Stances - shi ... Abin da stanzas a cikin adabi? Stanzas na Pushkin, Lermontov, Yesenin da sauran kasida

Stances ne mai Genre na na da shayari, wanda ya kasance rare da a cikin shayari na baya dazamani. Daban-daban marubuta halitta stanzas, sau da yawa ya juya zuwa wannan ayar da kuma Rasha kasida.

Ta yaya stanzas

Italiya ne dauke da haifuwa daga stanzas. The kalmar "stanza" da aka fassara daga Italian matsayin "dakin" ko "tasha." Station a cikin Italian Renaissance gine - daki a cikin abin da ya sanya hannu takardunku ko gudanar da muhimmanci tarurruka, kamar Stanza della Senyatura. A da halittar kuma da kayan ado na cikin dakin da hannu cikin shahararrun Rafael Santi.

A adabi stanzas - a stanza, kowanne daga abin na da musamman ma'anar, watau, kowane sabon aya ba ta ci gaba da baya daya, amma shi ne mai cikakken cikakke. Daya stanza nuna wani daya ra'ayin, amma a kan dukan waka stanzas ake organically da alaka da juna da kuma tare haifar da wani m dukan.

Stanzas a na da adabi

Saboda haka, Italiya ya mahaifar stanzas, kuma akwai su sukan yi amfani da su, ka tsarkake mambobi ne na nobility. Da farko stanzas rubuta Andzhelo Politsiano, Italiyanci mawãƙi, wanda ya rayu a karni na 15th, kuma suka sadaukar da Dzhuliano Medichi. A Italian adabi stanzas - wannan waka, wanda ya kunshi takwas stanzas da rhyme.

stanzas na Byron

Dzhordzh Gordon Byron - mai girma Birtaniya mawãƙi ne, wanda yake wani zamani na Pushkin. Byron ta shayari aka sadaukar da girman kai na mutum ruhu, da kyau na soyayya. Byron dauki bangare a cikin fitina, da kuma Carbonari na Girkawa, da kuma ya rubuta "Stanzas" a shekarar 1820.

Akwai stanzas na Byron, sadaukar da Girka da kuma kyakkyawan sasanninta na Greek yanayi. Babban taken da ya stanzas - a soyayya ga kyau Greek mace, da kuma Helenanci gwagwarmayar 'yanci da' yancin kai. Byron ta shayari yana da babban tasiri a kan aikin na Pushkin.

Stanzas a Rasha shayari

Stances - mai salo wanda a Rasha shayari fara inganta a cikin karni na sha takwas. A Rasha adabi, wannan kadan waka, wanda ya kunshi quatrains, kuma mafi yawansu ba ta size - shi ne iambic tetrameter. Stanzas a Rasha adabi kishin kagaggun lyrical soyayya ga wata yarinya, amma wani lokacin da aka hade da zamantakewa da al'adu, ga cimma gaci, a cikin rãyuwar kasar, kamar Pushkin stanzas.

stanzas na Pushkin

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin ya rubuta sanannun "Stanzas" a cikin kaka na 1827. A wannan aikin, wanda aka tattauna sau da dama, akwai wani hoto na Bitrus, mai girma, sanannen Rasha sarki.

Bayyanar wannan waka an haɗa da farkon sarautar na Nicholas. Pushkin, "Stanzas" wanda ya fara yabon sarki ikon, suna begen cewa wannan monarch zai canza rayuwar talakawa mutane ga mafi alhẽri. A nasa bangare, Nicholas I aka fatan cewa zai taimake shi soothe Pushkin matasa jin zuciya. Ya nuna Pushkin taimako a canza ilimi da horo tsarin.

"Stanzas" kwatanta biyu wadanada: Bitrus Mai girma da manyan-jikan Nicholas. Manufa domin Pushkin ne Bitrus. Wannan sarki ya mai gaskiya ma'aikacin, wanda shi ne ba ƙi wani zama. Shi ma wani navigator, da kuma malaman jami'a, da kuma kafinta. Kwana a wadda dokoki na Bitrus, mai girma, bisa ga Pushkin, sanya Rasha mai girma da iko. Ko da yake wannan sarki ya rufe farkon ta zama yanke hukuncin kisa ƙyãmã, amma daga baya da taimakon da Rasha iya zama mai girma. Peter kullum karatu da kuma sanya su koyi da wasu, ya yi aiki domin a ɗaukaka kasar su.

Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin, "Stanzas" wanda ya zama shahararren ayyuka a Rasha adabi kira da Sarkin sarakuna Nicholas I maimaita feat Bitrus da ya kawo Rasha zuwa wani sabon matakin.

Bayan da "Stans", a game da wannan lokaci, da mawãƙi rubuta waka "Abokai" da kuma "The Annabi". Yana da aka zaci cewa duka uku na wadannan kasidu samar da wata guda jerin, kuma za ta buga a "Moscow Gazette" mujallar a cikin 1828. Amma Pushkin fatan bai zo gaskiya: da sarki ya haramta littafin na da waqe-waqe, kamar yadda Pushkin ce Rasha Cif na 'yan sandan Benkendorf.

Lermontov stanzas

Mihail Yurevich Lermontov ne daya daga cikin ababuwa artists a Rasha shayari. Mene ne wani stanza, Lermontov koya bayan karatun Turanci shayari, musamman ayyukan Byron.

Stances ne Lermontov waka kamar yadda kananan, wanda ba a bayyana ta Genre fasali. A cikin shekaru 1830-1831 Lermontov rubuta shida waqe cewa siffar za a iya bayyana a matsayin stanzas. Su main theme ne romantic soyayya, a waqe na wani saurayi ya jũya zuwa ga masõyansa. Lermontov, stanzas wanda sun taso a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da ayyukan Dzhona Bayrona "Stanzas zuwa Augusta" na da wani tasiri a kan wallafe-wallafen al'adun da rubutu irin ayyukan bayan shi.

Lermontov ta waka ta cika da bakin ciki na protagonist, wanda yake ganin wahayin ƙarya da kuma zullumi na rayuwarsa a duniya, mafarkai na wani rai. A mawãƙi ya rubuta game da Loneliness a cikin wannan duniya ya misalta kansa da dutse cewa withstands da mãsu alãma daga iska da kuma hadari, amma ba zai iya kare su daga tashin zuwa launi na kankara. Mikhail Lermontov, wanda stanzas cikakken bayyana da ganewarsu na mawãƙi, ya zama wani abin koyi ga sauran halitta na Rasha wallafe-wallafe.

stanzas Ann

Innokentiy Fedorovich Annensky dauke da wani "swan Rasha wallafe-wallafe." Sun gano su poetic gwaninta a cikin shekaru 48 da shekaru, Innokentiy Annensky ya zama wani shahararren wallafe-wallafen mahalicci. Ya waka "Stanzas na dare" ya sananne aukuwa a cikin zamani wallafe-wallafe. Da abun ciki - da fata na taron tare da ƙaunataccen, wanda ya zo a cikin duhu na dare. Mutane da yawa masu bincike yi imani da cewa shi da shayari yana a na kowa tare da shayari na Impressionists, musamman, tare da zane-zane na Claude Monet.

stanzas Esenina

Sergey Aleksandrovich Esenin ya zama wakilin sabon Rasha adabi, wanda ya dauki gefe na Soviet iko. Ya cikakken goyon bayan Oktoba juyin juya halin, da kuma dukan ayyukan da ake nufin tallafa da pop sa'an nan Soviet tsarin, don taimaka wa ayyukan da jam'iyyar kwaminis. Amma a lokaci guda, su ma suna da nasu halaye.

Duk da yake a Baku, a Azerbaijan, da mawãƙi fara rubuta "Stanzas". Yesenin kansa ya ambaci wannan a cikin waka: ya fi son barin Moscow saboda rashin fahimtar juna da 'yan sanda. Amma, ba su gane ta flaws ( "bari ya faru wani lokacin na bugu"), da kuma Yesenin rubuta cewa ya manufa - su yi ta raira ba 'yan mata, da taurari da kuma da watã, da kuma sunan Lenin da Karl Marx. Ya musanta rinjayar Runduna cikin al'ummar dan Adam. A mutane da kansu dole ne duk da za a gina a kan ƙasar, ya ce mawãƙi, kuma ga cewa kana bukatar ka yi dukan masana'antu ƙarfinsa.

Yesenin ba da gangan ba da aikin da ake kira "Stanzas", da waka ne a fili Makamantan bayanai Pushkin ta "Stanzas." Yesenin an sha'awar na Pushkin, kwanciya da furanni a kan abin tunawa. Amma Yesenin tunani stanzas - ba wani nau'i na soyayya shayari, a matsayin wata hanya bayyana su jama'a matsayi.

"Stanzas" Esenina ba ya gana da yardar shugabannin jam'iyya wanda ya so ya gani a cikin mawãƙi Yesenin kaucewa jam'iyyar, sadaukar da akida na juyin juya halin. Amma wannan waka kiwon mawãƙi ta nuna daga "Moscow taverns" ga sabon Soviet gaskiya. Saboda haka ya ce da yawa masu sukar. Domin wannan aiki farincikin ya mayar da martani mujallar sandarka. "Red Virgin Kasar gona", wanda ya ji cewa Yesenin, a karshe, shi ne da gaske ya, a Soviet mawãƙi ne. A daidai shugabanci na mawãƙi dauke da sakamako na da amfani sakamakon sauyin Baku, inda ya sa'an nan ya rayu, da kuma abota da Petrom Ivanovichem Chaginym.

stanzas Brodsky

Iosif Aleksandrovich Brodsky an yi fice a Rasha mawãƙi, wanda aka daidai da mallakar Rasha da kuma Turanci harsuna. Ya lashe kyautar Nobel a gwada matasa shekaru - 47 years.

A 'yan qasar na St. Petersburg, ya rayu farko a Rasha, sa'an nan a cikin United States. A duk ya waqe ya haskaka Petersburg, sau da yawa sosai da wannan birni da aka ambata a cikin shahararrun aiki "Stanzas birni."

Wurare da dama a nazarin da littafin "New Stanzas zuwa Augusta" nuna cewa wannan aiki sau da yawa amfani lexical raka'a kamar sunayen Marie kuma Telemachus, da kuma kalmomi "Madame", "masoyi", "aboki". Babban makõmarku "New stanzas zuwa Augusta" - a lover wanda aka jiran abokinsa. Don ta fuskar duk da m kira na mawãƙi ne. A cewar Brodsky ta waqe za a iya hukunta cewa irin wannan stanzas a cikin wallafe-wallafe. A tsakiyar hali na Brodsky ta lyrical gwarzo ne kuma muhimmanci da shayari gudun hijira motif.

Tarin "New Stanzas zuwa Augusta" da aka sadaukar domin Marii Basmanovoy. Yana featured ba kawai images of lyrical heroes, amma kuma batutuwa. Bã su da wani m ma'anar. Lyrical gwarzo ya ba da budurwa a zobe da turquoise. Turquoise - dutse, Ya sanya daga ƙasusuwan mutane. A gwarzo tambaya da ƙaunataccen da ya sa wannan dutse a kan zobe yatsa.

A cikin waka "A yanki na gudun amarci," marubucin ya duba Maritime ƙamus. Masõyansa sunan ne Marina, don haka ya biya musamman da hankali ga marine theme.

The waka "Night Flight" An kishin tafiya a ciki daga cikin jirgin sama, da kuma mawãƙi ya yarda cewa ya ko da yaushe ya so ya tafi zuwa Asiya ta tsakiya. Tafiya a kan wani jirgin saman domin shi yana da biyu ma'anar - shi ne wani jirgin zuwa wani rai, da tafiya zuwa tashin matattu. A mawãƙi burin wani daban-daban gaskiya, inda babu wani baƙin ciki da wahala.