Wasula a Rasha

Daya daga cikin mafi wuya ga dalibai sassan a Rasha harshen - imin sautin harshe. Popular sau da yawa dalibai yin kuskure tare da karin lafazi bincike na kalmomi, halayyar wasu sauti, phonemes. Amma a yawancin hanyoyin da sanin imin sautin harshe - da key zuwa jahilin da kuma ladabi magana. Saboda haka, da yawa hankali ya kamata a biya ga wannan batu, kamar yadda sautuna. Yau, muna da sha'awar a vowels. A haruffa, wanda suka designate, kamar yadda za a tattauna a cikin labarin. Kada ka je kusa da hankali da kuma mu ne janar halaye na sauti tsarin harshen mu.

Sauti ko haruffa?

Don fara, bari mu magance abin da daidai za mu bayyana a cikin wannan labarin. Shi ne ya kamata a lura cewa mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa Rasha harshen yana da baƙaƙe da wasula. Mutane da yawa ne ko da shirye su yi jayayya da za ta nanatawa da ƙarfi kare su hali. Amma shi ne shi?

A gaskiya, da kawai sauti ne amenable zuwa Rasha harshen irin wannan rarrabuwa. Haruffa kuma zama a matsayin mai hoto alama ce da wani phoneme ko hade da phonemes, kazalika da nuna alama daga cikin pronunciation na wani sauti. Saboda haka, ba za mu iya ce cewa haruffa ne wasula ko baƙaƙe, bugu ko unstressed.

Overview

Ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa wasali halayyar phonemes. A Rasha harshen yana shida vowels, wanda a nuna an gano goma 'vowels. " A samuwar sauti data daga bakin Mai gani ne ga iska rafi wanda ya gana da cikas a cikin hanyar. Saboda haka, wasali sauti an hada ne kawai na muryoyin. Ba kamar da baƙaƙe, da suka iya budewa ko raira waƙa. Wadannan sauti hada da wadannan: [a], [a], [v], [e], [kuma] [s].

Wasula da wadannan babban halaye: lamba, karfafa, bugu ko unstressed matsayi. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi ne mai yiwuwa a ware wani takamaiman halayyar kamar yadda labialization.

Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa, shi ne wasali sauti ne syllabic. Ku tuna a yan makaranta, yara suna koyar da su gane syllables a wata kalma, kirgawa vowels "haruffa".

Sound - shi ne mafi karami ɓangare na magana, wanda shi ne ba kawai da abu don samuwar kalmomi, amma kuma taimaka wajen rarrabe kalmomi da wani irin sauti tsarin (misali, "Fox" da "gandun daji" bambanta kawai ta daya wasali). Karatu da wasula da kuma baƙaƙe irin kimiyya a matsayin imin sautin harshe.

Bari yanzu mu bincika kowane daga cikin wadannan halaye.

Jaddada da kuma unstressed

Bari mu fara da mafi sauki da kuma mafi muhimmanci, daga ra'ayi na magana, halaye. Kowane wasali iya zama buga ko unstressed. Wasali a unstressed matsayin sauti kasa bayyana fiye da a buga. Kamar yadda na rubuce-rubuce, sa'an nan, ko da kuwa matsayin da suka koma zuwa wannan wasika. Wasula tasiri a kan harafi za a iya yin amfani da kasaftawa lafazi da alãmarsu, wanda tsaye sama da wasika. An sau da yawa amfani da irin wannan nadi a rare, kadan used, kazalika da yare kalmomi.

Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura shi ne cewa unstressed wasali sauti kasa bayyanannu, kuma zai iya aiki a matsayin wasu phonemes lokacin rubuce. Saboda haka, marasa alama wasali "o" iya sauti kamar "a" da kuma "i" sauti a cikin jawabin da kwarara a matsayin "e", a Bugu da kari, wani lokacin wasali iya bace gaba ɗaya. Lokacin da wannan kwafi ne daban-daban daga al'ada rikodi kalmomi.

Alal misali, kalmar nan "madara" a cikin karin lafazi kwafi na iya kama da wannan:

1. [malak`o] - kwafi a cikin makaranta manhaja.

2. [mlak`o] - irin kwafi ne sau da yawa amfani da manyan cibiyoyin ilmi, a Philology. Alamar "Y" yana nufin cewa sauti na "a" yana furta sosai short, kusan fadowa daga cikin kalmomin da pronunciation.

Ka lura da cewa daya daga cikin matsaloli na Rasha harshen yi ne unstressed vowels. Haruffa ake sanya su ga wasika, ba ko da yaushe kama da audible sauti cewa ya haifar da wani yawa na kurakurai. Idan kun kasance m na daidai haruffan kalma, amfani da haruffan ƙamus ko duba haruffan da kalmar da taimakon shahara dokoki.

labialization

A Rasha akwai abin da ake kira labialized sauti - "o" da "u". Wasu daga cikin su amfãni iya kiran labial. Su peculiarity ta'allaka ne da cewa lebe suna da hannu, har gaba da su pronunciation. Sauran wasali sauti na Rasha harshen da wannan siffa ba ya mallaka.

Haruffa denoting wasali sauti da cewa suna da wannan alama, a cikin rubuce kwafi a cikin wannan hanya a matsayin al'ada sautuna.

jere

A cikin Rasha da harshen a kan Status of harshen a bakin a lokacin da sabawa cikin sauti akwai uku jerin: gaban, na tsakiya da kuma raya.

Idan babban ɓangare na harshe lokacin da mũnãna daga sauti a raya da na baka rami - shi (sauti) da dangantaka da baya jere. A gaban jere halin a cewa pronunciation na vowels da suka shafi mata, da babban ɓangare na harshe aka located a gaban. A cikin taron cewa pronunciation na harshe bautar wani tsaka-tsaki matsayi, da sauti nasa ne da tsakiyar wasali.

Don abin da lambar ne wasu sauti a Rasha harshen?

[A], [y] - da baya jere.

[A], [s] - matsakaici.

[U], [e] - Front.

Kamar yadda ka gani, wadannan halaye ne quite sauki, babban abu - tuna su. Ganin cewa Rasha harshen ne ba don haka da yawa vowels su haddace wannan rarrabuwa ba za ta zama da wuya.

tashi

Har ila yau, akwai wata halayyar vowels a kan Status of harshen a lokacin pronunciation. A nan, kazalika da rarrabuwa na cikin jerin, akwai iri uku sauti: low, matsakaici da kuma high daga.

Wannan yanayin daukan la'akari da matsayin da harshe da palate. Idan pronunciation na harshe ne kusa yadda ya kamata zuwa gare shi, da sauti na wasali yana nufin babba dagawa, idan dake a cikin mafi m matsayi daga palate, sa'an nan ƙananan. Idan da harshen da yake a cikin tsaka-wuri, shi yana nufin da wasali sauti na talakawan ya jawo.

Tantance abin da ake kiwon wasulan da Rasha harshen:

[A] - ƙananan.

[E], [game] - da talakawan;

[Kuma] [s] [v] - saman.

Wannan halayyar da rarrabuwa kuma iya zama quite sauki tuna.

Matching sauti da kuma haruffa

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, kawai shida wasali sauti, amma su suna sanya a cikin rubuce-rubuce ta goma haruffa. Bari mu tattauna abin da haruffa vowels zama a Rasha harshe.

Sauti [a] iya wuce da wadannan haruffa: "wani", "I" (ƙa'ida [ya]). Game da phoneme [a], sa'an nan a cikin wasika ta kira a matsayin "o" da "e" (ƙa'ida [yo]). Labialized [y] kuma iya wuce biyu haruffa na "y" da "w" (ƙa'ida [DY]). A wannan za a iya ce game da sauti [e] zai iya yiwuwa a kira su da haruffa "e" da "e" (ƙa'ida [ye]).

Sauran biyu audio [u] da [s] suturta daya kawai wasika - "i" da kuma "s" bi da bi. Wannan duk abin da ake kira da wasula a, o, u, i, e, w, e, f, kuma s.

The domin na kwafi

Mutane da yawa dalibai, da kuma daliban jami'a, ma, da za a magance irin wannan ayyuka kamar yadda sauya rubũtun tamkar kalmomi. Ka yi la'akari da algorithm, mayar da hankali a kan halaye da wasula.

Order na jobs na irin wannan ne kamar haka:

1. Rubuta kalmar da tsari a cikin abin da aka ba ku.

2. Next, tabbata ga gano abin da haruffa "vowels" da kuma wanda yake a buga. Wancan ne, kana bukatar ka saka da girmamawa.

3. Raba kalma a cikin syllables. A wannan mu duk daya ne da wasali sauti.

4. Rubuta karin lafazi kwafi na wata kalma, shan la'akari da matsayin da wasali da baƙi sauti a jawabin, bambance-bambancen karatu daga gare shi (msl, a cikin unstressed matsayi [a] iya sauti kamar [a]).

5. Rubuta wani shafi duk haruffa.

6. Ƙayyade abin da sauti ko sauti schetanie designates daya ko wani harafi, da kuma rubuta da data a cikin wani shafi kishiyar.

7 bayyana sauti halaye. Ga mu ba za ta zauna a kan halayyar baƙaƙe, vowels otanovimsya kawai. A cikin hadisin da makaranta na sauti kawai nuna matsayin dangi da danniya (bugu ko unstressed). A jami'a a philological ikon tunani bugu da žari gano lamba kuma tadawa, kazalika gaban sauti labialization.

8. A karshe mataki - ƙidaya yawan haruffa da kuma sauti don nazarin kalma.

Kamar yadda ka gani, kome wuya. Idan kun yi shakka cikin kwafi, shi iya ko da yaushe a bari tare da taimakon sabawa kamus.

binciken

A cikin Rasha da harshen akwai shida sauti, wanda ya dace ga wasika daga cikin goma haruffa daga cikin haruffa. Wadannan sauti, kazalika da sauran phonemes ne gini tubalan daga wanda an gina lexical raka'a. Shi ne da godiya da sauti mu rarrabe tsakanin kalmomi, kamar yadda za a iya baya da canji ko da guda sauti da su ma'anar don juya a cikin wani mabanbanta Alamu.

Saboda haka, mun koya abin da "da harafin" vowels: jaddada da kuma unstressed, labialized. Found cewa kowane wasali yana halaye kamar lambar kuma hawa dutsen, mun koya yadda za a yi wani karin lafazi kwafi. Har ila yau, mun gano abin da kimiyya karatu da wasula.

Muna fatan wannan abu zai zama da amfani ba kawai ga dalibai, amma kuma dalibai na philological baiwa.