Yenisei River: halaye da kuma bayanin. The fall da kuma gangaren Yenisei River

Yenisei ne daya daga cikin mafi girma da waɗansu kõguna ba kawai Rasha amma dukan duniya. Kasa wuri ruwa - da yankin Siberia. Yenisei lullube daga Arctic Ocean ga dubban kilomita saukar zuwa Kara Sea. Abin lura shi ne cewa da sunan zo daga kalmar "Ionessi" cewa Evenk yare yana nufin "mai ruwa". Bi da bi, da Big Yenisei aka kira bij-Kalmasa da Kananan - KAA ta bada-Khem.

description ruwa

Bakin cikin Yenisei River fãra daga tafkin kira Kara-Balyk, wanda aka located a cikin duwatsu a yankin Gabashin Sayan Mountains. Wannan wuri ne da tushen da Bii-Khem. Tare da gaisuwa ga KAA ta bada-Khem, ya na da dama da aikin gandu a Mongolia. A ci faruwa kashe bakin tekun na bakin birnin Kyzyl.

Description River Yenisei ƙwarai farko yanki na pool. Saboda irin wannan m size Hema ruwa, shi yana daga cikin bakwai most aikin gandu a duniya. A Rasha, manya a sikelin kirga kawai Likitan mata. The ruwa yanki na Yenisei sau da yawa ya fi girma fiye da hada waha na Volga da Dnieper. A da tsarin, da kogi ne asymmetrical kuma m. Mafi yawa daga cikin dama daga cikin tsakiyar axis. Jeri na bangaren da aka samu godiya ga wata babbar aikin gandu kamar Tunguska da Angara. Description River Yenisei muhimmanci a fara da ta kasa rabuwa. Yau, a rarrabe tsakanin babba, m kuma tsakiyar ɓangare na kwari. Saboda irin wannan alama ce rabuwa, mutane da yawa fara ya gauraye, inda Yenisei River a kan ta ma'aunan kasa location. A gaskiya ma, cikin ruwan zai fara a Siberia da kuma Mongolia, kamar yadda aka fiye ĩmãni. Game da Upper Yenisei, ta tsawon shi ne game da 600 km, kuma shi yana farawa daga batu na mahaɗar tsakãninsu KAA ta bada-Khem da Bii-Khem. A talakawan ɓangare na kogin da aka located a kan Angara River Krasnoyarsk ajiya. Kalmasa kasa ne mafi tsawo da fadi. Ya ƙare a Ust-Port, kusa da Cape Sopochnaya Hag.

Features pool

A tsawon Yenisei River daga mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Bii-Khem da KAA ta bada-Khem ne game 3487 kilomita. A total tsawon na pool daga furthest aya daga cikin tushen ne daidai da 4287 km. A tsawon ruwan yankin, located a kan ƙasa na Rasha ne a cikin kewayon har zuwa 4123 km.

A hydrology akwai irin wannan abu a matsayin tsawon na waterway. Yana hada da mafi muhimmanci da finjalai da suke cikin kowace hanya alaka da takamaiman kogin. A cikin hali na Yenissei tsawon irin wannan hanyar zai zama wani hanya zuwa Ider ciki har da Baikal. Wannan adadi ne game 5550 kilomita.

A duka yankin ruwaye aka ƙaddara Hema 2580 dubu murabba'in mita. km. A cewar wannan nuna alama pool shi ne ranked bakwai a duniya. Wani muhimmin alama ne fall da kuma gangaren Yenisei River. Don lissafta farko ƙayyade darajar da farko dukiya. The fall da kuma gangaren Yenisei River - vzaimoperemennye sigogi da kuma dogara da juna. A kayyade rabbai na muhimmanci dalilai ne da tsawo daga cikin tushen (3.3 km) da kuma bakin (0 km). Daga farko na biyu da darajar da aka mu cire, kuma ya jũya 3300 m gaba mataki ne domin sanin da tsawon kogin -. 4287 km. Yanzu 3300 raba da 4287 an fassara sakamakon darajar a ppm. Saboda haka, fadowa da kuma daidaita nuna bambanci Yenissei kogin 3.3 km da 0,77 m / km bi da bi.

A tsarin da tashar

The halitta iyaka da kogin da aka dauke su axis na rabuwa da gabas da yamma, Siberia. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mafi yawan bar banki na Hema ne a kan tudu, da dama banki - a cikin duwatsu taiga. Pool located in da dama climatic zones. Saboda haka inda yake da kogin Yenisei, idan ta ƙananan iyakacin duniya beyar, a cikin sama - raƙuma? Kasa source na ruwa yanki ne birni na Kyzyl. A wannan wuri ne Yanã shigar Big da Small Yenisei.

A farko 188 kilomita na kogin ƙasa ne m depressions da fadace fadace. A wannan ɓangare na kwari nisa dabam daga 100 zuwa 650 m at matsakaici acan har zuwa 12 m. Ga sauke da nuna bambanci Yenissei River kusan sifili. Bugu da ari, ruwa yankin da aka wakilta, a gida tafki SHUSHENSKAYA HPP. Domin dutsen kewayon Sayan hanya bends sharply bar har Mainskaya HPP 290 km. The most tafki a cikin hanyar Hema ne Krasnoyarsk. Its tsawon ne game da 360 km. Da nisa daga cikin kwarin a wasu wurare fiye da 5 km. Amma ga gado, shi ne game da mita 500. Kusa da bakin Lower Tunguska pool yana faɗaɗa muhimmanci - har zuwa 40 km, kuma a Ust Porta - har zuwa 150 km. A wannan yanayin, da tashar rike da size a cikin kewayon 2500 zuwa 5000 m. A zurfin kogin dabam daga 5 zuwa 30 m. A karshe cikas kafin teku ne Brekhovskie tsibiran cewa raba hanya a cikin wani jam'i na ducts. A duka nisa daga cikin matsatsiyar 50 km. A karshen aya daga cikin hanya ne Kara Sea. An haɗa ta hannun riga Yenisei Gulf.

Features ruwa

River Yenisei shugabanci ne mai saukin ganewa da: a kudancin saboda arewa. Hema ruwan kasance a cikin irin gauraye ciyar. Wannan kudi da aka ƙaddara da asalin jinsunan. A babban rabo na pool kayayyaki - snow, shi ne 48%. Bugu da ari, akwai raindrops aikin gandu - 36% da kuma ƙasa - 16%. Ikon nuna alama ne tushen da ruwan da ruwa abun ciki. Daga wadannan, bi da bi, ya dogara a kan kogin kwarara.

Yenisei fara daskare a farkon watan Oktoba. A tasa aka kafa nisa da tushe mai karfi kankara breaking, wanda yana har zuwa karshen watan Nuwamba. A cikin mountainous yankunan akwai sau da yawa manyan kankara. A cikin bazara shi ne lokacin da komowar ruwa, a sau na gaggawa. A cikin manya ruwa ne sau da yawa gagarumin ambaliya bakin teku kauyuka, zaunanniya har tsakiyar lokacin rani. The mafi ƙasƙanci ruwa amfani ne lura a tushen daga cikin kogin - 1009 cubic mita. m / s, mafi girma - a Igarka (fiye da 18,000 cubic mita / sec.). A cikin sharuddan dake kwarara Kalmasa ranked farko a kasar. A shekara-shekara girma dabam tsakanin 630 cubic mita.

Aikin gandu da kuma tattara abubuwa masu kyau

Bakin Yenisei River ne kama, duk da haka, wani m tashar ne kullum haɗa zuwa wasu manyan daruna. A mafi muhimmanci da kuma manyan aikin gandu Hema dauke Abakan, Sym, Kantegir, Elohim, da Het, Dubches, Tanama, Tuba, Sisim, Tunguska, Mu, Bakht, Kureika, Angara, Dudinka, Kebezh, Haytayka da sauransu. Total ruwa yanki zai fada fiye da 500 na gudãna, wanda jimlar tsawon ne game da 300 dubu km.

By yankin, da dama inflows muhimmanci mamaye hagu. A nan ne babban tributary da kogin Angara. Duk da haka, da zarar a 10-12 shekaru, da Lower Tunguska wuce na shekara-shekara magudana. Dalilin wannan aiki ne a karkashin kasa hydrological kwarara da kuma narkewa snow. Sha'awa, bayan da batu na mahaɗar tsakãninsu da Angara yana dauke da wani zamani Yenisei rumfar ajiye jiragen sama. A dukan aya daga cikin magabaci daga Manuniya kamar tarin da kuma amfani da ruwa yankin. Duk da haka, Rasha masana kimiyya kira wannan wuri da Yenisei-Angara. River mahaɗar tsakãninsu auku a wani dama kwana.

babban Yenisei

Wannan ruwa yanki na musamman wuri a cikin hydrological tsarin na Rasha. A kogi ne fiye da 605 km tare da total yankin na tasa zuwa 56,8 dubu murabba'in mita. km. A talakawan ruwa amfani ne a kusa da 585 cubic mita. m / s. Wannan halayyar ma'anar da matakin da kogin Yenisei total dake kwarara Khem tasa. Dauke su source na lake kira Kara-Balyk. Its tsawo ne 1521 m. A kogi ne dauke su wani administrative ɓangare na Jamhuriyar Tuva. Shipping hanya lullube for 285 km daga bakinsa. Ya kamata a lura cewa, wani babban watsin yankin. Shi ne saboda wani babban yankin da kuma zurfin Todzha tasa. Its taimako ba ka damar haifar da wata babbar catchment yankin. A Bii-Khem gudanar game da dozin manyan aikin gandu, babbansu wanda suna dauke Systyg, Toora da Khamsara.

A mafi m ɓangare na tekun aka located a kan iyakar Buryatia da Irkutsk. A nan akwai na musamman ma'aunan kasa halaye na kogin. Yenisei gudana ta hanyar da vents tara m volcanoes. Tare da irin wannan m ƙasa, wannan yanki ne har yanzu untouched budurwa ga masana'antu motsa. Yau wannan ne wakilta lake Azas pool, wanda aka dauke a yanayi ajiye da kuma janyo hankalin yawon bude ido daga ko'ina cikin duniya.

A tarihin kewayawa

A halin yanzu, da Yenisei ne wani muhimmin sufuri jijiya da kuma Industry na Rasha. A kogin gudu kullum da dama, ƙanana da manyan tasoshin. Duk da haka, saboda da wuya ƙasa, kuma m kogin gado a cikin ruwa sau da yawa faruwa hatsari. Ko da a cikin 1877, ya sha wahala a auka daga cikin steamer "Thames" da kuma schooner kira "Northern Lights." Na biyu crews gudanar ya tsira 'yan. A lokacin daga 1892 zuwa 1941 a sakamakon karfi da kankara shiga wani hali game da daruruwan jiragen ruwa sunk.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, da Yenisei daukawa mai hadarin da farko don ta m ambaliya. A sakamakon haka, da yawa tasoshin ne ramuka a cikin duwatsu yankunan da kwari.

muhalli bala'i

Yau, da River Yenisei manyan hatsarori da nasaba da samar da wutar lantarki shuka. sun sinadarai da kuma cutarwa mai a shekarar 2009 a cikin ruwa a sakamakon zube Shushenskogo pool. An kuma hallaka da dama da dakuna da kuma compartments muhimmanci tashar. A sakamakon da bala'i na dama rayuwarsu cikin ƙaho HPP ma'aikata.

Dalilin abkuwar wannan hadari da haihuwa fasaha, suna a cikin yanayin talauci da aka mai suna. Malalar ruwa a shekarar 2009 wata babbar adam da kuma muhalli da bala'i ga dukan ƙasar. Kawai a shekara daga baya gudanar da partially gyara lalacewa daga wani hatsari, an kiyasta kusan biliyan 22 rubles. A 2014, jihar ya kasaftawa wannan adadin na zamani na da ikon shuka a domin su hana maimaita bala'i.

nasara matsayi

A kogin wuce ta wurin garuruwa kamar Sayanogorsk, Kyzyl, Abakan, Krasnoyarsk, Novoselovo, Zheleznogorsk, Cheryomushki, Turukhansk, Divnogorsk, Ust-Port, Minusinsk, Karaus da sauransu. Tsakanin biranen akwai da dama daga manyan gadoji. Da sabuwar na wadannan an dauke su a kewaye hanya abu ga M53 hanya.

Kusan duk da ruwan da Yenisei garuruwa da kai tsaye dama ga teku. Wannan facilitates kai daga nauyi. A cikin kogin gutter aiki nan da nan 3 samar da wutar lantarki shuka samar da wutar lantarki dukan yankin.