Wannan ya hada da bel mutum babba reshe

Musculoskeletal tsarin na jikin mutum - shi ne mu'ujiza yanayi. Yana goyon bayan duk sassa na jiki a dama matsayi, kare muhimmanci gabobin da kuma samar da ban mamaki motsi a ko'ina cikin jiki. Belt daga cikin manya extremities ne ke da alhakin hawa makamai zuwa cikin axial kwarangwal.

The zane na ruwan wukake da kuma clavicles

Abun da ke ciki babba reshe abin ɗamara ya shafi zane na biyu ruwan wukake, biyu clavicles kuma kwarangwal reshe kanta. Wannan sashi daga cikin manya wata gabar jiki halitta wani nau'i na mutum kafadu. Hands daura akwati ruwan wukake da kuma clavicles cewa, samar da bel na babba extremities. The ruwan wukake aka shirya a saman na baya, da triangular siffar, an ɗaure su da kashin baya, kuma hakarkarinsa via musculature. The ruwa ne guda biyu tare da clavicle, karankarma da alaka da sternum da karankarman ƙirji. Clavicle yana da wani mai lankwasa kashi, mikawa tsakanin sternum, kuma da matsanancin ruwa kwana.

Kwarangwal bel babba reshe da aka gina daga wadannan sassa:

• 2 clavicles.
• 2 ruwa.
• humerus.
• radial kashi.
• kamu.
• wuyan hannu.
• metacarpal ƙasũsuwa,
• phalanges.

babba reshe abin ɗamara aiki

Babban aikin yi da bel na mutum babba reshe - don ƙirƙirar wani karfi da kuma agile support makamai. Ya bambanta da pelvic abin ɗamara, shi ba rigidly haɗa ta axial kwarangwal. Babban ƙashi na daga cikin manya reshe abin ɗamara: clavicle, wanda Forms da breastbone yau da kullum da hadin gwiwa da kuma scapula ake dangantawa da ƙasusuwan da jiki da iko tsokoki. A sakamakon haka, kafadu ne rayayye da hannu a cikin yunkuri na makamai, da kara mawadãta, kuma ta haka ne da aiki yadda ya dace.

Kasusuwa da babba bel x mutum wata gabar jiki da tsarin kamar kwarangwal na vertabrate da an hada da 3 sassan - kafada, hannu da dantse, kuma wuyan hannu. Tsokoki hade da wannan bel, ya karfafa da kafada hadin gwiwa da kuma shi ne alhakin mafi yawan ƙungiyoyi daga cikin hannayensu. Filafili - m farantin matsayin alwatika located bayan da thorax tare da mayar da wani bangare daga cikin manya reshe abin ɗamararsa. Yana yana da wani lebur kafada hadin gwiwa rami, a cikin abin da shugaban humerus. A kafada hadin gwiwa da aka gwada da m, shi na samar da iyakar kewayo na motsi, amma mai saukin kamuwa zuwa sprains da sauran raunin.

Babban ƙashi na daga hannun

A humerus aka wakilta a cikin nau'i na dogon tubular kashi bel na babba wata gabar jiki, an lazimta shi biyu fairly dogon ulna da radius. Humerus Forms da gwiwar hannu tare da biyu kasũsuwa, ashe, da buroshi an haɗa da kawai daya daga cikinsu - da wuyan hannu hadin gwiwa. A ulna aka located a ciki. Duk da ƙasũsuwan da hannayensu suna da alaka da juna ta hanyar da gidajen abinci.

Babban wadanda su ne:

• kafada.
• wuyan hannu.
• ulna.

Gabobi sosai bambancin a tashin, aiki motsi, wanda ya kai ga canji na forelimb, watau hannuwa, a cikin shakka daga juyin halitta a cikin aiki dalĩli. Ulnar kashi da radiation barga humerus, bi da bi, kasa free motsi. Ko da karfi da knuckles. Bisa ga tsarin da kwarangwal hannu da kafa suna kama. Babban bambancin dake tsakanin su - goga na'ura, a cikin abin da babban yatsan ne rabu da sauransu, kyale hannunsa yin fahimtar ƙungiyoyi. Tsakanin wuyan hannu da kuma metacarpal kashi na thumb - kadai sirdi hadin gwiwa a jikin mutum, a cikinsa motsi ne sosai 'yanci fiye da a kan tushe na farko kafana.

A tsarin da gwiwar hannu hadin gwiwa

Belt babba reshe ya hada da wani gwiwar hannu hadin gwiwa, wanda ya kunshi sassa biyu: a trochlear kuma mai siffar zobe. A farko protrusion haɗu da wani humerus ulnar daraja, shi kuma samar da flexor-extensor ƙungiyoyi tare da hannunsa. Siffar zobe rabo haɗu da humeral kai tare da radiation fossa. Wannan ba ka damar karkatar da magana, hannu da dantse. A janar na hadin gwiwa isasshe barga saboda wani babban surface wuya mahadi da jijiyoyin sun hadu. Radius - babban hannu da dantse. Yana Forms wani hadin gwiwa tare da wuyan hannu. A ulna tare da katako kafa da gwiwar hannu.

A tsarin da kafada hadin gwiwa

babba reshe abin ɗamara ya hada kafada hadin gwiwa. Hanya ball hadin gwiwa daga cikin mafi mobile a cikin jikin mutum. Shi ne kusan lebur kwarin a kan ruwa yana da alaƙa da hemispherical shugaban na humerus. Wannan na'urar ya sa ya yiwu su hadu juya da hannu a duk inda. Kashi kusan ta juya, up, saukar. A cikin irin wannan motsi yana da disadvantages, saboda gaskiyar cewa bond ƙarfi an rage, a cikin wannan hadin gwiwa sprains sau da yawa faruwa. Na biyu hadin gwiwa da aka kafa scapula da clavicle. Yana yakan faru sprain idan ta fãɗi a kan wani mara tausayi yakan kishi hannu ko buga gaban da kafada.

hannu

Wannan bangare na hannunka yana da wani m rikitarwa tsarin. A goga kunshi 3 rarrabu, wanda, bi da bi, da 27 ƙasũsuwa. A zuciya na dabino ne 5 metacarpals da 8 carpal ƙasũsuwa. A kwarangwal na yatsunsu kansu sa up 14 phalanges, 2 ƙasũsuwa a cikin yatsa da kuma 3 - a kowane daga cikin hudu. Hannunka yana da wani sosai na musamman tsarin. A jarirai, suna gano kawai a hankali ake kafa, za su zama da kyau a bayyane ne kawai don yana da shekaru bakwai, kuma su ossification kammala yawa daga baya, a kusa 10-13 shekaru. A daidai wannan lokacin iyakar kuma ossification phalanges.

Jijiyoyin da tsokoki daga cikin manya reshe abin ɗamara

Tun da kafada hadin gwiwa ne mobile isa, da kuma kafada bel ba a rigidly a haɗe zuwa axial kwarangwal, babba reshe abin ɗamara tsokoki da wani takamammen aiki. Tsokoki gama da hannu a cikin jiki da kuma ne tura absorbers. A deltoid tsoka shi ne babbar da kuma karfi kafada haɗu da scapula da humerus. Shi ne da godiya ga hannunta yakan kuma motsa gaba da baya.

Rotator cuff kunshi hudu tsokoki karami:

• infraspinatus.
• supraspinatus.
• kananan zagaye;
• subscapularis.

Sun kuma sarrafa juyawa daga cikin hannãyenku da karfafa kafada hadin gwiwa.

A core tsokoki daga cikin manya reshe abin ɗamara

A babba reshe yana da wani biyu daga babbar tsokoki: da biceps da triceps, wanda ya samar da wani biyu daga antagonists, idan daya an rage, da sauran daya hūta. Biceps, ko da biceps zo daga ruwan wukake da radius. Idan karfi tanƙwara hannu, zai iya zama mai kyau bincike. Triceps, triceps da kafada tsokoki, da kafada ruwa ta haɗu da ulna. Ya ba haka ba ne m, amma ya fi girma biceps. Duk da haka, da suka yi aiki a matsayin daya tsoka kungiyar. Alal misali, lokacin da dagawa a hannu da dantse taqaitaccen biceps - tsoka cewa ta dage babba hannu da kafada. Lokaci guda miƙa kuma triceps, extensor tsokoki, wanda ba ka damar sake daidaita da hannu.

Extensors da flexors

Complex ƙungiyoyi daga cikin wuyan hannu da hannu suna bayar sun fi mayar da hadewa aiki na jam'i na tsokoki a hannu da dantse wucewa. Yana flexors da extensors. Flexors kawo hannunsa zuwa ga hannu da dantse da kuma matsi da yatsunsu. Suna kan ciki na hannu. Extensor daidaita da wuyan hannu, kuma yatsunsu, kawo su mayar da hannu da dantse yankin. Don unclench hannunsa kuma ya dauki shi batu na bukatar hadewa aikin na 35 na hannu da dantse, kuma hannunka tsokoki. Bugu da kari, da tsokoki na hannu da dantse barinta goga hagu da dama, kafin a juya shi, kunna dabino da wuyan hannu, kuma yatsunsu da ake gyarawa a matsayi. Tausasãwa yatsa ƙungiyoyi ne ke iko da nasu tsokoki ƙasũsuwa tsawaita daga ƙashi na daga cikin wuyan hannu zuwa tushe na farko phalanx. Aiki sauran phalanges bayar dogon tendons na flexor da extensor tsokoki, located in hannu da dantse.

Age da kashi tsufa rigakafin

Belt mutum babba reshe a bukatar anti-tsufa rigakafin. Tare da shekaru, rage kashi ƙarfi ne, kuma ƙãra hadarin samu karaya. Age da alaka da kashi hasãra ne kusan babu ja, amma ba za su iya, kuma ya kamata ya hana ko ma jinkirta. Overstrain tsokoki na kafadu da kuma mayar da shi ne fraught tare da sosai m yanayin. Mutane jawabin da duk rana a kwamfuta, kuma mai tebur, sau da yawa slouch ko an hunched hali. Saboda haka stiffness kullum siga tsokoki da kuma mikewa da tsokoki na kafadu da baya, wanda ya razana zargin m tsoka kullin da kuma tashin hankali ciwon kai.

Wajibi ne a karfafa bel na babba extremities, wato tsokoki na kafadu da baya, ta hanyar darussan da daidaita kirji da sauke tsokoki da jijiyoyin sun hadu. Very amfani bayanai da kiwo na kafadu, kazalika da shrug. Ilimin motsa jiki sauqaqa zafi, Qarfafa tsokoki da kasũsuwa, ashe, inganta sassauci na jiki, ya kuma inganta motsi, da kuma iya-bodied mutum.