Tuki LEDs kunshe a cikin cibiyar sadarwa 220

Shi ya zama Popular lighting LED fitilu. The abu ne cewa, wannan ɗaukar hoto ne ba kawai iko isa, amma kuma kudin-tasiri. Light-emitting diodes - a semiconductor diode a wani epoxy ambulan.

Da farko sun kasance quite rauni, kuma tsada. Amma daga baya a samar da an bayar da wani sosai mai haske fari da kuma shudi diodes. By lokacin da kasuwar farashin fadi. A lokacin, akwai LEDs na wani launi, wanda shi ne dalilin yin amfani da su a fannoni daban daban. Wadannan sun hada da ɗaukar hoto na daban-daban da dakuna, lighting nuni da kuma] aukar, da yin amfani da hanya da ãyõyinMu, kuma zirga-zirga hasken wuta a cikin gida da kuma fitilolin mota motoci, wayoyin hannu da sauransu. D.

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LEDs cinye kadan iko, tare da sakamakon cewa irin ɗaukar hoto ne a hankali maye gurbin baya data kasance haske kafofin. A sana'a Stores, za ka iya sayan wani iri-iri abubuwa dangane LED lighting, jere daga al'ada fitila da LED tsiri, kammala LED bangarori. Su duk da a kowa ne cewa su dangane bukatar a halin yanzu na 12 ko 24 V.

Ba kamar sauran haske kafofin cewa amfani da dumama rabi ne amfani da wani semiconductor guntu wanda ya haifar da Tantancewar radiation ƙarƙashin rinjayar halin yanzu.

Don gane da kewaye na LEDs 220 kunshe a cikin cibiyar sadarwa, kana bukatar ka fara zuwa ce, cewa ba zai iya ci kai tsaye daga cibiyar sadarwa. Saboda haka, yin aiki tare da LEDs bukatar su bi wani takamaiman jerin su dangane da high-ƙarfin lantarki cibiyar sadarwa.

A lantarki Properties na LEDs

A halin yanzu-ƙarfin lantarki halaye na LED - yana da wani sanyi line. Wannan shi ne, idan irin ƙarfin lantarki za su ƙara akalla kadan, sa'an nan na yanzu zai kara sharply, wannan zai haifar da zafi fiye da kima na LED, bi da wani burnout. Don kauce wa wannan, shi wajibi ne don hada a kewaye halin yanzu iyakance resistor.

Amma yana da muhimmanci kada su manta game da matsakaicin baya ƙarfin lantarki LED 20 V. A hali na dangane da wani polarity sokewa cibiyar sadarwa zai lashe ƙarfin lantarki na 315 volts, cewa shi ne 1,41 sau fiye da na yanzu. Gaskiyar ita ce, a halin yanzu cibiyar sadarwa na 220 volts AC, da kuma shi da farko ke a daya shugabanci sa'an nan a mayar da sake.

Domin ya hana halin yanzu dabba ba a kanta a gaban shugabanci na LED dangane kewaye dole ne kamar haka: a diode kewaye da aka kunna ta. Ya yi miss baya ƙarfin lantarki. A wannan dangane da shi ya zama a layi daya.

Wani LED kewaye sharuddan sauyawa cibiyar sadarwa 220 ne shigarwa na biyu anti-layi daya LEDs.

Amma ga mains ikon samar da faduwa resistor, shi ne ba da mafi kyaun zaɓi. Saboda resistor zai ba kashe wani karfi da iko. Alal misali, lokacin da yin amfani da 24 kOhm resistor, da ikon masha'a ne kamar 3 watts. Lokacin da jerin ikon diode saukad da rabi. Baya ƙarfin lantarki a diode ya zama daidai to 400 V. Lokacin hada biyu counter LEDs, za ka iya sa biyu dvuhvattnyh resistor. Da juriya dole ne sau biyu a matsayin kasa. Yana yiwuwa a daya faru biyu lu'ulu'u na launi daban-daban. Yawanci, guda crystal na ja, da sauran kore.

A cikin akwati inda resistor 200 ne ohms, da gaban da kariya diode ba bukata, tun da yanzu a cikin Reverse shakka shi ne kananan da ba zai haifar da lalata crystal. Wannan makirci ne da hada da LEDs a cikin cibiyar sadarwa yana daya drawback - karamin haske kwan fitila mai haske. Ana iya amfani da, misali, domin na cikin gida lighting canji.

Saboda gaskiya cewa halin yanzu a cikin AC mains, shi ba ka damar kauce wa ba dole ba bayar wa na wutar lantarki ga dumama iska ta wajen iyakance resistor. Tare da wannan aiki jimre capacitor. Bayan duk, ya kuskure da alternating halin yanzu kuma ba mai tsanani.

Yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa condenser dole wuce biyu da mains rabin sake zagayowar, don haka abin da ya ya iya wuce wani alternating halin yanzu. Kuma tun da ya jagoranci gudanar da kawai a daya shugabanci, shi ne Dole a saka wani al'ada diode (LED kuma ƙarin) anti-layi daya LED. Sa'an nan, ya ba zai buga na biyu rabin lokaci.

Lokacin da kewaye sharuddan sauyawa cibiyar sadarwa LED 220 aka kashe, da irin ƙarfin lantarki a capacitor zai kasance. Wani lokaci ko da wani cikakken mawadãta daga 315 V. Yana yi barazanar yajin halin yanzu. Don kauce wa wannan, kana bukatar ka samar a Bugu da kari ga capacitor da sallamar resistor yana da babban fuska darajar, wanda a cikin hali na cire daga cibiyar sadarwa nan da nan suka sallame da capacitor. Ta hanyar wannan resistor a lokacin da al'ada aiki, yanzu gudana kadan, kada zafi da shi.

Domin kariya da pulsed caji halin yanzu da kuma fis kamar yadda kafa low juriya resistor. A capacitor dole al'ada, wanda aka tsara domin wani alternating halin yanzu kewaye da ba kasa da 250 V, ko 400 V.

Students jerin dangane da LED haske kwan fitila ya shafi shigarwa na da dama LEDs alaka a jerin. Domin wannan misali, daya kawai counter diode.

Tun da irin ƙarfin lantarki drop na halin yanzu a fadin resistor ne kasa, daga ikon tushen dole ne mu cire daga cikin jimlar ƙarfin lantarki drop fadin LEDs.

Wajibi ne a saita diode aka lasafta halin yanzu daidai da na yanzu suna gudãna ta cikin LEDs, da kuma a baya da irin ƙarfin lantarki dole ne daidai da Naira Miliyan Xari da gajiyan a kan LEDs. Shi ne mafi kyau don amfani da wani ko da yawan LEDs kuma a haɗa su, a antiparallel.

A daya sarkar iya zama fiye da goma LEDs. Don lissafi da capacitor, dole ne mu cire daga ganiya ƙarfin lantarki sadarwa 315 a cikin adadin ƙarfin lantarki drop of LEDs. A sakamakon haka, mun gano yawan ƙarfin lantarki drop fadin capacitor.

LED Connection Kurakurai

• A farko kuskure - wannan shi ne lokacin da ya jagoranci an haɗa ba tare da yada zango, kai tsaye Madogararsa. A wannan yanayin, da LED sosai da sauri kasa, saboda da rashin iko a kan adadin yanzu.
• Na biyu kuskure - dangane da kowa resistor LEDs shirya a layi daya. Saboda gaskiya cewa akwai bambancin sigogi, haske LEDs konewa zai zama daban-daban. Bayan haka, idan akwai daya daga cikin LEDs kasa, za a yi wani karuwa na biyu LED halin yanzu, saboda abin da shi zai iya ƙone. Saboda haka, a lokacin da wani resistor aka yi amfani, ya zama dole a haɗa shi da LEDs a jerin. Wannan ba ka damar ci gaba da wannan halin yanzu a cikin lissafi na resistor kuma sanya LED ƙarfin lantarki.
• The uku kuskure - wannan shi ne lokacin da LEDs, wanda aka lasafta a kan wani daban-daban na yanzu, sun hada da jerin. Wannan shi ne dalilin da cewa daya daga cikinsu zai ƙone low, ko mataimakin versa - ya yi aiki ga lalacewa.
• A karo na hudu kuskure - shi ne don amfani mai resistor wanda juriya ne rashin cancantar kansu. Saboda wannan, da halin yanzu ke gudãna a cikin LED, shi zai zama ma manyan. Wasu daga cikin makamashi a dagagge ƙarfin lantarki, tuba zuwa ga zafi, sakamakon zafi fiye da kima daga cikin crystal da wani gagarumin raguwa na da amfani rai. Dalilin wannan - raga lahani. Idan irin ƙarfin lantarki karuwa kara, da kuma p-n-mika mulki heats up, shi zai kai ga wani karu a ciki jimla yadda ya dace. A sakamakon faduwar LED haske, da crystal za a fuskanci wa ga halaka.
• Biyar kuskure - LED zuwa 220V, wanda shi ne mai sauqi qwarai kewaye ba tare da wani kuma baya da irin ƙarfin lantarki iyaka. Matsakaicin canja baya ƙarfin lantarki ga mafi LEDs - game 2 V, da kuma a baya da irin ƙarfin lantarki rabin-zagayowar tasiri a kan irin ƙarfin lantarki maniyyi, wanda shi ne daidai da wadata da irin ƙarfin lantarki idan kulle LED.
• The shida dalilin - shi ne don amfani mai resistor, wanda ikon ne ba su isa ba. Wannan tsokani karfi dumama resistor da kuma aiwatar da dab rufi, wanda ke hulda da ta wayoyi. Sa'an nan ya fara da za a ƙone Paint kuma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar high yanayin zafi zuwa hallaka. All saboda gaskiyar cewa resistor lullube dukkanin kawai da damar ga abin da aka tsara.

A makirci na hada wani iko da jagoranci

Don haɗa high-ikon LEDs bukatar amfani da AC / DC-converters, a cikin abin da barga fitarwa halin yanzu. Wannan zai taimaka wajen rabuwa da yin amfani da resistors ko IC LED direba. A daidai wannan lokaci za mu iya yin sauki dangane da LEDs, wani dadi da yin amfani da tsarin da kuma rage kudin.

Kafin mu juya ga mains ikon LEDs, tabbatar da AMINCI su dangane da samar da wutar lantarki. Kada ka haɗa da tsarin da samar da lantarki, wanda yake shi ne karkashin tashin hankali, in ba haka ba za su kai ga gazawar da LEDs.

5050. Halaye na LEDs. A makirci na hada

Domin low-ikon LEDs ne ma LEDs ne surface Dutsen (SMD). Mafi sau da yawa, su ana amfani da su haskaka maɓallan da a cikin wayar hannu ko don ado LED tsiri.

LEDs 5050 (tipokorpusa size: 5 mm 5) - suna semiconductor haske kafofin, wanda kai tsaye ƙarfin lantarki 1,8-3,4 V da kai tsaye halin yanzu ikon zuwa kowane crystal - 25 Ma. Feature LED SMD 5050 ta'allaka ne da cewa su yi kunshi uku lu'ulu'u, wanda damar da LED fitarda mahara launuka. Suna da ake kira RGB-LEDs. Matsuguni su da aka yi da zafi-resistant roba. Da ruwan tabarau ne m watsawa da kuma shãfe haske da epoxy.

Don da LEDs 5050 zuwa aiki, muddin zai yiwu, su dole a haɗa da maras muhimmanci resistances a jerin. Domin iyakar AMINCI da'ira a cikin sarkar mafi gama raba resistor.

Dabarun zuwa kunsa walƙiya LEDs

A walƙiya ya jagoranci - wani LED, wanda aka saka a cikin wani Hadakar bugun jini janareta. Frequency na filasha shi ne daga 1.5 zuwa 3 Hz.

Duk da cewa da walƙiya ya jagoranci m isa, shi ne housed semiconductor guntu oscillator, da kuma ƙarin abubuwa zuwa gare shi.

Amma ga walƙiya ya jagoranci irin ƙarfin lantarki, shi ne duniya da kuma za su iya bambanta. Alal misali, ga high-Z ne 14 volts, da kuma low-ƙarfin lantarki 1,8-5 volts.

Haka kuma, da m ingancin walƙiya ya jagoranci iya hada, ban da kananan size da haske yi sigina na'urar ne m, kuma duk da haka wani m kewayon na canja irin ƙarfin lantarki. Bugu da kari, shi zai iya emit launi daban-daban.

A wasu iri walƙiya LEDs aka saka game da uku daban-daban masu launin LEDs da cewa suna daban-daban mita na annobar cutar.

Ƙibtawa LEDs ma quite tattali. Gaskiyar cewa wutan lantarki na LED da aka sanya wa MOSFETs, game da shi, mai walƙiya diode za a iya maye gurbinsu da guda aikin naúrar. Saboda da kananan girma na walƙiya LEDs sukan yi amfani da m na'urori waɗanda ke buƙatar kadan rediyoaktif abubuwa.

A cikin zane, da walƙiya ya jagoranci nuna wannan hanya a matsayin al'ada, da togiya ne kawai a gaskiya cewa maharbin ne ba kawai a layi madaidaiciya da kuma dashed. Saboda haka, da suka wakilci Ƙibtawa LED.

Ta hanyar m hali walƙiya ya jagoranci ya nuna cewa shi kunshi sassa biyu. Akwai, a cikin mummunan iyakacin duniya na cathode tushe ne wani haske emitting diode guntu, da kuma anode m located janareta guntu.

Suna da alaka duk aka gyara daga cikin na'ura ta amfani da uku zinariya waya jumpers. Don bambanta daga cikin saba walƙiya ya jagoranci, isa zuwa ga hasken m jiki. Akwai za a iya gani biyu daidai size substrate.

A daya substrate ne crystalline shigen sukari haske emitter. Ya ƙunshi wani rare duniya gami. Domin ya kara haske fitarwa da kuma mayar da hankali da kuma ga beamforming amfani da wani parabolic aluminum reflector. Wannan reflector walƙiya ya jagoranci ne karami fiye da saba. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa na biyu rabin harsashi ne padded da IC.

Tsakanin wadannan biyu substrates suna magana da biyu da zinariya waya jumpers. Game da gidaje walƙiya ya jagoranci, zai iya yiwuwa a yi na diffuser ko Matte robobi, ko na m roba.

Saboda gaskiya cewa emitter walƙiya ya jagoranci ba a kan axis na fasali na mahalli, domin aiki na uniform haske wajibi ne in yi amfani da monolithic yaxuwa launi fiber.

A gaban wani m jiki za a iya samu ne kawai a Ƙibtawa LEDs na manyan diamita, wanda da kunkuntar radiation juna.

Saboda high-mita oscillator qunshi wani janareta walƙiya ya jagoranci. Its aiki ne m, da kuma mita ne game da 100 kHz.

Tare da high-mita janareta ne m operable divider dabaru abubuwa. Yana, bi da bi, ya yi aikin da rabo daga high mita zuwa 1.5-3 Hz. Dalilin hadin gwiwa amfani da wani high-mita janareta ne mai mita divider cewa ga low-mita oscillator bukatar wani capacitor da mafi girma iya aiki domin lokaci-saitin kewaye.

Kawo up a high-mita 1-3 Hz bukatar yin rantsuwa a kan ma'ana abubuwa. Amma isa su iya iya amfani da wani karamin yanki na semiconductor guntu. A cikin semiconductor substrate, a Bugu da kari ga divider da master mita janareta, shi ne m diode da kuma wani lantarki key. A iyakance resistor aka kafa a cikin walƙiya LEDs, wanda aka lasafta a irin ƙarfin lantarki na 3 zuwa 12 volts.

Low awon karfin wuta walƙiya LEDs

Amma ga low-ƙarfin lantarki LED Ƙibtawa, sa'an nan ba su yi wani iyakance resistor. Lokacin da ikon polarity sokewa kariya diode bukatar. Yana da ake bukata don hana fitarwa kewaye gazawar.

The aiki na high-walƙiya LEDs ya dade da tafi smoothly, da wadata da irin ƙarfin lantarki dole ba wuce 9 volts. Idan irin ƙarfin lantarki ƙaruwa, da walƙiya ya jagoranci ikon masha'a zai kara, wanda zai kai ga dumama da semiconductor guntu. Daga bisani, ya jagoranci zai fara walƙiya wulakanci saboda matsanancin dumama.

Lokacin da ka bukatar ka duba serviceability na walƙiya ya jagoranci, domin yin wannan amince, za ka iya amfani da baturi a 4.5 volts da alaka a jerin tare da wani LED resistor na 51 ohms. Ikon resistors ya kamata a kalla 0.25 watts.

hawa LEDs

Shigarwa na LED - mai muhimmanci domin sauki dalilin cewa shi ne kai tsaye alaka su viability.

Tun da ya jagoranci da kuma guntu ba na son canzawa, da kuma zafi fiye da kima, shi wajibi ne don solder sassa da sauri, babu fiye da biyar seconds. Kamar haka wajibi ne a yi amfani da low-ikon soldering baƙin ƙarfe. tip zazzabi kada wuce 260 digiri.

Lokacin da soldering ne m yiwuwa a yi amfani da wani likita forceps. LED forceps clamped kusa da jiki, don haka da cewa a lokacin da soldering halitta ƙarin zafi kau daga guntu. Don LED kafafu ba karya, dole ne su ba tanƙwara yawa. Sun kasance a layi daya da juna.

Domin kauce wa overloading da kewaye ko na'urar zama dole don samar da fis.

Tuki taushi fara LEDs

Tuki smoothly a kuma kashe da LEDs - mashahuri a cikin sãshe, shi da sha'awar mota masu da suke so su tune da motoci. Wannan makirci da ake amfani da su haskaka da abin hawa ciki. Amma wannan ba ta kawai amfani. Ana amfani da a wasu yankunan.

Simple taushi fara kewaye LEDs kamata kunshi wani transistor, a capacitor, biyu resistors da LEDs. Kana bukatar ka karba wannan halin yanzu-iyakance resistors, wanda zai iya kawo wani halin yanzu na 20 Ma ta kowane LED kirtani.

Tuki smoothly a kuma kashe da LEDs ba zai zama cikakken ba tare da gaban da capacitor. Yana da damar ta ta karbo. A transistor ya zama pnp-tsarin. A halin yanzu a tara kada ta kasance kasa da 100 MA. Idan makirci ne m tashi LEDs taru daidai, misali na abin hawa ciki lighting for 1 biyu za su zama taushi fara LEDs, da kuma bayan rufe ƙofa - santsi kashewa.

Alternating a kan LEDs. makirci

Daya daga cikin lighting effects da LED ta ne alternately su hada. Ya ake matsayin Gudun wuta. Yana aiki da irin wannan makirci na m iko. Domin ta kayayyaki da amfani na al'ada canji cewa SUPPLiES ikon alternately zuwa kowane daga cikin LEDs.

La'akari da wata na'urar kunsha na biyu kwakwalwan kwamfuta da goma transistors, wanda tare dokoki a master oscillator, iko da kuma Indexing kanta. aka gidan goma counter daga fitarwa na master oscillator bugun jini da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga kula da naúrar. Sa'an nan kuma, irin ƙarfin lantarki ne amfani da tushe daga cikin transistor, kuma ya bude shi. A anode na LED aka haɗa ta m ikon source, sakamakon luminescence.

Na biyu bugun jini ya haifar da wani ma'ana naúra zuwa gaba fitarwa na counter, da kuma na baya low irin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma za su rufe da transistor, inda da LED ke kashe. Bugu da ari, duk da faruwa a cikin wannan jerin.