Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt: yanayin da aiki, adireshin, photos

C a tarihi mai nisa garin Kronstadt, located a kan Kotlin Island a Gulf na Finland, aiki a matsayin mai tsaro a kasashen waje arewa maso yammacin Rasha a kan Baltic Sea. Duk da haka, ya aka sani ba kawai a matsayin soja sansanin, amma kuma a matsayin wurin zama na da yawa na tarihi dabi'u da kuma jan hankali na St. Petersburg alaka Maritime ɗaukaka.

Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da kuma m gine-gine ne St. Nicholas Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt. An located a cikin tsakiyar birnin, kuma shi ne ba kawai wani abin tunawa ga heroism da kuma ƙarfin hali na Rasha matuƙan, amma kuma ya aikata aikin quite m ayyuka a al'ada da holidays suna gudanar da ibada, baftisma da bikin aure.

Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt: Address

Rasha, Saint-Petersburg, Kronstadt, Anga Square, d. 1.

yanayin

Kronstadt Sojan Ruwa Cathedral, bude sa'o'i: kullum daga misalin karfe 9.30 zuwa 18.00.

Har ila yau, idan so, za ka iya samun akwai da bauta, wanda aka gudanar sau biyu a rana a 10,00 da kuma a 18.00.

Yadda za a samu a can?

Abin baƙin ciki, da ruwa hanyoyi wannan shekara an soke saboda low riba, don haka don samun zuwa St. Nicholas Cathedral iya yanzu kawai ƙasar kai:

- bas da lambar 405 zuwa Kronstadt daga jirgin karkashin kasa "Black River" to dakatar a Anga Square.

- № bas 407 a cikin Metro Kronstadt "Prospect Ilimi 'da ta dakatar a Anga yanki.

- Bus lambar 101 zuwa Kronstadt daga Metro tashar "Old Village" to a tasha a House of rai, sa'an nan - a kan kafar a kan Soviet Street zuwa anga Square.

TOTALS

Su bayyanar Sojan Ruwa Cathedral Nikolaya Chudotvortsa tuno Sophia coci a Istanbul. Da tsarin shi ne kusan m ga Turkish addini gidan kayan gargajiya ba, amma yana da yawa karami girma: tsawon Nicholas Cathedral bar 83 m, nisa - 64 m, tsawo daga wannan (ciki har da giciye) - dan kadan fiye da 70 m.

A lokaci guda a cikin St. Nicholas coci a babban ɓangare na shi, iya saukar game 3 dubu mutane.

Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt ta size mukamansu na biyu a Rasha bayan Moscow Kristi Mai-Ceto Cathedral.

labarin

Abubuwan da ake bukata don fara gina babban coci fara bayyana a ƙarshen XIX karni, a lokacin da tsibirin Kotlin ya riga ya samu matsayi na zama :. By wannan lokaci aka gina tashar jiragen ruwa, shipyards, docks, barikin soji. Amma tsanani Haikali, wanda zai alamar addini da taƙawa na Rasha sojojin, har yanzu bai wanzu ba.

Hakika, Orthodox Church da. Amma ta, idan aka kwatanta da a tsaye kusa da Lutheran chapels ya haka unprepossessing bayyanar da cewa babban proponent na gina wani sabon coci da kuma donators Archpriest Ioann Kronshtadtsky ne kullum zargi da maigidan. A cewar shi, daga wannan ya yiwu da kuma wasu kasawa a cikin Rasha sojan ruwa aiki. Bugu da kari, da majestic coci a kare da kuma kare Rasha daga encroachment baki, kamar yadda Haikali yake daidai da wannan jirgin, sarrafa ta Ubangiji.

Design: 1896 - 1902 shekaru.

A 1896, ta hanyar kokarin daya daga cikin initiators, da mataimakin-admiral kuma kwamandan da tashar jiragen ruwa na Kronstadt N. I. Kazakova, aikin ya fara a zayyana a nan gaba na St. Nicholas Cathedral. Guda biyu tare da su kai tsaye dalili, da Haikali ya ma da dorewar memory na fice sojan ruwa darajõji, kuma jami'an kashe a cikin line na wajibi.

na duniya gasar ga zane na Tsarin, kazalika da nada wani kwamitin tara kyaututtuka domin gina da aka sanar a 1897. Kudi bayar da kuma mambobi ne na sarauta iyali da kuma talakawa 'yan ƙasa, da kuma jami'an na da Navy Department. Af, na karshe a 1898 ake bukata don taimakawa 0.25% na albashi har 1914.

Kawai biyu na gasar a Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt da aka bai. Jadawali su kwanan rana 1897 da kuma 1898, a tsawon shekaru, amma babu wani daga cikin matakan zaba a matsayin wanda ya lashe, kuma ya kasance ba.

A watan Yuli 1899, Nicholas II aka riga amince da aikin da ya ba a baya halarci gasa AI Tomishko, amma yi ya saɓa wa wannan kwamiti, kuma a sakamakon ci gaba umurci V. A. Kosyakovu. A 'yan shekarun baya, wannan m ya riga ya gina biyu irin wannan batutuwa Haikali.

A 1901, V. A. Kosyakov gabatar na musamman soja taron biyu almara, daya daga wanda aka karshe amince, da kuma Nicholas II na, da kuma kwamitin. Future Sojan Ruwa Cathedral (Kronstadt) a kan wannan aikin ya yi kama da layi na Konstantinoful St. Sophia.

Bookmark: 1901-1903 gg.

A wuri domin gina Sojan Ruwa Cathedral aka zaba a 1898. Sun zama anga yankin saboda ta wadannan siffofin:

- wannan sashi shi ne tsakiyar birnin.

- wuri mallaki wani dagagge da kuma kare da ambaliya.

- bisa ga shirin, St. Nicholas Cathedral, located a nan, za a iya gani daga duk maki a Fairway.

- sararin yanki a gaban Haikalin zai yi aiki a matsayin wani farati ƙasa farati sojan ruwa sojojin.

- da girman da yanki kawai isa ga babbar babban coci.

A 1901, bayan da shiriya da aka kasaftawa kudi domin gina Haikali a Anga Square da aka gudanar a salla sabis. Land tsarkake kansa Ioann Kronshtadtsky. A taron ya samu halartar game 14.000 sojan ruwa da kuma jami'an hukumar cadets. Bayan bikin, ya fara aiki a share shafin, wanda dade watanni da dama.

1902 aka alama ta farko na tsari na rami da kuma kafuwar ga sojan ruwan Cathedral a Kronstadt.

A 1903 ya aza farko bango. Wannan ya faru a ranar May 8, a gaban Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas II, matarsa Alexandra Fyodorovna, uwar Maria Feodorovna kuma Prince Michael, Alexis da Vladimir.

Yi da kuma gama: 1903-1913 gg.

Kafin farkon 1905 ba su daina aikin gine-gine na sojan ruwa Cathedral. A Kronstadt, wani tsari da sarrafawa da shugabanci na kwamitin, duk da haka, har ma da darajoji ba zai tasiri a dakatar da aiwatar, ba zato ba tsammani fito a 1905-1906 saboda ciki jayayya. Wannan sa yafi gazawar samar da muhimmanci kayan gini: karfe Tsarin, tubalin da ado.

A 1907, aikin gina babban coci da aka sake buɗe fara ciki da ado. A kayan ado ya dauka fiye da gina kanta.

A 1908 muka gama shigar da dumama tsarin.

A 1913 an za'ayi da karshe mataki na karewa: a kan garun St. Nicholas Cathedral sanya wani plaque da sunayen da matattu matuƙan, Ya sanya daga marmara. Jerin ya hada da dukan ma'aikata tun 1696.

Yuni 10, 1913 Sojan Ruwa Cathedral aka tsattsarka a gaban sarki da iyalinsa. Ba wai kawai a Kronstadt, amma kuma a cikin St. Petersburg bakuncin wani babban idi a cikin girmamawa da wannan taron.

Bayan duk aikin da aka kammala, za mu recalculated da kudin na yi. A sakamakon haka, an gano cewa da kawai Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt da aka kashe a kusa da 1,876 da miliyan rubles.

St. Nicholas Cathedral a cikin kwanaki na juyin juya halin

Rated da manufar da haikalin ya yi dogon - kawai 4 years. A shekara ta 1914 yakin duniya na farko, a 1918, tsarin redeveloped karkashin farar hula bukatun, kuma a shekara ya wuce, ya yi da ikilisiya a contractual amfani.

A lokacin rani na shekara ta 1929 shi ne na karshe sabis a cikin sojan ruwan Cathedral of Kronstadt. Bayan haka, duk sauran bayan da looting da haikalin dukiyar da aka bayyana da kuma canjawa wuri zuwa jihar Asusun, Jihar Bank, da Navy da kuma Rasha gidajen tarihi.

Irretrievable asarar karfe bada jerin sunayen matuƙan zinariya immortalized a kan marmara Allunan. Daya ɓangare daga gare su ya, an farfashe, da sauran - yi amfani don taron jama'a aiki.

A 1930, da Bolsheviks aiko da za a narkar da kusan duk karrarawa da karfe kida da zai iya samu a cikin Haikalin. Domin ƙararrawa sanarwar da aka bar daya kawai kararrawa Tã yi game da 5000 kg. Akwai version cewa ma'aikatan kawai ba za a iya cire shi ba. Bayan 'yan watanni, daga saman da aka kika aika da crosses. Yanzu a kan na fi domes na Cathedral of fluttering ja flags.

A 1932, ciki daga coci da aka tuba a cikin wani cinema a 1939, gina sake, amma riga a karkashin House of Jami'an. Engineering Service kwanan nan ya yi gagarumin taimako ga tanadin da fasaha halaye na tsarin. Regular tabbatarwa ya taimaka ajiye da haikalin da kuma sadarwa daga dilapidation da cikakken devastation.

The Great Patriotic War kuma postwar lokaci

Tare da isowa na Nazi sojojin a kan Dome na sojan ruwa Cathedral sanye take kallo dandali. Yana gudana har da dagawa na kawancen. Duk da wannan yunkurin na 'yan kasa a lokacin yaki, da Haikalin samu' yan bawo, ramukan daga wanda cire daga baya, da kuma yi gyare-gyare a cikin ginin.

A karshen fadan, wani sabon ra'ayin: to gina a cikin sojan ruwan Cathedral concert zauren. A sakamakon haka, babban birnin kasar gine-gine da aka sanye take da wani ƙarya rufi, baranda, mataki da kuma bango partitions. Canji na gabatarwa da aka za'ayi har 1954, kuma ta sakamakon wani take hakkin da mutunci ganuwar da haikali - daga cikinsu ya tafi zuwa yawa fasa. A watan Fabrairu na shekarar 1955 da zauren da aka kaddamar. Akwai gudanar marece, kide, daban-daban nisha abubuwan. Bayan da rage daga cikin sojojin a cikin 60s. Hall sake zama daya daga cikin rassan da House of Jami'an.

Sojan Ruwa Cathedral: 70-ies. to wannan rana

A 1970, sani na yawan ya canza, kuma a cikin sojan ruwan Cathedral Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, an yanke shawarar zuwa overhaul da sabuntawa. A jihar dauki Haikali a karkashin reshe, ake sanya shi a matsayin al'adu tunawa.

1976 ya zama wani muhimmin abin tunawa a tarihin Orthodox gine-gine. Restoration Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt koma da asali bayyanar.

A shekarar 1978 akwai wata wuta a cikin ginin da Kronstadt matuƙan 'kulob din. A wannan yanayin da gabatarwa daga cikin sojan ruwan Cathedral sake zo zuwa ga ceto - da kulob din yana dan lokaci housed a Haikali.

May 8, 1980, a rana sadaukar da ranar tunawa da nasara a kan Jamus da sojoji a St. Nicholas Cathedral da aka bude gidan kayan gargajiya, mai suna bayan da Kronstadt sansanin soja. Its yankin ya dan kadan kasa da 1,000 m ^2, da kuma a cikin tarin kasance kamar 3,000 abubuwa, wanda sun kai mana daga lokacin yaki.

The gine da kuma kayan ado na Sea Cathedral

A waje na ginin abubuwa prevalent a Romanesque style. Facade haske tubali sahu, ginshikan, portals da kuma tashe baka, tare da Bugu da kari na mahara ado abubuwa da kuma ado. Duk da m da m tsarin girma saboda da yawa da kayan ado, ba ƙirƙirar ji na awkwardness.

A portal sama main ƙofar portal aka yi wa ado da mosaic images of malã'iku da wani Quote from Zabura 112 "daga gabas zuwa yamma hvalno sunan Ubangiji!" A dai gefen ne biyu belfry da gilt arches da gumaka a gaban panel.

Babban ado na Cathedral na Sea ne, ba shakka, ta babban Dome. Bright, babbar, richly zĩnãriya anka, Allaha a kan "drum" na mutane da yawa okonets, shi halitta mai gaske m kwarewa.

Don ƙofar da dama dutse matakai da Cathedral of St. Nicholas. Doors - m, ado da sassaka da kuma images of tsarkaka.

Tu view na sojan ruwa Cathedral involuntarily yakan. A tsakiyar Dome na nan ze ko da fadi. Its diamita ne 27 mita da kuma tsawo daga bene har zuwa domes - 52 mita. A tarnaƙi ga adjoin biyu mafi domes, amma karami. Kara da sarari a tarnaƙi na bude galleries.

Daga cikin Haikali aka karin gaskiya yawa: giant sarari cike da mosaics sanya a Byzantine style. A ciki ya hada da yawa images of kifi, tsiren ruwan teku, teku dawakai, jirãge. Musamman hankali ya kamata a iconostasis da stained canvases aunawa 52 murabba'in mita kowane.

Ba za mu iya watsi da baki marmara plaque da sunayen da matattu matuƙan - duk da cewa an salvaged da kuma mayar da daga abu wulakantacce. Suna located kewayen kewaye na St. Nicholas Cathedral kuma, akwai babban alama.

A addu'a gidan yana da uku bagadai, ya keɓe a cikin girmamawa Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, kazalika da Bitrus da Bulus da St. Yahaya. Suna sanya a yammacin portal. A arewacin da kudancin ake yi wa ado da images of Our Lady of Kazan kuma St. Mitrofanii bi da bi. Restoration Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt taimaka wa kawo da mu sau wadannan hotuna a duk daraja da ƙawa.

Idan ka sha'awan da m kyau na sojan ruwa Cathedral a talakawa kwanaki iya zama iyaka, sa'an nan da ranar Orthodox holidays, ya aka canza kama zuwa cikin mafi girma mataki. M layuka na kyandirori da fitilu sa bangarori, gilt kuma akwai gilashi windows haskaka da sparkle, yin ishãra tsõro, kuma kauri girmamawa. A sakamakon kara habaka da ƙawa da gudana sabis kuma da tsarkakewa daga cikin coci mawaka, located a kan baranda daga cikin gallery. Babu mafi m da kuma monumental birni na Kronstadt jan hankali: Sojan Ruwa Cathedral - a gaskiya alama ce da tsibirin Kotlin, wani abin tunawa ga jaruntakar da na Rasha Sea da kuma mai tsaron ta ruwa arewacin kan iyakoki.

Aiki Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a yau

Yau, St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa aiki a cika yanayin. Works on manyan maido da ta waje da kuma ciki ado, kazalika da na ruhaniya da kuma m shrine matsayi fara shekaru 15 da suka wuce, a lokacin da a 2000 a karon farko tada tambaya na Tarurrukan na sojan ruwa hadisai da kuma dawowar Orthodox Monuments a cikin ƙirjinka daga cikin Church.

A shekara ta 2002, da fall a saman Haikalin da aka gina wani sabon simintin gyara a Pushkin Sofia shuka bakwai-mita giciye. 3 Bayan shekaru, na farko domin irin wannan lokaci mai tsawo, da ibadar da girmama na Ioanna Kronshtadtskogo aka sanya.

Kai tsaye da hannu a cikin maido da haikalin ya ɗauki matarsa da shugaban kasar Rasha D. A. Medvedeva - Svetlana. A watan Maris na 2009 a Sergiev Posad Lavra da ta sa hannu ya da wani taro na Majalisar waliccinsu yi Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt, wanda aka sanya hannu a yanke shawara tsayar da eponymous sadaka tushe. Tuni a cikin May wannan shekara, aka kafa da ta fara aiki ya yi daidai da ba riba kungiyar.

Disamba 2009 alama farkon manyan sikelin-maimaitawa Haikali a birnin Kronstadt. Sojan Ruwa Cathedral, aiki ne don kammala aikin gina da kuma ado ba sun hada da ziyarar da baƙi da kuma parishioners, May 28, 2013 aka tsarkake sarki na Moscow da kuma All Rasha Kirill a gaban yawa wakilan da Rasha Orthodox Church, jama'a Figures, kazalika da darajoji na Black Sea, Arewa , da Pacific da kuma Baltic jiragen ruwa.

A ranar, da yawon shakatawa - ba kawai dalilin da ya ziyarci Sojan Ruwa Cathedral a Kronstadt. Baftisma na manya da yara, bikin aure, daban-daban da sabis - duk kawai aka gudanar a St. Nicholas coci, kamar yadda a cikin wani coci a Rasha.

Ina so in yi imani da cewa ban tausayi tarihi na abin tunawa ne karshe kan. Yanzu ba kawai Russia daga duk fadin kasar, amma kuma da yawa yawon bude ido daga kusa da nesa kasashen waje sukan samu zuwa tsibirin Kotlin yin shaida da grand Wuri Mai Tsarki a birnin Kronstadt - Sojan Ruwa Cathedral. ta yanayin da aiki, ko da yake Standard - kullum - amma yana da daraja tuna cewa, dangane da karshe bude na Great Orthodox Holiday haikali parishioners cika gaba daya. A wannan connection, shi ne shawarar zuwa zabi wasu kwanaki ga wani na sosai jarrabawa na dakin ibada.