A parasitic tsutsa: iri, da hadarin da kuma lura da matakan

Mafi yawa daga cikin jinsin kwayoyin cewa wanzu a wannan duniya tamu da ƙarni da millennia, bi hanyar juyin halitta da kuma nazarin halittu ci gaba. Duk da haka, akwai wakilan da namun daji, da cewa mafi girma nasarar cimma gaba ɗaya daban-daban hanyar - ko ci baya simplification daga cikin kungiyar. Ta yaya wannan ya faru da kuma yadda shi zai iya zama da amfani? Sai dai itace cewa yana da wani zama dole yanayin ga hali na wani parasitic salon. Musamman da kyau saba da rayuwa domin wasu gudanar daban-daban iri tsutsotsi - helminths, wanda za mu yi magana da kara.

A tsarin da parasitic tsutsotsi

By helminths ko parasitic tsutsotsi, hada da irin kwayoyin da cewa sun saba da rayuwa a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma sauran halittu, ciki har da mutumin, sa ransa aiki na tsanani lalacewar kiwon lafiya da kuma ko da rai daga cikin rundunar. Kowane parasitic tsutsa ne iya canza a kan rayuwar sake zagayowar da dama Runduna. Wajibi ne a kiyaye da ƙarfi, kuma rayuwa da qwai, watau a nan gaba a cikin zuriyata.

Hakika, kowane aji na da wakilan da suka, bi da bi, suna dauke da siffofin da cewa bambanta su daga juna da kuma ba da damar parasites zama na musamman. Duk da haka, yana yiwuwa ya ware dama na kowa halaye mallaki by kowane parasitic tsutsa.

1. A tsarin da jiki yana da gabobin, bauta ga kugìyàr a cikin rundunar jiki. Misalai sucker hooks.
2. A gaban musamman integument, ba kyale rundunar kwayoyin zuwa nike su.
3. Jinkirta da zũriyarsu, da dama miliyan qwai a lokaci da kuma hadadden tsarin da haihuwa tsarin (sau da yawa androgynous irin).
4. Komawa da baya a cikin tsarin da duk hankula. Narkewa kamar, kuma excretory tsarin kamar yadda sauki a tsarin da kuma ayyuka. Numfasawa ne da za'ayi a ko'ina cikin jiki surface.
5. A ikon haifa wani larval mataki.

Duk wadannan siffofin sa daban-daban na parasitic tsutsotsi, mai m da matukar hatsari halittu, mallakan wani imbin rayuwa.

Nau'in parasitic tsutsotsi

Biyu kawai manyan kungiyoyin na wadannan kwayoyin za a iya gano.

1. Type Flatworms. Wannan parasitic siffofin ne azuzuwan Belt, Flukes. Iri parasitic flatworms cewa rubuta: Bovine tapeworm, naman alade tapeworm, m kifi tapeworm, Echinococcus, feline fluke, Schistosoma, leykohloridy paradoxical, Fluke da sauransu.
2. Rubuta Roundworms. Class gaskiya roundworms. Misalan kwayoyin anisakids, pinworm, roundworm, hookworm, Guinea tsutsa, whipworm, kamar su Trichinella, filaria, da sauransu.

Irin parasitic tsutsotsi ne sosai bambancin. Total malamai sun gano wasu 300 wakilan da suka iya rayuwa a jikin wani mutum da sunan, ba a ma maganar da sauran dabbobi. Lalacewar ta wurin wadannan halittu, da gaske wani lokacin irreparable.

Class gaskiya roundworms: parasitic siffofin

Idan aka kwatanta da flatworms, wannan kungiya cikin sharuddan tsarin da jiki ne mafi sosai raya. Saboda haka, wannan aji na parasitic tsutsotsi yana da wadannan siffofin.

1. Iri guda ba. Maza suna da testes da vas tashar bude a cikin hindgut. Mãtan - ovaries, hada a kowa farji. Sake bugun kawai jima'i.
2. Low ikon regenerate batattu sassa na jiki, kamar yadda da yawan Kwayoyin yana da iyaka.
3. Yana bayyana dubura. Saboda haka, da narkewa kamar tsarin yana da wani nau'i na sauki tube, wanda ya kunshi da na baka da rabo, tsakiya da kuma tsuliya canal.
4. A juyayi tsarin kunshi ganglia. Duk da yake mai sauqi qwarai, amma duk da haka data kasance.
5. Excretory tsarin irin protonephridia.
6. Jikin marufai uku yadudduka, da m - da hypodermis. Ya ba kawai wani m rawa, amma kuma kwarangwal aiki. Yana kuma wuce metabolism.
7. cibiyar na jiki ne m psevdotselyu - wani rami a cikinsa akwai wani ruwa. Ta taka rawar da jini.

A parasitic tsutsa daga wannan aji na iya kai daban-daban rayuwa. Saboda haka, saki na bio- da geoparazitov. By biohelminths ya kamata a classified wadanda jinsunan da aka maye gurbinsu, a cikin rãyuwar 'yan masu da kuma ta haka yada. By geohelminthes - wadanda yaduwa faruwa a waje muhalli.

whipworm

Wannan parasitic roundworm tana nufin geohelminthes, domin ya ninka da girma da kuma ci gaba na bukatar yanayi biyu:

• gaban jikin mutum.
• al'ada rigar duniya.

Tare da irin wannan suna fadin bukatun shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa Yaduwar helminth sosai high. By kanta, da adult tsutsa da wuya ya kai wani tsawon 5 cm a su maza da mãtã bambanta a cikin raya karshen na jiki :. A farko shi ne thickened da kuma spirally Twisted, da kuma na biyu - wani elongated threadlike.

Yana ciyarwa da m ba da abun ciki na mutum hanji, wato jininsa, don haka da magani daga makamantanta bukatar musamman. Ya warai rinjayar da hanji bango, don haka shi zai iya sa kumburi. Ƙwanƙwasa kwayoyin kayayyakin da ta aiki.

Haka kuma cutar lalacewa ta hanyar wannan dabba kira trichocephalosis. Kamuwa faruwa ne ta tactile lamba tare da cike da laka da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan lambu, da ruwa. Shi ne a kan wadannan batutuwa ne bochonkovidnye m qwai, wanda isa jima'i balaga a cikin jiki a cikin 'yan makonni.

Nuni qwai da faeces da kuma ci gaban ne a cikin yanayi - a dumi, m gona. Baya mutum ya yi lõma da sake.

pinworm

A parasitic roundworm da ya auku kusan kowane biyu yaro zai iya zama ba, kuma a cikin balagaggu. Kananan fari parasites da wuya kai tsawon fiye da 5 mm. Su main alama, wadda ke bayar da haka yadada, - babu mai shi canji. Su parasitic a jiki daya, cin abinci da abinda ke ciki ya hanjinsu.

Dare daga cikin dubura da kuma dubura daga cikin da'irar sa mai yawa qwai. Wannan sa yaro ya itching da kuma hangula, ya sani fara a mafarki to karce wannan wuri. Saboda haka qwai zuwa fada karkashin yatsun, inda sake a baka rami da kuma abubuwan dake kewaye.

Bayan kwanciya qwai, da mace mutu. Saboda haka, a cikin akwati inda sake infestation ba a lura, shi iya warkar da jiki ba tare da likita shiga tsakani. Cuta lalacewa ta hanyar pinworms, aka kira Enterobiasis.

fleshworm

A parasitic tsutsa ne mai matukar kananan size. Da wuya ya kai gare shi a tsawon 3.5 mm. Maza ne karami. Yana nufin biohelminths. Parasites a cikin mutane da kuma dabbobi masu shayarwa. Jifar tsokoki kamar yadda shirya da kuma shirya a gare su. Kowane mace na iya sa mai yawa qwai (2 har zuwa dubu), sa'an nan kuma mutuwa.

Bayan kimanin watanni biyu da qwai a cikin larvae, wadda da na yanzu na Lymph da jini baza a ko'ina cikin jiki, da karfafa tsokoki da kuma hana yin aiki da kyau. Cuta kira qwayoyin cutuka masu halin, tare da karfi samu tare da parasites shi zai iya zama m.

Flat Type, aji Tapeworms

Wakilai daga irin wannan na iya zama ko dai free-rai, kuma parasitic siffofin. Domin dukkan su suna halin da wasu peculiarities a cikin tsarin da jiki.

1. Bangarorin fasali.
2. Rashin jiki kogo.
3. Da gagarumin iya aiki domin farfadowa.
4. Matsakaicin simplification na narkewa kamar tsarin.
5. Mafiya yawa jinsunan - dauke da lalurar mata.

Babban kwari ne biyu azuzuwan - Belt da kuma Flukes.

Broad tapeworm da Echinococcus

Broad tapeworm - a parasitic tapeworm, aka maye gurbinsu da uku Runduna ga rayuwa. A farko daga cikin wadannan ne crustaceans, na biyu - da kifi, da uku da karshe - mutumin. A tsawon wadannan helminths iya zama har zuwa mitoci da dama. Suka ciyar a kan abinda ke ciki na hanji, haddasa kaifi fiye da yunwa da kuma rashin kayan ga rai na mai shi.

Kamuwa faruwa ta hanyar kifi, yanã cin mutane. Cutar da ake kira bothriocephaliasis.

Echinococcus - kuma a parasitic tapeworm. Its peculiarity ne cewa mutumin a gare shi - da wani tsaka-tsaki mai gida. karnuka da Wolves ne na farko. Duk da haka, da zarar mutum a cikin kwayoyin, da larvae suna ɗauke da jini. hexacanth - larvae To, ka tafi. Sai suka samar da wani kumfa da cewa an fara girma. Wannan cutar da ake kira hydatid cuta.

Dukansu dauke m jinsuna da dama layuka na fahimtar hooks for rutin a cikin rundunar fiye da yin karin lalacewa da kuma haifar da ciwo. Shi ne ma kowa da m parasites na bel ne sarkar - Bovine da porcine.

Schistosoma da paradoxical leykohloridy

Ga wasu daga cikin parasitic tsutsotsi suna halin da canji na mai tare da sa hannu na gastropods? Amsar shi ne cewa shi ne saboda mutane da yawa flukes. Wannan tsutsa, wanda da yawa suckers. Yana da su, suna gyarawa a jikin karshe rundunar, wanda shi ne wani mutum.

Schistosoma - shi ne mai irin, kamuwa da cuta abin da ya auku a lokacin da hotuna a cikin ruwa, inda da larvae iyo. Suka ciyar a kan jinin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Su main hadari - zangarniya a jiki, suka soki ganuwar ciki gabobin, haddasa su kumburi, da bayyanar cysts, maruran. Warke daga wadannan parasites wuya.

Leykohloridy paradoxical - ya amfani gastropods matsayin daya daga cikin rundunarsa. A karshe ma'ana ga rayuwar wannan tsutsa ne Ya zãɓe tsuntsaye. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin jikin katantanwa da tsutsa kuma girma ta zama convex haka cewa m daga waje. Yana kama da haske kore matafila, wanda janyo hankalin tsuntsaye. Su rarake shi, sakamakon da samu.

Matakan magance parasitic tsutsotsi

Fada parasitic tsutsotsi - ba abu mai sauƙi. Mafi muhimmanci - m kiyaye da dukkan dole m matakan. Na bayar da muhimmanci ne ko kuma ga jama'a kiwon lafiya. Ba tare da wannan yaki helminth qwai yiwu. Abu na biyu, shi ne haƙĩƙa mai kyau thermal aiki na abinci.

Magani ga kowane musamman irin m tsananin akayi daban-daban da kuma sanya wani likita. Mafi sau da yawa shi ne a kwamfutar hannu ( "Vermoxum", "Dekaris", "Pyrantel" da sauransu. D.). Duk da haka, a mafi tsanani lokuta kuma ana buƙatar injections, IVs, radiation da sauran effects.