Robert Rauschenberg: biography, ayyukansu, photos

An fara aiki a matsayin wakilin na m expressionism, Rauschenberg zo ga ayyukansa to pop art da conceptualism. Wannan artist ne daya daga cikin key Figures na American art.

farkon shekaru

Robert Rauschenberg aka haife shi a Port Arthur a shekara ta 1925. Amma a cikin kasar Sin tashar jiragen ruwa birnin, da kuma American Steppe Texas. Mahaifinsa Jamus haure da kuma aiki a gida ikon shuka, shi da uwarsa - wani 'yan kabilar India Cherokee. Bayan makarantar sakandare, nan gaba artist karatu pharmacology a ƙasarsa ta Texas, a Austin. Duk da haka, nazarin ya dube na farko shekara, da kuma farkon yakin aiki a matsayin wata hujjar da wannan. A wannan lokaci ya yi aiki a matsayin ma'ana a cikin wani shafi tunanin mutum asibiti.

A farkon wata m hanya

A 21, Rauschenberg yanke hukuncin karatu art. Ya farko ziyarci da Art Cibiyar, a garin Kansas, sa'an nan ya tafi zuwa Paris. A nan sai ya tsunduma a Faransa Art Academy Julian, inda ya sadu da matar nan gaba Syuzen Veyll, kuma an artist. Masanan basu ji dadin a Faransa makaranta, a 1948, matasa an dawo zuwa Amerika a cikin Black Mountain College a South Carolina. A wannan lokaci akwai aka je "star" part: da artist Josef Albers, choreographer Merce Cunningham kuma mawaki Dzhon Keydzh. Tare da karshen biyu, Robert Rauschenberg aiki a kan wani "Theatrical play №1». A da shi da hannu a dance, music, aiki tare da sama majigi. Sirri ne dauke su riga shi zuwa da "abubuwan da ke faruwa" - choreographed na ra'ayi events cewa tsiwirwirinsu shahararsa ta karshen karni na ashirin da. A farko bayan shekara koleji, da artist tsunduma a zane Hasna a New York.

monochrome zanen

A farkon rayuwarsa, da artist Robert Rauschenberg halitta da dama jerin monochrome zane-zane: da "fari art", "black art" da kuma "Red zanen".

The "fari zanen" a kan wani farin bango artist Zagayawar baki haruffa, lambobi da sauran alamomin su ne m ga kowa da kowa. The ayyukan da aka halitta, a lokacin da rinjaye style a Amurka ya Tsokaci Expressionism. Gabatar yanzu fiye gane alamomin da real abu, Rauschenberg ya lalata sosai abstractness na m art. A general, da al'adu mahallin shi da jũna kyawawan lafiya. Daga baya, da artist zai zama wani yanki na fari zanen. An hasken farin baya drop inuwa masu kallo zahiri haifar da kayan zane. Akwai mai lebur taro na ma'ana: da iyaka canzawa daga art, da kuma ji da shi ta hanyar da Prism na mutum kwarewa, da kuma makawa co-halittar artist da kuma kallo.

"Black art" wani zane da glued to shi takardunku rufi da baki enamel. Domin "ja zanen," da artist amfani da jaridar scraps, kusoshi, igiya da kuma sauran tarkace.

A shekarar 1951, Betty Parsons gallery nuna ayyukan wadannan Robert Rauschenberg. A zane-zane da aka sowa zargi nan da nan. Yana da jũna zama cikakken gazawar. A shekara ta 1952, da artist bar matarsa, iya kai shi bayyane bisexual da free hali. A shekara daga baya, Robert Rauschenberg ci gaba da aiki tare da choreographer Kenningemom. Fiye da shekaru goma da ya halitta domin kamfanin buga, kayayyaki, ya halarci a cikin halittar tatsuniyoyinsu.

Sharewa De Kooning

Wannan aikin yana daya daga cikin key ayyukan Rauschenberg. A 1953, da artist sayi wani sananne mai hoto aiki yayin da abstractionist De Kooning. Maimakon rataya hoto a wani frame a kan wani gado mai matasai a cikin falo, Rauschenberg ma share da ake kira "sharewa de Kooning zane." Saboda haka, ya kulla da marubucin kuma Ya halitta ba kawai wani sabon aiki na gwaninta, amma kuma wani sabon format kayan zane. Rauschenberg nan tsammanin postmodernism tare da Quote, co-marubucin da kuma Kaddamar da ma'ana. Bayan wannan hoto na wani saurayi artist fara magana.

hada zanen

Rauschenberg shi ne a kan gaba wajen wannan sabon abu, a matsayin style of pop art. A nan, kamar yadda art abubuwa da kuma abubuwa amfani sananne iyali abubuwa. A karkashin "hade zane-zane," da artist kawo tare da mafi mundane abubuwa, su juya su a cikin abubuwan da art. Ba zato ba tsammani, shi ya ba kawai wani hoto a cikin m ji maganar, amma kuma shigarwa, art abubuwa da assemblages. Ko da more fili da style of pop art aka bayyana a cikin daga baya ayyukan ƙwarai, Rauschenberg, idan an artist fara tafiyar da aikin ibãdar American pop da al'adu da kuma rayuwa a cikin su "decals", ko da yake ya nan cewa ya bayyana a cikin m, amma a general, mai kyau hali zuwa duniya .

Daya daga cikin shahararrun "hada da zane-zanen" An kira shi "Bed", an halitta a cikin shekara ta 1956. A hoton wani spring katifa na artist, tsĩrar tsaye da kuma sosai smeared Paint cewa ya halayyar m expressionism. Dole ne in ce cewa wannan salon ne na farko da na kasa Amurka kan duniya matakin, saboda haka, a gida avant-garde alfarma connotation. Ga dabara na m expressionism zai iya amfani da wani babban irony lokacin da ake ji m yadudduka na Paint a kan wani al'ada katifa, ba zato ba tsammani ya juya ga zama aiki na gwaninta.

amincewar kasashen duniya

A shekarar 1958, Leo Castelli Gallery ya bude ya solo nuni da Robert Rauschenberg. Aikinsa a wannan lokaci da alƙalai gane tagomashi. Za mu iya cewa daga wannan lokacin ne ya fara worldwide daraja na artist. A farkon 60s da ya fara haifar da "decals". Su ne wani madubi image collages na jaridu da kuma hotunan da cewa artist sanya a kan wani farin baya. A cewar marubucin, akwai za su hadu da rare alamomin al'adun {asar Amirka da abubuwa na m zane-zane.

A shekarar 1964, da artist gabatar da babban kyauta na Venice Biennale. Duk da cewa da wulakanci na al'ada bayan wannan taron, inda ya bayyana ma da Vatican, da style of pop art yanzu an hukumance gane. Rauschenberg aka sãka ba kawai abi'a amma kuma financially: farashin ya zane-zane nan take ya karu sau da yawa.

A gwaje-gwajen da dabara

A cikin 60s Rauschenberg halitta hadin gwiwa aikin da m Kluwer: Jama'a Association "Gwaje-gwajen a Art da kuma Technology". A wannan lokaci ya yi aiki a kan melnitsami- "bindigogi" tare da perspex gilashin ruwan wukake, wanda aka alamta cikin dũkiyar bayanai a cikin zamani duniya. A shekara ta 1969, da artist samu wani gayyatar daga Center for Space Research, NASA, sa'an nan Ya halitta lithographs "Petrified watã" zagayowar. A shekarar 1970, Rauschenberg bude sadaka ga matalauta, artists, da kuma gina gidansa-studio kusa da bakin tekun na Florida a kan Captiva Island. Ga ya mutu a cikin bazara na shekara ta 2008. A karshe zamani na master bai halitta wani abu stylistically sabon, ci gaba da aiki a kan collages.

Tare da Andy Warhol Rauschenberg daga cikin biyar mafi muhimmanci pop art artist. Yana da wuya ta yiwu ga overestimate da tasiri a kan zamani American art.