A karin misalin mai quote by Alexander Blok, "Dare. Street. Fitilu na} asar. Pharmacy ... "

Da muhimmancin da suna a cikin tambaya shi ne ba haka ba iyaka. Kamar yadda wani predicate, shi za a iya bayyana a cikin nominative a ake kira bicomponent sentences: "Yã 'yar'uwar - dalibi", da kuma siffofin da QFontDatabase hali da aka yi amfani da matsayin rabawa na da wadannan dabi'u:

• abu ( "Masha cika Diary");
• kayadadden ( "yarinya ya mai haske da kuma farin ciki");
• attributive ( "majalisar sarki ne fili isa");
• adverbial ( "Mun duk suka taru a ƙofar").

Saboda gaskiya cewa suna yana da category na jinsi da kuma lambar, tana da ikon da za a hade tare da siffofin daban-daban na shawarce shi da kalmomi: kyau (s) dress (I), kyau (s) image (s), kyau (f) flower (s).

A amfani da kankare sunaye

Dangane da halaye na nuna dabi'u na wannan ɓangare na magana ne zuwa kashi da dama kungiyoyin, daga cikinsu naúrar (fis, bambaro), kayan (madara, zuma, da azurfa), tattara (ganye, yashi, dabbobi). Amma watakila mafi yawa da tartsatsi a cikin yin amfani da jawabin - sunaye, wanda suna cikin kankare da m Concepts.

The sosai jumlar "kankare sunaye" riga isasshe sanin ko abun ciki na kungiyar. Wannan ra'ayi ya kira daban-daban abubuwa da mamaki na gaskiya. Daya daga su peculiarity ne cewa kalmomi na category-takamaiman sunaye suna daidai hadu da wani numerals - biyu gwada yawa da kuma ordinal, kuma a gama: biyu toddlers, na biyu jariri, biyu toddlers. biyu pencils - biyu fensir.

A na biyu alama - da ikon samar suranta jam'i: tot - toddlers fensir - pencils.

A amfani da m sunaye

Sunayen da wasu m Concepts, ma, shi ne mai ɗamfarar Layer na Rasha ƙamus. Wadannan kalmomi - sunaye, sunayen, ko nuna wasu m Concepts, mataki ko jiha (a gwagwarmaya, da farin ciki), da ingancin ko halaye (dabi'un, nagarta, yellowness).

Ba kamar takamaiman m sunayen amfani ne kawai a daya nau'i na - ko guda ɗaya kawai (shiru, mai sheki, dariya, mugunta), ko kuma kawai mahara (weekdays, holidays, zaben, almuru). Har ila yau, sun ba za a iya hade tare da manyan lambobin. Kada ka ce, uku shiru, biyu mai sheki. Wasu daga m sunaye na iya amfani da wani yawa na adverbs - kadan kasa - da yawa, da yawa, "Kuma da yawa daga cikin yara ya kawo farin ciki!", "Shin, bã zã ku zo da wani matsala," "Kuma nawa ya luck!"

Wani lokaci, domin gano wani kankare buɗi na m halaye, za a iya amfani da su a cikin jam'i a cikin wannan tsari: da sanyi - tsawa Janairu frosts, zurfin - isa teku zurfin, kyakkyawa - a ji dadin kyau na halitta, da dai sauransu.

Mafi m sunaye a jawabin

Idan muka yi kokarin nazarin ƙamus na talakawan Rasha, za mu iya gama game da shahararsa ta wasu kalmomi a yi amfani da shi. Mafi sau da yawa amfani, sai su yi magana, yau da kullum sunaye. A wani jawabin da wani mutum zai sauti sunayen kayayyakin (cokali, wuka, cokali mai yatsu, da tukwane, pans, da dai sauransu), abinci (gurasa, madara, tsiran alade, taliya, da dai sauransu), Words alaka da aikin yi, kai, da karatu.

Don sanin yadda sau da yawa amfani a jawabin ko da sunan (sunan ra'ayi), philologists-masana kimiyya haifar da al'ada kamus. Wasu daga cikin su ne kawai sunaye, saboda haka, bisa ga nazarin irin wannan zai yiwu su kusantar da wasu karshe. Wadannan kamus an kira mita.

shekara, mutane, lokaci, al'amari, rayuwa, rana, hannunka, aikin, kalma, wuri: A daya daga wadannan jerin dubban sunaye ba da wadannan kalmomi sun fi m.

Sunaye a wani yaro ta magana

Daga cikin ra'ayi na masana kimiyya, har m mutumin, da sanin duniya kewaye da mu, binciko yanayi da ta mamaki, ba su da sunan. Wadannan sunayen kan lokaci gyarawa a cikin harshen da jĩkõki, da samar da ƙamus. Hakazalika, sunaye bayyana a cikin yaro ta magana. Kusan wannan shi ne na farko magana kalmomi zuwa gare su: inna, baba, mace, kyanwa, da dai sauransu Kid kamar tsoho mutane, ma, gaugawa neman a kusa da kuma yana so ya san sunan wannan ko wancan abu, sa'an nan zuwa ga mafi m Concepts.

Saboda haka, a kan lokaci, da faruwa a yara associative links, su ƙamus da aka wadãtar da sabon sunaye. Alal misali, yaro sanin abin da yake ciyawa, sa'an nan a lõkacin da ya gane cewa ta na da wani launi, tasowa, da kuma kalmar "kore". The suna "bango" dangane da kayan zama "jiki" - tubali, da na dutse, da na itace. Kuma wadannan kalmomi, ma, ana hankali kunshe a cikin lexicon na jaririn.

ƙarshe

Suna, a samansu da wani abu ko sabon abu, ya kira shi a cikin za'a fadada ma'ana. Saboda haka, shi yana iya zama sunayen abubuwa da kuma abubuwa (tebur, rubutu, littafi, tufafi), kayan (Paint, gari, Alkali), halittu masu rai da kwayoyin (mutum, cat, starling, bacillus), events, mamaki, facts (kwaikwayo, hadari, da farin ciki), wuri sunayen, sunayen da Surnames mutane, kazalika da halaye, Properties, ayyuka, jihohin (kirki, hankali, yana tafe, drowsiness). Duk wadannan misalai daukan hankali na yin amfani da sunaye.

Tare da su taimako da shi ne sauki kewaya titunan gari, karanta ãyõyinSa, saboda sunayen cibiyoyin da kungiyoyi wakiltar wannan ɓangare na magana. Hakazalika, sauki su yi tunanin abin da za a tattauna a wani littafi ko labarin (da take, kamar yadda mai mulkin, akwai wani suna). Yana za a iya kira da babba, ya fi na kowa, da mafi m, mafi muhimmanci kuma manyan bangare a cikin nahawu.

Ba shi yiwuwa ba a yarda da L. ɗauka cewa, a tsare rawar da wani suna a cikin jawabin, kira shi da burodi harshe. Ta yaya muhimmanci shi ne wannan samfurin a cikin rayuwar mutum ne don haka muhimmanci, kuma wannan category a cikin aiki na harshe.