Sodium silicate

Silicates (daga Latin kalmar "silex" da aka fassara a matsayin "dutse") da ake kira metasilicic gishiri H2SiO3. Alal misali, sodium silicate, wanda sinadaran dabara aka rubuta kamar haka: Na2SiO3. Wani suna na gishiri - sodium metasilicate. Matauni taro na abu daidai 122,06 g / mol. Bayyanar - fari opaque lu'ulu'u da ciwon greenish tinge. Yawa shi ne daidai to 2.4 g / cm3. Tsarki ya tabbata a halin da Refractive index, wanda daidai 1,52. Narkewa batu - da 1088 ° C. The abu ne mai narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma insoluble a barasa. A tsarma ruwa-ruwa bayani yana da musamman Properties: shi kura idon a sabo ne qwai za a iya adana har zuwa watanni tara a dakin da zazzabi. Sodium silicate ne barga a tsaka tsaki da kuma alkaline kafofin watsa labarai, da kuma acid anion SiO3- reacts tare da H + cations ta samar da silicic acid.

Silica (wanda kuma ake kira silica ko silicic anhydride) ne mafi barga fili abin da ya auku da sauƙi a cikin nau'i na ma'adini. Yana lissafinsu 12% na da taro na duniya a ɓawon burodi. Silica gurbata da impurities ne na kowa yashi, wanda aka kafa ta halakar da dutse. A karkashin mataki na Alkali a silica sinadaran dauki: NaOH + SiO2 → Na2SiO3 + H2O. A sakamakon haka, a silicic acid gishiri - sodium silicate. Hydrolysis da gishiri (bazuwar da ruwa) haka makirci: 2Na2SiO3 + H2O → Na2SiO5 + 2NaOH , kuma sodium dvumetasilikat kafa. Tare da rage a taro na bayani, hydrolysis auku iskar. A 1N. hydrolyzed bayani na 14% gishiri a 0.1N. - 28% zuwa 0,001% - 32%. Hydrolysis na sodium dvumetasilikata riga gudana weaker.

Sodium silicate da aka kafa ta da hulda da silicon da wani Alkali: Si + H2O + 2NaOH → Na2SiO3 + 2H2. Irin dauki iya faruwa da rauni alkalies, kuma shi ne ma sosai sauƙi da ruwa, a gaban ko qananan adadin OH- anions isasshen burbushi na Alkali cirewa daga gilashi. Tun da sodium metasilicate kafa ne a gishiri da mai rauni metasilicic acid, a tsarma mafita shi ne kusan gaba daya hydrolyzed, da maida hankali OH- ions ba ragu a lokacin da dauki, don haka ya zo ƙasa ga bazuwar daga cikin silicon ruwa. Ba ne burbushi na Alkali mai kara kuzari. Daga 0,63 kg silicon a cikin wannan hanya da aka samu 1 M3 na hydrogen, alhãli kuwa baƙin ƙarfe, na bukatar kusan sau 4 more.

A masana'antu, daban-daban maki na sodium silicate, halin da rabo daga SiO2 da Na2O. Yana iya bambanta daga 2: 1 zuwa 3,75: 1. Cultivars da wani rabo daga 2,85: 1 da kuma a kasa suna dauke asali. Wadanda tare da wata babbar rabo ne halin a matsayin "tsaka tsaki." Sodium silicate a nau'i na mai ruwa-ruwa mai karfi mafita ne ruwa ko narkewa gilashi. Amma tare da Na2SiO3 a halin yanzu ruwa da gilashi da kuma sauran sodium silicates, duk da haka da ya saba abun da ke ciki bayyana ta da dabara, wanda shi ne m, Na2O • nSiO2, a cikinsa n = 2 ÷ 4. A hankali a hankali kawar da SiO2 (yawanci a lokacin shafe tsawon ajiya) take kaiwa zuwa wani hazo ko waterglass da hira wani lokacin gelatinous salla. Saboda haka, a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da shi da aka gudanar a tasoshin, rufe tare da roba stoppers, kamar yadda cortical ko gilashi to wuyansa na itace.

Sodium silicate da ake amfani da a samar da abu don wanka powders. A shekara-shekara samar da zubi gilashin ne dubban daruruwan ton. Ana amfani da, don ƙarfafa gona a lokacin yi (misali, kankare kasa screed kariya da abrasion), kazalika da sauran reagents, kamar sodium tripolyphosphate, amfani a mutane da yawa masana'antu (duka salts, msl, amfani ga ruwa softening). Impregnation Na2SiO3 mota kankare hanyoyi ƙwarai rage su lalacewa.

domin itace ko wasu kayan kare da wuta (msl, gine-gine ko Theatrical shimfidar wuri). Sau da yawa shi hidima a matsayin dalilin tsaurin cements ko takarda manne. Simple abun da ke ciki putty dace da bonding ain da gilashi. Su za a iya shirya da hadawa (zuwa kullu daidaito) alli da ruwa gilashi. A cakuda da sauri ta taurare, kuma ya jũya fari, da kuma wani sosai m taro.

Na sumunti, gauraye da ruwa gilashi, sa azumi hardening putty, wanda ake amfani da bonding duwatsu. A cakuda sodium silicate da sawdust ana amfani da su cika sarari tsakanin biyu ganuwar a wasu safes. Wannan ya sa su more wuta-resistant, da kuma hidima a matsayin ƙarin kariya da bude ta wajen acetylene mika wutar saboda nauyi hayaki da kuma triggering ƙararrawa.