Blood-on-Blood a St. Petersburg (haikalin). Ikilisiyar Mai Ceto a kan Jini

Blossom on-the-Blood in St. Petersburg yana daya daga cikin mafi kyau, majami'u masu ban sha'awa da kuma muni a Rasha. Domin shekaru da dama a kwanakin zamanin Soviet, an ba da shi ga wanzuwa. Yanzu, mayar da shi, yana janyo hankalinta da girma da kuma bambancin dubban baƙi.

Fara tarihin

Bloas-on-Blood a St. Petersburg an gina shi a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar sarki Alexander II. A cikin nisa 1881 a wurin da aka gina ikilisiya, abubuwa masu ban sha'awa sun faru. Maris 1 Tsar Alexander II da aka directed zuwa Champ de Mars, inda ya kasance auku farati. A sakamakon sakamakon ta'addancin da 'yan gudun hijirar jama'ar kasar II Grinevitsky suka aikata, an yi masa rauni.

A kan umarni na Alexander III, a daidai lokacin da bala'in ya faru, an gina Ikilisiyar Mai Ceto a kan Jini, inda za a yi aiki na yau da kullum don kashe. Sabili da haka sunan mai ceto a kan jini, sunan Ikilisiyar Ikkilisiya na Almasihu, an kafa shi a bayan coci.

Shari'ar akan gina ginin

Don zaɓar aikin mafi kyau don gina haikalin, an sanar da gasar gine-ginen. Mashawarta mafi girma sun shiga cikin wannan. Kawai a cikin na uku yunkurin (as yawa sau ayyana da hamayya) , Alexander III ya zaɓi wani aiki da jũna a gare shi ya fi dace. Mahalarta ita ce Alfred Parland da Archimandrite Ignatius.

An yi amfani da Spas-on-Blood a St. Petersburg akan abubuwan da aka tattara ta dukan duniya. Kasashen Rasha ba su ba da gudummawa ba, amma ta 'yan ƙasa na sauran kasashen Slavic. Ganuwar mayafin ƙwaƙwalwa a bayan gine-ginen da aka yi da ɗamarar makamai masu yawa na larduna, biranen, ƙananan hukumomi, waɗanda suka miƙa hadayunsu, dukansu sun kasance da tsalle-tsalle. A kan giciye na ginin da aka rufe a cikin ƙwallon ƙwallon an saka wani kambin gilded a wata alamar cewa mafi yawan gudunmawa ga gina shi ne ya yi da iyalin august. Gwargwadon yawan gine-ginen ya kai kimanin miliyan 4.6 na rubles.

Ginin katolika

Ikklisiya an kafa shi a 1883, lokacin da aka kammala aikin ba. A wannan mataki, babban aikin shine karfafa ƙasa don haka ba a wanke ba, saboda tashar Griboedov ta kusa, kuma ta kafa harsashi mai tushe.

Gidan cocin mai ceto a kan Blood a St. Petersburg ya fara kafa a 1888. Gray dutse amfani ga rufi hula bango aza daga ja-kasa-kasa tubalin, da sandunansu, Frames for windows, moldings aka sanya daga Estland marmara. An yi wa ado da zane ashirin da katako, wanda aka rubuta sunayen manyan ka'idodin Alexander II. A shekara ta 1894 an gina manyan ɗakuna na babban cocin, ta 1897, an kammala surori tara. Yawancin su an rufe su da haske mai haske.

Da kayan ado na haikalin

A ganuwar da Haikalin, Dome, hasumiyar gama rufe ban mamaki ado alamu, dutse, marmara, enamel kayan ado, mosaic. Musamman ma, farar fata, arcades, kokoshniki ne a kan kayan ado na ado. Jigon adadin mosaic (ciki da waje) yana da kimanin mita mita shida. An gudanar da manyan kayan kwararru bisa ga zane-zanen manyan masu fasaha Vasnetsov, Parland, Nesterov, Koshelev. A gefen arewacin facade yana wakiltar ma'anar "tashin matattu", a kudanci akwai sashen "Kristi cikin Girma". Daga yamma an yi ado da facade tare da hoton "Mai Ceton ba da hannunsa ba," kuma daga gabas zai iya ganin "Mai Ceton Mai albarka".

Mai Ceto a kan zub da jini a St. Petersburg, 'yan stylized Moscow Cathedral Vasiliya Blazhennogo. Amma fasaha mai kyau da kuma tsarin gine-gine yana da mahimmanci da asali.

Bisa ga shirin, babban coci babban gini ne, wanda ke da manyan nau'i biyar da ƙananan ƙarami kaɗan. Kudancin, facade ta tsakiya an yi wa ado da pediment-kokoshniki, gabashin gabas - uku da ke kewaye da zinariya cupolas. Daga yamma akwai ginin tauraron dan adam da kyakkyawan dilded dome.

Beauty daga ciki

Babban wurin haikalin wani ɓangare ne mai banƙyama na canal na Catherine. Ya haɗa da shinge masu shinge, shinge na cobblestone, sashi na raga. Wurin da sarki ya mutu, an yanke shawarar barin shi. Don aiwatar da wannan shirin, an canza siffar sacewa, kuma harsashin ginin ya sauko tashar tashar ta hanyar mita 8.5.

Mafi girma kuma mai mahimmanci a St. Petersburg za'a iya kiransu Ikilisiyar Mai Ceto a kan jini. Hotuna hotuna ne. A karkashin ginin gwal, daidai a wurin da wannan mummunan lamari ya faru, shine "Giciye tare da wanda yake faruwa". An gicciye giciye na dutse da marmara. A gefen an sanya gumakan tsarkaka.

Abubuwan ado na ciki - ado na haikalin - yana da matukar muhimmanci kuma yana da fifiko ga waje. Masihu na Mai Ceton na musamman, dukansu an yi su ne bisa ga zane-zane na mashahuran mashahuran ƙurar: Kharlamov, Belyaev, Koshelev, Ryabushkin, Novoskoltsev da sauransu.

Karin tarihi

An bude majami'ar kuma an tsarkake shi a 1908. Ba kawai haikalin ba ne, shine kawai gidan ibada-kayan gargajiya, abin tunawa ga Sarkin sarakuna Alexander II. A shekara ta 1923, an bai wa Spas-on-Blood matsayin matsayi na wani babban coci, amma ta hanyar son zuciyarsa ko kuma saboda canjin tarihi mai tsanani a 1930 an rufe haikalin. Ginin ya mika wa kamfanin Politkotorzhan. A tsawon shekaru, a karkashin mulkin Soviet, an yanke shawara don halakar da haikalin. Zai yiwu wannan yaki ya hana shi. Kafin shugabannin a wannan lokacin, wasu ayyuka masu muhimmanci sun kasance.

A lokacin mummunan lamarin Leningrad da aka gina gina coci an yi amfani dashi a matsayin birni na birni. A karshen yakin, Kamfanin Little Opera ya shirya wani ɗakunan ajiya a nan.

Bayan an canza canjin a cikin gwamnatin Soviet, an gane haikalin a matsayin tarihin tarihi. A shekara ta 1968, ya fadi a karkashin kariya daga Hukumar Kulawa ta Jihar, kuma a shekarar 1970 an bayyana Ikilisiyar Tashin Almasihu daga cikin Ikkilisiyar St. Isaac. A cikin wadannan shekarun nan babban coci ya fara farfado. Maidowa ya ragu, kawai a shekarar 1997 a matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya na Mai Ceto akan Blood ya fara karɓar baƙi.

A shekara ta 2004, fiye da shekaru 70 bayan haka, Metropolitan Volodymyr yayi hidima a litattafan allahntaka a coci.

Yau duk wanda ya ziyarci St. Petersburg yana so ya ziyarci Mai Ceto akan Blood. Gwanayen budewa na gidan kayan gargajiya sun baka damar yin wannan a kowane lokaci a lokacin rani daga karfe 10 zuwa 22, a cikin hunturu daga 10 zuwa 19.

Jirgin Spas-on-the-Blood (Yekaterinburg)

Idan muka yi magana game da wahalar da iyalin Romanov ke fama da shi, ba za mu iya taimaka wajen ambaci haikalin a Yekaterinburg ba. A cikin wannan birni ne yarinyar da ke cikin zamanin da suka kashe kwanaki na ƙarshe, a wurin mutuwarsu da zuriyarsu suka gina Mai Ceto a kan Jini. Taswirar birnin nuna cewa babban coci da aka gina a kan site na Ipatiev House. Kamar yadda tarihin ya ce, 'yan Bolshevik daga gidan injiniya Ipatiev sun kwashe gidan wannan gida. A nan ne iyalin Romanov ya yi kwanaki 78. 17 ga Yuli, 1918, dukkanin shahidai an harbe su a ginshiki. Yayin zamanin Soviet, an tattake ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar gidan sarauta da baƙi. A 1977, bisa ga shawarar da kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU ya yanke, gidan ya rushe, an umarci BN ya kula da taron. Yeltsin. A cikin takardunsa, ya kira wannan barbar abu, wanda ba za'a iya gyara sakamakonsa ba.

Fitar da haikalin

Sai kawai a shekara ta 2000, a daidai lokacin da bala'i ya faru, an gina aikin haikalin nan da nan. Sunan mai suna "Gidan Haikali a kan Hutun da sunan Dukan Masu Tsarki". A wannan shekarar ne aka girmama iyalin Nicholas II. Tuni a shekara ta 2003, ranar 16 ga watan Yuli, babban budewa, hasken coci ya faru.

Tsarin, wanda girmanta ya kai mita 60, yana da fam biyar, yawan yanki na mita mita dubu uku ne. Tsarin gine-gine na Rasha-Byzantine ya jaddada girman da girma na ginin. Ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi majami'ar babba da ƙananan. Babban haikalin alama ce ta fitilar da ba ta iya ba da haske, ta tuna a kan abin da ya faru a nan. Ƙananan jana'izar haikalin yana a cikin ginshiki. Ya haɗa da ɗakin kisan, inda akwai ainihin zama na gidan Ipatiev. Gidan bagaden yana tsaye a kan shafin, inda aka kashe dangin Romanovs. Nan da nan ya gina gidan kayan gargajiya, wanda ke nuna sadaukarwa ga kwanakin ƙarshe na rayuwar dangi.

Kowace shekara, a ranar da aka manta da ranar 17 ga watan Yuli, ana gudanar da hankali a coci, yana da magungunan (25 km) zuwa Ganina Yama - an kawo jikin zuwa wannan ƙaura bayan an yanke shi. Dubban mahajjata zo nan a kowace shekara biya haraji ga Regal Shahidai, rukũ'i zuwa hubbaren.