"Union of Three sarakuna": ƙa'ida ko bukatar kasashen waje da manufofin?

A karshen karni na sha tara a Turai da aka alama ta manyan jiha-yankin da kuma geopolitical canje-canje, a sakamakon shan kashi da Faransa ta Prussia tashi mai yawa da kuma iko Jamus Empire, weaker zama Ottoman Empire, wanda har yanzu mamaye da babba ƙasar Holdings. Duk wadannan dalilai sun karfafa Rasha da neman hanyoyin da za a karfafa matsayinsu a cikin kasa da kasa fagen fama. Daya sakamakon wannan bincike da aka halittar "Union of Three sarakuna".

Turai ta ƙarshen XIX karni

Events na karshe na uku na karni na sha tara, ya kawo a cikin kasashen waje da manufofin na Rasha Empire, da akai damuwa su kare lafiya da kuma tasiri. Bayan da shan kashi a cikin Crimean War, kasar nisanta kanta daga babban Turai siyasa da kuma mayar da hankali kan warware m matsaloli. Yana bada sakamakon - sannu a hankali ya karu da tattalin arziki da kuma soja tsoka. Amma abokan adawar ba su barci. A sakamakon da m Franco-Prussian War, France dan lokaci daina wanzuwa a matsayin karfi da tasiri a jihar, da kuma Rasha shi ne a kan ta yammacin kan iyakoki da wani iko da kuma m ilimi - da Jamus Empire. A gaskiya nuna yiwuwar samuwar na Austro-German alliance, wanda kara iya wahalad da halin da ake ciki na kasar mu. Gwamnatin Alexander II ya Masani game da wannan barazana. Kokarin kauce wa shi, Rasha diflomasiyyar ya ɓullo da wani feverish aiki. Active tripartite shawarwari na ministocin harkokin wajen kasashen da wadanada kansu nuna wa duniya cikin "Union of Three sarakuna" a 1873.

Sharuddan na kwangila da kuma ta ainihi

Saboda haka, ƙa'ida Rasha, Jamus da kuma Austro-Hungarian Empire shiga wani kawance, amma idan ka duba a hankali a daki-daki, a cikin kwangila sheɗara, ya bayyana a gare ta da mafi yawa declarative. Lalle ne, wannan alliance samar da kawai uku bangarorin yi alkawarin kawar da su da bambance-bambance da taimakon shawara, yayin da ta huɗu gefen barazana na fitina da aiki fitar da taswirar hanya. Kamar yadda za a iya gani, babu wani daga cikin jam'iyyun da aka ba a ɗaure. Duk da haka, kowane gefe, za su tabbatar asasshe, bi su a raga. Rasha zai samu wani jinkiri domin da babban na hannun daman a Turai - Faransa, kuma ba za a yi garkuwa da su a Jamus-Austria alliance, Austria-Hungary fatan ta hanyar wannan yarjejeniya don karfafa matsayinsu a cikin Balkan Larabawa. Jamus shirya da wannan yarjejeniya zuwa amince a sarari mataki da Faransa. The m hanya na tarihi ya nuna ephemerality dukkan tsammanin. A 1875, akwai wani worsening da Franco-German dangantakar Jamus ya yi game da azãba intransigent maƙwabcinsa, amma Rasha ta ce za ta ba da damar sake shan kashi na Faransa. Wannan kunna Bismarck da chagrin da ake kira "Union of Three sarakuna" komai kuma mara amfani yanki na takarda.

Sabani jam'iyyun da yarjejeniyar

Sabanin duk tsammanin, wannan ƙungiya ta wanzu na dogon lokaci, da samar da ko da da ghostly, amma har yanzu zaman lafiya a Jamhuriyar Turai. A marigayi 70-ies karni na sha tara, dangantaka tsakanin Jamus da Rasha suna ƙara zama maƙiya. External tabbaci na abokantaka da kuma nuna tausayawa ga kasar mu daga Jamus a rashin daidaito da gaskiya, shi sa hangula da kuma rashin jituwa a St. Petersburg da Berlin. Alexander III a lokacin da Accession a kan karaga ya samu ci anti-German jin zuciya. Duk wadannan ra'ayoyi, da sabon sarki suka tafi sabunta kwangilar. A da maki daga cikin sabon alkawari ya na ajiyar cewa a cikin hali na yaki da Ottoman Empire 's neutrality aka ƙaddara ta musamman yarjejeniyar, tamkar canje-canje a cikin iyakoki na tausasawa Ƙofar kamata kawai faruwa tare da yarda da duk jam'iyyun na hadaka. "Union of Three sarakuna" 1881-1894 shekaru kasance a karkashin wani asali ra'ayin dakile na Jamus da kuma Austrians, domin a wancan lokacin Rasha sauran mafi tasiri hanyoyi kawai ba

A canji a cikin geopolitical halin da ake ciki

A halin yanzu, balance mulki ya canza. A 1882, Jamus, Italiya da kuma Austria-Hungary kammala wani soja da siyasa alliance, suka tafi a tarihi a matsayin "Sau Uku Alliance". Wannan hadaka musamman na bukatar jam'iyyun sun kammala shi zuwa taimakon soji ta kowane hali. A farko alliance aka directed a kan Faransa, a karo na biyu - da Rasha, da Balkans, da kishi da Austria-Hungary zama ƙara m. A St. Petersburg, an fahimce shi sosai, don haka a 1887, kasar mu tafi zuwa ga ƙarshe na wani m yarjejeniya tare da Jamus. A ake kira "reinsurance yarjejeniyar" kamata saka hannu a harka na yaki da na uku kasar, amma an amince cewa wannan ba su shafi lokuta da Franco-German da kuma Rasha-Austria yaki. Saboda haka, "Union of Three sarakuna" m wani m hanya.

A kan Hauwa'u na wata babbar yaki

Wadannan yarjejeniyoyi sun ga Rasha Empire wucin gadi. A farkon 90-ies na XIX karni shi ya sawwaƙe ga Turai taron - da absolutist Rasha sanya wani ƙawance da jam'iyyar Republican Faransa. Diplomatic sashen ci gaba probing da yiwu hanyoyi na rapprochement da Birtaniya. A mafi "farka daga cikin tekuna," da sanin cewa manufofin da m kadaici ya zo ga ƙarshe da cewa suna da mafi bukatun da Rasha, maimakon tare da Austro-German kungiyar. Dogon yin shawarwari kasa, don haka akwai wani biyu soja da siyasa, kungiyar "Entente", ciki har da Rasha, Ingila da Faransa. Duk da haka, "Union of Three sarakuna" ya taka a tarihi rawa a tsare zaman lafiya a Turai, da na karshe na uku na XIX karni