Troubadour - wannan ... Serenade Troubadour

Troubadour - makaɗin garaya, ko da mawãƙi-mawaki, da suka rayu da aiki a wani lokaci a cikin wani wuri. More musamman - a Provence XI-XII ƙarni. Da kalmar da aka samu daga fi'ili trobar, wanda aka fassara daga Provencal (ko Occitan) na nufin "to rubuta."

da haifuwa na troubadours

Provence (tarihi yanki dake a kudu-gabashin kasar) ne shimfiɗar jariri, da Faransa al'adu, kazalika da kerawa na minstrels na tsakiyar zamanai cikakka aza harsashin ginin na farko da wallafe-wallafen harshen - Romanesque. Yana iya jãyayya da cewa troubadour - a kai tsaye precursor na duk kasida na Catalonia da kuma Arewacin Italiya, kazalika da minnesingers, sunã tasbĩhi soyayya trouveres, na da almara kasida, da kuma na Dante, da kuma duk wanda ya zo bayan shi. A XI-XII ƙarni shi dandana mai girma tattalin arziki Provence, da kuma bayan shi - da kuma al'adu Tarurrukan. Akwai musamman irin kotu Da'a na jarumtan dangane da ikon nuna hali a cikin al'umma, ya zama da ban sha'awa da kuma lashe zukatan kyau Ladies, sai ku bauta ƙaunataccen matsayin icon kuma yi daraja ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma feats saboda shi. Provencal shayari, bauta da wani unattainable misali ga duk kewaye mutane, suna ta raira waƙa da gõde da Knights, wanda zai iya zama a matsayin kyakkyawan lady.

Haihuwa na wani sabon Trend in adabi

A wani dunkule halitta na troubadour - a courtly mawãƙi, waɗanda ayyukansu cike da sadaukarwa Ladies. Authors da aikatawa na ayyukan dauke da kansu bayin da vassals na mata yabe ta nobility, kyakkyawa, sophistication, da kuma sauran abũbuwan amfãni, kazalika da Ayyukan Manzanni aikata a sunan Knights na zuciya sarauniya. Ya kamata a lura da cewa, da bambanci ga jaruntakar almara daukaka heroism na mutane, troubadour shayari nuna ci gaban da mutum sani. Specific haruffa, kamar Tristan ko da Knights na Zagaye Table, yi takamaiman ayyuka a cikin sunan mata ta fi so. An yi imani da cewa na farko troubadour, da ake kira, Guillaume ya IX, Duke na Aquitaine. A wannan yanayin, da Troubadour - mai kyau cancanta laƙabi da talented da kuma nasara mawãƙi ne, wanda ya samar da kuzari ga dukan Faransa wallafe-wallafe.

Wakilai daga courtly adabi

Domin na farko mawãƙi-kida na Provence ne Gocelmo Fedi, Peire Vidal, Giraut de Bornelh, Giraut Riker da sauransu. Sha'awa, da troubadours sun mata. Mun san sunayen da 17. Mafi mashahuri na su - Beatrice de Dia. Haka kuma, a cikin XII karni, iko da dama manyan feuds, wanda aka karkashin jagorancin jadawalai, ya zama majiɓinci na zane-zane, haƙĩƙa, sun shige a hannun mata. Babu shakka, a cikin County na Carcassonne, da Duchy na Aquitaine, a Nîmes, Narbonne da Bezerskom vikonstvah art da kuma adabi ta wadãta a zamanin da Ladies in full Bloom. Daya daga cikin shahararrun ayyukan adabi courtly yana dauke da "Lancelot" Chretien de Troyes. A labari a cikin aya extols da soyayya da Sarauniya Dzhinerve, matar almara Arthur, kuma ayyukanku saboda shi, ya aikata daya daga cikin shahararrun Knights na Zagaye Table Lancelot.

Rarrabe fasali na kerawa troubadours

Makaɗin garaya zai iya zama wani mutum da ke da ikon tsara impromptu, kuma ya mallaki wani m kayan aiki. Ya yi ya zama sane da duk labarai, musamman da kotun, da kuma don Master ma'adanin na dabara flattery. Amma, da troubadours rera waka na soyayya, spring, da farin ciki na rayuwa. Kuma ko da yake da Albigensian jihadi (1209-1229 shekaru jerin kamfen Kanmu domin kauda karkatacciyar koyarwa) gaba daya daina su zama, wadannan mawaƙa, kasida da songwriters sun bar wani babban al'adu da kyaun memory na kansa. Don su kerawa, Tarurrukan romantic sha'awa ba ta kasu, kuma a cikin lokaci. A sosai sunan mawaki da kuma mawãƙi "troubadour" sauti kyau, amma a kwanakin akwai mutane da yawa sunayen: trouveres, makaɗin garaya, Bard da minnesinger. By Genre, musamman girmama troubadours su ne da farko canzone da Sirvent, da kuka, da Albian pastorela, tensona Ballad. Duk wadannan daban-daban a cikin tsari da kuma theme songs, amma su a haɗe da ladabi da tsari da kuma rhyme m daidaito. A rubuce-rubucen suke dashi, akwai har zuwa 500 sunayen troubadours, 40 daga wanda an san magoya kuma connoisseurs wakoki. Daga cikin XIV karni, manufar "troubadour" da aka manta, amma Romantic kasida a cikin aikinsa Labarai gãdon na da minstrels, da kuma ban sha'awa a cikin su ya barke tare da sabunta karfi. Wannan babban Italian mawaki mai suna daya daga cikin Masterpieces wannan kalma.

A mafi girma opera

"Il Trovatore" Dzhuzeppe Verdi wasar kwaikwayo ta waka mai girma, rubuta zuwa libretto da Salvatore Cammarano abokinsa da ya ga hasken a 1853, bayan mutuwar librettist ya zama daya daga cikin mafi girma da ayyuka na George. Verdi. Ko da yake events aka bayyana a cikin shi, ya kasance a cikin XV karni, da kotu mawãƙi-mawaki, Manrico, protagonist daga cikin ayyukan da ake kira troubadour. Wannan aiki shi ne baiwa mawaki a kan wani par tare da wadanda ya operas kamar "Rigoletto" da "La Traviata." Mawaki haka kama da ra'ayin daga cikin play A. G. Guteresa, wani Spanish marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, cewa duk music ga m wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da ya rubuta for 29 days. "Troubadour" - wasar kwaikwayo ta waka, wanda premiered a Roma a kan Janairu 19, 1853, nan da nan ya zama musamman rare, da kuma nasara da kusan dukkan kasashen Turai. Wonderful music, babban solos rufe famously juya rikici na mãkirci, wanda ya samu halartar Gypsies sata Count ta yara, son tsakanin 'yan'uwa biyu, daya mace, duel tsakanin su, da mutuwar kusan duk haruffa. Akwai da yawa labaru na duk lokaci. M wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da ke sa music kawai kwantantuwa Dzhuzeppe Verdi.

A Tarurrukan ban sha'awa a cikin hanyar a Soviet sau

A kasar, da sunan "troubadour" aka kuwa ɗaukaka ta shahara zane mai ban dariya, Part 1 of wanda aka buga a 1969, da kuma 2nd - a 1973. Troubadour na "Bremen Town Musicians" ya zama daya daga cikin shahararrun zane mai ban dariya haruffa. A babban rabo na farko part, wahayi zuwa gare ta tatsuniyoyi na Brothers Grimm, ya sa marubuta Yuri Entin, Vasily Livanov, mawaki Gennady Gladkov ga halittar follow-up, wanda aka kira "A zambiyõyin Bremen Town Musicians". Ko da yake na biyu, na da kõme ba su yi tare da babban Jamus bayar da labarun, ya juya daga nishadi, ban sha'awa da kuma kalla fi so Soviet masu kallo fiye da na farko.

A wannan haruffa: Princess da Troubadour, cat da kuma kare, jaki, kuma zakara - ci gaba da kasada. A fili amfani da sassa biyu ne music.

Wonderful Soviet Troubadour

Ƙarni da dama girma a kan wadannan songs, su ne wuce yarda rare da recognizable. Serenade Troubadour "The ray na zinariya rana ..." ci gaba da zane mai ban dariya, cike da Muslim Magomayev zama m fitacciyar. Bugu da kari, da singer a wannan bangare busa mafi m jami'in tsaro da kuma atamansha. Su songs ma gane da kuma ƙaunar da masu sauraro. Zai yiwu saboda zane mai ban dariya, shi ne mafi akai-akai yi daga sharhin na abubuwa m singer wanda yana ba da song - fashe ragargaje hit. Serenade Troubadour, tare da "Melody", "bikin aure", "Nocturne", ya shiga cikin taskar kasa mataki. The song "The ray na zinariya rana ..." ya kawo M. Magomayev kyautar "Best movie" 2008.