Wolves: Wolves iri, description, hali, mazauninsu

Mutane da yawa da gaske tsoro daga wadannan hatsari da yara. Wannan shi ne sun fi mayar saboda da labarum da dayansu. Suna sau da yawa da aka bayyana a matsayin mai kaifin Wolves, kuma ko da kowace dabba. Duk da haka, ba kowa da kowa ya san cewa kerkẽci a cikin yanayi sosai da wuya kai farmaki mutane. Wadannan ferocious da yara fi son zauna daga mutane, da suka yi amfani da su zauna rayuwata, ma'anar asali na wanda ya zama da farauta.

Wolves: Wolves iri

Ya kamata a lura cewa, yanayin Wolves a duniya shi ne daya daga cikin 'yan tsirarun. Ya kunshi guda bakwai da iri:

• Canis lupus (Wolf).
• Canis aureus (diloli vulgare).
• Canis latrans (koyot).
• Canis Rufus (ja kerkẽci).
• Canis adustus (sofane diloli).
• Canis mesomelas (black-goyon baya jackal).
• Canis simensis (Habasha Wolf).

The iyali ne Foxes Wolves, Foxes, maned kerkẽci, rekun kare.

mazauninsu

Masana kimiyya siffantãwa da asalin kerkẽci da carnivorous da yara ne da suka rayu a kan wannan duniya tamu da ɗari shekaru miliyan da suka wuce, da kuma game da ashirin shekaru miliyan da suka wuce daga Wolves karnuka zuriyarta. A matsayin mai raba jinsunan Canis lupus kafa a Eurasia shekaru miliyan da suka wuce, da kuma a karshen da Pleistocene, ya zama ya fi na kowa predator.

A zamaninmu zaune Wolves rubuta a Turai, North America da kuma Asia. Sun zauna bude da kuma Semi-bude yankunan. A arewa iyakar predator ne a bakin Arctic Ocean. A India (kudancin Asiya), kerkẽci rayuwar har zuwa 16 digiri arewa latitud. A cikin shekaru biyu da rabi da ƙarni ƙwarai rage yawan wadannan fearsome da yara. Kare dabbobi, mutumin da ke halaka su da sojojin daga lugar yankunan.

Ko a yau, a Japan, da Birtaniya Tsibirin, a cikin Netherlands, France, Denmark, Belgium, Switzerland, a Tsakiya da Turai gaba daya hallaka da Wolves. Nau'in kyarketai na tsawon shekaru goma a Turai ci gaba da bace hanzari.

Wolf ne har yanzu quite na kowa a filayen da dutsen yankunan Kazakhstan, a cikin tundra da gandun daji tundra. Halaye na Wolves, wanda shi ne da yawa a cikin na musamman bugu, ya ce, a fannin kerkẽci ne quite m - yana da yawa subtypes, daban-daban size, launi, hanyar rayuwa a cikin daji.

Masana kimiyya, Dabbobi da dama dozin subspecies na kerkẽci. The most mutane rayuwa a cikin tundra, da karami - a kudancin yankunan. Mass adult dabba iya Range daga 18 zuwa 80 kg, su jiki tsawon iya isa 160 cm, wutsiya tsawon ne game da sittin santimita.

kerkẽci launi

Shi ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan mazauninsu. kerkẽci halaye, sunã a cikin Arctic, ya ce akwai sau da yawa ne fari mutane. Har ila yau, a wasu yankunan akwai wasu launuka - black and white kerkẽci, bambancin launin toka da fari, da launi na kirfa, launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin a can ne gaba daya baki Jawo.

Da yara da cewa rayuwa, a Arewacin Amirka, da uku launi bulan. A farko - a cakuda launin toka, baki da kirfa tare da launin ruwan kasa tint. Na biyu - black (cakuda duhu Brown to black). Uku lokaci - launin toka da ruwan kasa.

gashi

Excellent gashi da wadannan dabbobin daji. Wolf yana da m Jawo (tsawon zuwa takwas santimita). Yana yana da wani lokacin farin ciki undercoat. A matsanancin Layer aka kafa ta hanyar mai tsawo, m, black tips matsara hairs, wanda tare ruwa da kuma ba da rigar undercoat.

kerkẽci hakora

Wolves da iko makamai. Nau'in Wolves, ko da kuwa da mazauninsu, 42 da wuya da kuma hakora masu kaifi. Gaba ne 4 pyatisantimetrovym mai lankwasa fangs - biyu a kan kasa da kuma biyu a kan saman. Predator sauƙi ciji ta cikin densest na fata na azabtar. A carnivorous (matauni) hakora adult Wolves m tauna har cinya kashi Elk.

ƙwarai

Animals cewa ya kasance a cikin kare, kuma kyarketai ne ciki har da digitigrade. A wasu kalmomin, sai su yi tafiya, ya jingina a yatsunsu. Kawai a lokacin da predator ke, ya shãfe ƙasa da duga-dugansa. Forelimbs kerkẽci ne mai iko sosai, godiya ga wata ɗaya rarraba kaya da dabba ba nutse a cikin m snow.

Kowane gaban dungu na kerkẽci yana da biyar yatsun kafa, amma kawai yana da hudu. Paws da kyau-raya danda crumbs kuma yatsunsu tattara a cikin wani m wasu itatuwa da kuma m. Su da karfi gama da kuma kadan dulled da lamba tare da kasa da kusoshi. Wolf yana amfani da su a lokacin da digging da ƙasa.

Wolves Matsar jogging, skipping da galloping. A lokacin da suka yi tafiya kudi na game da shida da rabi kilomita awa. Jogging suka gudu a gudu daga sama zuwa goma sha shida kilomita awa. Na dogon lokaci kerkẽci iya gudu kusan maras tsayawa. Akwai lokuta idan wadannan hatsari da yara tafiya da nisa da ɗari kilomita a cikin dare daya.

The ji na wari da kuma ji

Wolf Halaye ce farauta ba kunnuwa ko idanu, wato hanci taimaka farko kerkẽci ya sami ganima. Sun kama iska wari da ko da sosai kananan dabbobi, wanda aka located a nesa na biyu kilomita. An m ji na wari ya sa ya yiwu su bi sawu na da ganima.

Duk da haka, shi ba ya rasa da yara da kuma m kunnuwa. Ji da hayaniya, da suka iya matsawa kunnuwansu, kuma a fara a daidai ƙayyade inda sauti ne sau da yawa located 'yan kilomita.

Wolf fakitin

The iyali kyarketai yana da, a wasu lokuta har zuwa goma sha biyar mutane, amma mafi sau da yawa shi ya faru, takwas dabbobi. Garken - a iyali-mallakar kungiyar dabbobi shekaru daban-daban. Yawancin lokaci, shi ne hada da iyaye, samun kudin shiga (ko brood na shekara) da kuma pereyarki (dabbobi wanda ba su isa mafarki ba). Wani lokacin shi ya hada da adult dabbobi, ba takara a haifuwa.

A lokacin da shekaru, da arziki da abinci a cikin fakitin za a iya tattara zuwa 30 ko fiye da Wolves. Zuriyya kasance a cikin iyali for 10-14 watanni sa'an nan ya bar shi. Kamar wancan akwai wani LonE kerkẽci. Ya ci a search na wani free ƙasa, wanda nan da nan da alãmarsu, suka yi da'awar cewa su 'yancin da ita. Matsayin mai mulkin, da dabba da ewa ba zai sami ma'aurata da wani sabon garke. Ko da yake akwai lokuta inda wani LonE kerkẽci zaune na dogon lokaci daga shirya.

Wolf iyali - a kai-gudãnar inji. A lokuta inda yawan yawa ne quite low, ta kananan size, da rabuwa da ƙaramin zuriya da yawa sauri. Lokacin da muhalli yanayi ne mafi m, da yawan yawa ƙaruwa, haka ne kara girma da fakitin, duk da haka, a wasu iyaka. Matsayin mai mulkin, da girma ne saboda nestaynym LonE kerkẽci, wanda aka bai da wani zama ƙarƙashin matsayi.

Stacey kaiwa da biyu da yara - kerkẽci, wani namiji da ya budurwa, wadda, ba zato ba tsammani, da ya so a rayuwa. Saboda haka, a cikin wani gungu na Wolves da shi yana mai core da wani babban matsayi a al'umma, da kuma su ke qarqashinsu. Shugabannin na shirya da sosai karfi da hali, da sa musu su kiyaye a cikin iyali domin kauce wa rikicin da ya yi yãki, musamman tsakanin matasa Wolves.

Mafarautan iyali mãkirci

A garken tsira godiya ga girman ta farauta filaye, saboda haka yara kare su nacewa. A iyakar waɗannan wurare na iya Range daga hamsin zuwa dubu ɗari biyar murabba'in kilomita. Wolves alama yankin ƙasarsu, kuma ba za a envied mai zuwa na baya suka musulmi in yayi kokarin karya ta kan iyakoki.

hannu Harshe

Yawancin lokaci, Wolves bayyana su ji gestures da fuska. Wolf harshen taimaka wajen hada kan garken da kuma aiki da shi shirya. Alal misali, sa'ad da wani dabba wutsiya ɗaukaka ta, kuma ta tip ne dan kadan mai lankwasa, wanda ke nufin cewa predator m. Friendly yanayi kerkẽci riqe da wutsiya saukar da, amma tip dan kadan tãyar da su. Predator, wutsiya tsakanin ƙafafunsa, ko yana jin tsoron wani abu, ko don haka rahoton juyayi.

Bugu da kari, da matsayi na wutsiya iya gaya mana game da matsayi na dabba a cikin fakitin. The shugaban ne ko da yaushe high ta dage shi, da kuma sandarsa kiyaye wutsiya saukar da. Wagging wutsiya, wani karaya predator gayyatar uwansu yi wasa.

marabtar bikin

da fakitin su shugaban nuna girmamawa da kuma addini a gare da marabtar bikin. Pursed kan kunnuwansa, rarrafe, da m-smoothed gashi, suka matsa a hankali kusanci shugaban da abõkinsa, lasawa su, kuma a hankali cizon fuskõkinsu.

kerkẽci rage cin abinci

Dalili na rage cin abinci kyarketai ne manyan ungulates - daraja da reindeer, saiga irin gada, Elk, awaki da tumaki. A babu irin wannan abinci kerkẽci ke farauta ita hakori, zomaye, da wuya ya ci offal. A yankuna inda akwai ganima, Wolves ba su samu ko da ake samu a sosai kananan yawa. Da yara jawo hankalin manyan yawa na dabbobi. A arewa, a cikin yankunan da ci gaban da na tumaki, da reindeer gaban Wolves - mai kowa sabon abu.

A kan ƙasa na Rasha ne quite na kowa Wolves. Nau'in kyarketai cewa zauna ƙasarmu, sananne ne. Akwai kawai shida:

• Srednerussky katako kerkẽci.
• m.
• tundra.
• Siberian gandun daji.
• Caucasian.
• Mongolian.

m kerkẽci

Wannan wakilin kerkẽci ne ya fi kowa a duniya. Description of m kyarketai za a yanzu za a samu a duk kundayen Dabbobi. Yana tsaye a waje domin ta m size. Bayyanar wannan predator ba bã tãre da nobility. A fili, don haka ya zama gwarzo ba kawai marubutan suka rubuta game da dabbobi.

Gray kerkẽci za a iya samu a Turai, da Amurka da kuma Asiya. Rurrushe, karfi jiki tare da m m kirji, da tsayi, murdede kafafu, bar babu shakka cewa a gaban ku da wani real predator. Wannan kerkẽci yana da babban goshi, amma a lokaci guda m shugaban da kananan kunnuwa da kuma ado da duhu ratsi, wanda aka located a kusa da kumatun kusan fararen da sosai haske aibobi a kan idanu. A wutsiya ba dade, shi ne kusan mike.

A Jawo ne dogon (har zuwa takwas santimita) da kuma wani lokacin farin ciki, biyu gashi. Gashi da dabbobi da cewa rayuwa a cikin tsakiyar da kuma kudancin yankunan, m. Wolves daga arewacin yankunan da taushi da kuma Fluffy Jawo.

Rasha kerkẽci

Wannan shi ne na musamman subspecies na launin toka kerkẽci, wanda zaune a cikin arewa na Rasha. Rasha kerkẽci - daya daga biyar subspecies inhabiting da ƙasa na kasar mu. Canis lupus communis (Rasha kerkẽci) - saboda haka yana da wata dabba da ake kira Western masana kimiyyar. A talakawan namiji yin la'akari daga 40 zuwa 80 kilo, da mace na daga 30 zuwa 55 kilo.

Siberian kerkẽci

Wannan ba kalla a manyan dabbobi fiye da Rasha kerkẽci. Masana kimiyya da dama imani da cewa a yau irin wannan tukuna zama ruwan dare conventionally kamar yadda systematics Siberian da yara ba tukuna aka kammala. Wadannan dabbobi da 'yan launuka. Shi ne mafi kusantar su zamanto haske launin toka. Ocher launukansa kawai bayyane ko gaba daya ba a nan. Fur ne ba sosai high, amma quite kauri da kuma taushi. Shi ne ya fi kowa a cikin Far East, Kamchatka, (sai dai ga tundra), a Gabashin Siberia da kuma Transbaikalia.

Steppenwolf

Wannan dabba da ɗan karami fiye da wakilan da gandun daji subspecies. Yana yana da wani m da sparse gashi. A baya launi tare da wani alama predominance na launin toka da kuma m, kuma sau da yawa ruwan kasa gashi. A wannan yanayin, tarnaƙi ne haske launin toka. Yau wannan ne kerkẽci za a iya samu a cikin Caspian matakan da Urals, da Lower Volga yankin. Jinsin aka talauci da aka sani. An ba tukuna ɓullo da wani tsarin da halayyar fasali. Yawan wadannan dabbobi ne low, musamman a yammacin gundumomi na yankin.

Caucasian kerkẽci

Wannan dabba nasa ne da matsakaici-sized da yara. Caucasian kerkẽci yana m da kuma gajeren matsara hairs, da undercoat ne underdeveloped. A launi na wannan dabba ne sosai fi wannan duhu na baya aka bayyana nau'in. Wannan shi ne saboda da uniform rarraba baki matsara hairs a kan fata.

A kasar mu muna rayuwa a yankunan da Main Caucasus Range, ciki har da wooded Shefela.

Mongolian kerkẽci

Amma kerkẽci shi ne mafi karami na zaune a kan ƙasa na Rasha. The nauyi na fara tasawa dabba ne da wuya fiye da arba'in kilo. Ya Jawo maras ban sha'awa, datti-m launi, m da tauri. Wannan nau'in rarraba a gabas da kuma kudu maso yammacin na Trans-Baikal, kazalika a Primorsky Abuja.

tundra kerkẽci

Manyan da kyau dabba. Ya photo kuke gani a kasa. A jikin tsawon maza sau da yawa ya wuce 150 cm. Dabbobi masu cin nama suna da dogon, taushi da kuma m Jawo. Launi - haske launuka. A kasar mu, sai kerkeci ya yi kawaici a cikin gandun daji-tundra da tundra bangarori na Turai na Kamchatka da Siberia.

Srednerussky (katako) kerkẽci

Iko predator da cewa na zaune a cikin gandun daji steppe da steppe sashi na Rasha, sau da yawa colonizes da kuma Yammacin Siberia. A arewacin yankunan alama ta isowa a cikin gandun daji. Ko da yake an zaci cewa mafi girma a Turai da kuma Asiya ne tundra kerkẽci, wani wakilin wannan subspecies ne sau da yawa mafi girma daga size.

Adult dabba jiki na iya samun wani tsawon wucewa 160 cm, kuma da girma ya kai wani mita. Hakika, wadannan su ne siffofin halayyar ga mafi girma a daidaikun mutane. A kan talakawan, ya fara tasawa namiji weighs 45 kg, pereyarok (1 shekara 8 months) - 35 kg, da kuma riba (8 months) - 25 kg. Wolf m da 20%.

Predator yana da wani classic, cikin inuwõwi na launin toka da tabawa da ocher launi. Srednerussky kerkẽci zaune a cikin gandun daji na tsakiyar Rasha, shi ne sau da yawa ratsa zuwa yamma na Siberia. A arewacin yankunan shiga tundra.

iyakacin duniya kerkẽci

Wannan shi ne mai kyau da kuma iko dabba yi kawaici a cikin Arctic. Iyakacin duniya Wolf daidai saba da matsananci yanayi. Daga cikin sanyi da kuma sokin iskõki, shi ana kiyaye shi ta wata dumi da kuma m gashi.

Wannan ra'ayi na Wolves daban-daban kaifi hangen nesa da kuma mãdalla ji na wari don taimaka a cikin farauta a kan 'yan dabbobi da suke zaune a wadannan matsananci wurare. Ƙarancin yawan nazarin halittu feed da wuya a samar da abinci take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa predator ci ganima gaba daya, da barin wani kasũsuwa, ashe, ba fata na ta azabtar.

A talakawan dabba nauyi na 60 zuwa 80 kg, tsawo 80 cm. Abin mamaki shine, dabba a cikin hali na wani m farauta ne iya rayuwa ba tare da abinci ga makonni da dama. Duk da haka, sa'an nan kerkẽci iya ci a lokaci daya har zuwa goma kilo nama. Wolves da suke zaune a yankin ƙasar Rasha, ne mafi m fiye da North American. Rubuce-haren a kan mutane.