Simbirsk lardin: tarihi, yawan, masana'antu da kuma noma

Simbirsk lardin ya administrative-yankin naúrar na Rasha Empire tare da cibiyar a birnin Simbirsk. Yana da aka halitta daga wannan gwamna a 1796. Wannan administrative division dade har 1924, har sai da aka sake masa suna Ulyanovsk lardin. Bayan 4 shekaru a cikin Tarayyar Soviet ya fara bi tattalin arziki regionalization, wanda ke haifar a cikin Simbirsk lardin da aka soke. A farkon 1943, a manyan ɓangare na da tsohon ƙasa ya zama wani ɓangare na sabuwar kafa Ulyanovsk yankin.

A tarihin ƙasar

An sani cewa wannan yanki da aka zaune tun lokacin da. A farko shirin gaskiya shaida wannan da aka samu a kasashen larabawa rubuce-rubucen, dating daga X karni. Sai a wannan lokaci, da Kalifancin Bagadaza kokarin kafa dangantakar diplomasiyya tare da Bulgars zaune a kan waɗannan ƙasashe. A cewar tsoho records, a kudancin lardin rayu Burtases, da kuma a kan gaba na Volga River, ciki har da inda akwai Simbirsk - Mordvinians.

Bayan da karnuka uku akwai Tatars. A XIV karni ikon da Nizhny Novgorod sarakuna muhimmanci karfafa da kuma yanzu a mika wa dukan Mordovian ƙasashe har zuwa babba kai na sura, da kuma a kan wanda Forms da iyaka da taro dũkiyarku ba. Duk da haka, a cikin waɗannan kwanaki nan, fãce a 'yan sintiri da maki, da dama secluded ƙauyukansu da garuruwa Kurmyshev kasance kõme ba. Babu shakka cewa Rasha mulkin mallaka ya ba tukuna, ya zarce cikin kogin Sura.

A zamanin mulkin Ivan da Munin fara gina yarjejeniya a nan. City Alatir shi ne na farko, kuma daga baya a kusa da karfe kafa a da yawa garuruwa da Syzran Sengileevsky kananan hukumomi. Kusa da su kuma aka shirya musamman matsara fortifications, suka bauta wa kare yawan daga harin da outlaws, wanda shi ne ko da yaushe ba a kan Volga.

farko

Simbirsk fara fito fili a 1648, lokacin da gina Simbirsk ya a cike lilo. A lokaci guda a kudu maso yammacin shi gina na tsaron gida line, kunsha na shaft, da moat da katako Týn, bayan wanda zai iya ganin hasumiya, da mata kagarai. Wadannan karfafa miƙa mulki da kuma a lardin Penza. A saurã daga wadannan gine-gine duba kyawawan ban sha'awa, har ma a karshen XIX karni.

35 Bayan shekaru da suka gina birnin na Syzran. A XVI karni cikin Suratu da Kurmyshev riga an kafa lardin Office, suka kasance cikin Nizhny Novgorod yankin. Bayan mamaye na Kazan zuwa na ta mai da ƙasar tsakanin Suratu da Volga shiga cikin Simbirsk gundumar. Duk da haka, a lokacin farko administrative rabo daga cikin Rasha Empire, wanda ya faru a 1708, karkarar hakura da wani zuwa Kazan lardin. The na'urar Simbirsk gwamna da aka gudanar a 1780. A 1796 aka canza kama a Simbirsk lardin, da kuma a 1924 da manyan gari da aka sake masa suna Ulyanovsk.

yawan

Kananan hukumomi Simbirsk lardin a 1850-1920 gg. akwai 8 administrative raka'a a wadda a yawan jama'a, bisa ga 1897 ƙidaya, da yawan a cikin adadin:

● Alatyrskij - 158 188 mutane.;
● Ardatov - 189 226 mutane.;
● Buinsky - 182 056 mutane.;
● Korsun - 217 087 mutane.;
● Kurmysh - 161 647 mutane.;
● Sengileevskaya - 151 726 mutane.;
● Simbirsky - 225 873 mutane.;
● Syzran - 242 045 mutane.

Fifikon rabo na yawan aka aiki a fannin aikin gona. Duk da haka, da yawa aka tsunduma cikin wani iri-iri na zane-zane da kuma sana'o'i. A mafi manyan birane Simbirsk mutane aiki a kan da yawa masana'antu, ƙera wata iri-iri kayayyakin.

noma

Za mu iya cewa da tabbaci ba da babban zama na gida mazaunan ya namo na ƙasar. Mafi yawa daga cikin baƙauye Holdings ya karkashin arable ƙasar. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, tun da kauyen Simbirsk lardin yana da arziki, a kyakkyawar ƙasar. A filin na hunturu hatsin rai da aka shuka a ko'ina, amma a cikin spring - buckwheat, hatsi, gero, da kuma alkama. Bugu da kari, wadannan sassa aka girbe kyau da ake samu na sunflower, da waken soya, Peas, dankali, flax da sauransu. G. Taba kuma hops diluted m kawai Alatirskie, Aldatovskom, kuma Syzran Kurmysh gundumar. Fairly gagarumin amfanin gona dankali kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa da yankin lardin kasance sama 60 dankalin turawa treacle kuma sitaci masana'antu.

Simbirsk lardin ne ma sanannen domin ta gidãjen Aljanna. Gardening a cikin wadannan yankunan da aka ɓullo da ga mafi part a kan bankunan na Volga, amma kananan 'ya'yan itace dasa za a iya samu a cikin wasu yankuna. Yafi tsunduma a namo apple, pear, bergamot da plums. A wadannan wurare, aikin lambu sa artisanal hali.

Masana'antu da kuma kasuwanci

A mafi muhimmanci reshe na handicraft samar sun daban-daban iri iri na itace da sana'o'i. Sana'a samar kekunan shanun da kuma kuraye, da kuma sleds ƙafafun, lankwasa da baka da masu gudu, jita-jita da kuma kududdufai, da manyan cokula, da cikas, saka takalma da kuma saka mats. Musamman shahara ga wannan Aldatovsky, Korsun, Alatyr da Syzran gundumar na Simbirsk lardin. A cikin duka wadannan kamun kifi daukan game 7 dubu. Man.

Bugu da kari, akwai aka musamman ɓullo da kuma sauran sana'o'i. Waɗannan sun haɗa da dinki mittens da takalma, iyakoki da kuma huluna, felting da takalma da kuma yadi Scarves, saƙa kaya domin kama kifi da kuma vite igiyoyi, kazalika da sauran ayyukan. Don kara yada handicrafts gundumar majalisa shirya musamman sashen a noma nuna da kuma bikin, da kuma wasu makarantu ko da suna da nasu craft nazarinsa. Daga cikin abubuwan, da Simbirsk lardin ya shahara ga da cewa a nan wadãta kama kifi da sa-hannun ayyukan.

Amma ga masana'antu samar, ta 1898 akwai 18 woolen Mills, 14 distilleries, fiye da 3 da dubu. Gari Mills, 5 vodka da kuma 3 breweries, 7 sawmill, 1 cuku factory, kuma da yawa daga wasu harkokin kasuwanci. Kawai wannan shekara a kan ƙasa na lardin aka shirya 82 cinikayya bikin, da most of abin da ya faru a Simbirsk, Syzran da Korsun.