Car "Ural-375": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla, description, engine, real masu

Don kwanan wata, akwai mutane da yawa mota brands. A cikin model ko da ba su magana, saboda count na karshe ba zai yiwu ba. Amma a lokacin da ta je motoci, kana bukatar ka fahimci cewa wasu sun samu musamman rarraba. Wasu zahiri san a duk faɗin duniya. Saboda haka abin da ya faru a lokacin da sunan ya zama gidan kalma. Wannan shi ne ba kawai wani iri da kuma manufar da, amma lakabtawa na takamaiman ayyuka.

Fara na fara

"Ural-375" - kawai daya daga cikin wadannan raka'a. Na'am, duk duniya ta iya zama, kuma ba su sani ba, amma a nan a cikin CIS da wuya a sami wani adult wanda bai san abin da ya kama.

A yanke shawara, don samar da sabon mota da aka dauka ta kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta da model kamar yadda nisa baya a matsayin shekarar 1958. Kamar yadda daya daga cikin manyan masu kera aka zaba a matsayin lokaci Ural Automobile Shuka. An ayi haka da nisa, a Miass, kusa Chelyabinsk.

M maimaitawa izini da gwamnatin da sararin kasa, ya bukaci da babban kudi. Goals kawai ya tabbatar da wajen. Amma, idan ka kalli "Ural" motocin, zamu iya cewa duk abin da ya juya daga ba zai iya zama mafi nasara.

aikin

Manufar da maimaitawa, wanda aka ambata a sama kadan, shi ne bukatar haifar da wani sabon truck. Wasu halaye muhimmi a asalin kewaye, da kuma waɗanda karfe reluwe a kan wanda tafiya shirin.

A kasar da ake bukata da truck aiki a yankunan da high ƙasa mai shãmakacẽwa. A saboda wannan dalili aka yanke shawarar shirya wani dukan bunch na biyar-ton truck. Kuma shi ba wani wargi, tun taro samar fara a 1961, da kuma daga wannan lokacin a kan hanya, ya bari mai yawa motoci.

A tarihin na mota "Ural-375" yana farawa kadan a baya. Back a shekarar 1958 da prototypes tafi a kan hanya. Tsananin magana, su ne kawai suka sashi a cikin wani zanga-zanga a farati. Bugu da kari, shi ya ba da irin wannan manyan motoci.

A farko yunkurin

The sosai farko gwajin biyu ya zama wani abu gaba daya sabon. A gaskiya, ba yawa faru. Yafi saboda, domin inji tare da wata alama da ake kira "Ural ZIS nami-375" amfani da abubuwa daga ZIL. A kalla daya daga cikin samfurori da aka kullum sanye take da wani gida daga ɗari da talatin model.

Bugu da kari, da kayayyaki da suka quite tsanani flaws cewa ba su yarda ka yi amfani da su, kamar yadda aka asali nufin. Alal misali, engine ( "Ural-375") ga "manufar" ya, to sa shi mai laushi, ba kyau isa. Da sauri sa fitar da cikakken bayani, ci gaba da harka da breakage. Yana ba ya aiki daidai da dukan tsarin kamar wani kama ko birki. Bugu da kari, da makirci da aka ma'ana - gadoji, a matsayin tushen kowane mota, ba isasshe stringent. A karshen take kaiwa zuwa tsanani matsaloli. Ya kamata kuma a lura, duk da haka, cewa ya ari gida ya ba isasshe resistant zuwa vibration - karkashin m ƙasa da shi zai iya zama wani m factor.

Mataki na biyu

Su ne, kamar yadda ya saba, shi ne kawai da "Ural-375". Makirci da tsarin da aka kusan m zuwa yau. Duk da cewa ya kasance da kusan shekara guda zuwa shekara ta 1959 shi ne mai babbar nasara kafin a fara serial samar. A jam'iyyar da ya sauka daga na'ura aka sanye take da bukkokin da kansa samar.

A gaskiya ma, cikin mota "Ural-375" bayani dalla-dalla ba bad isa. Ko don wani gwajin jerin. Bugu da kari, bisa ga tsari na nan ministan tsaron kasar, da wasu canje-canje da aka yi. Alal misali, a kan dandamali karkatar da aka shigar, kazalika da sama da taksi. Glass na iya zama da tsabta. Duk wannan shi ne saboda soja bukatun.

seriality

Bayan sama gwaje-gwajen, jagorancin kasar da aka yarda da farkon na serial samar. A farko da sakamakon za a iya gani riga a watan Nuwamba 1960. Sa'an nan da "Ural-375" da farko lokacin da za a nuna wa mutane daidai da hanyar da shi ne a yanzu.

Na farko 'yan shekaru da aka kishin filin gwaji. Up har shekarar 1963, duk da cak sun tabbatar da alama fasaha sigogi. A gaskiya, domin duk lokacin ko da shawarwari ga kyautata aka ɓullo. Wasu bayanai na injiniyoyi kira wani shakka ba, domin suna mayar da hankali ne a kan gaskiyar cewa babu kurakurai.

samarwa

"Ural-375" - da mota taro samar. A hannun jari gangara ɗari da goma da dubu kofe.

Production ci gaba har sai da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, watau har sai 1992.

Irin gwada yawa ambaliya na sosai sauki saboda gaskiyar cewa amfani da su a zahiri a ko'ina. Lalle ne, shi ya kasance da wuya a samu wasu fiye da na kowa truck. Ba a matsayin babban matsayin wasu model na KrAZ motocin, har yanzu ya iya sauƙi fitar ta hanyar m ƙasa, ɗauke da yawa bambancin kaya.

"Ural-375": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla

A engine a cikin wannan truck duk-ƙasa abin hawa, da aka gudanar a karkashin lakabin "ZIL-375". The zane na V-dimbin yawa, takwas-Silinda engine. Da ikon ne quite high, a 180 horsepower.

Dabam, shi ne ya kamata a lura da wani Karkasa tsarin na canje-canje, a taya matsa lamba. Ga manyan motoci, aka yi nufi ga tafiya a kan m ƙasa, shi ne quite wani muhimmin factor. Gearbox, shigar a nan, wani biyar-gudun. Har ila yau, inji sanye take da wani dual-kama watsa.

Wani ne ya ce game da tsarin transfer hali. Gaskiyar cewa iri biyu da aka samar. Mazan iko ya wuya, domin da manual iko liba reversible gaban aksali a daya daga uku matsayi - kashe da kuma a kan. Waɗannan su ne kawai biyu, amma karshen za a iya kulle ko a bude tare da cibiyar bambanci. A sabon version of guda da cewa shigar da tsarin a shekarar 1965, zaci wani Saukake mai girma da inji. Saboda haka, gada kasance ko da yaushe a kan, amma cibiyar bambanci shigar planetary type, tare da asymmetric kulle.

A iko inji ne ma za a tattauna dabam. A tuƙi akwatin sanye take da wani musamman na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa - fitar da irin wannan da wata na'ura da wuya ba tare da shi. Aiki ne ma yi tare da birki kara amfani, amma pneumatically.

disadvantages truck

Mene ne "Ural-375" fasaha fasali? Bã su da wani yawa gaya game da mota. Amma ba kusan a matsayin cikakken matsayin alama da farko kallo.

Da farko masu a wani nazari da aka fi sani a matsayin wata babbar man fetur amfani, wanda aka kashe a cikin engine. Index doke duk records for inji wannan aji, da kuma arba'in da takwas da ɗari lita kilomita. A cikin hunturu, wannan kudi ya kai 60 l. The mota ya kullum kasance wani babban batu na wannan truck. Gyara hanya domin shi ya low, kuma breakdowns cewa faruwa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, kawai dauka daga cikin direbobi da kansu - don gyara wani abu da aka wuya isa.

A 1977, wani sabon version na duk-ƙasa abin hawa - "Ural-4230". A mutunta mutane da yawa da shi shi ne mafifici a wannan model, amma fasaha halaye na "Ural-375" shi ne mafi ban sha'awa.

gyare-gyare

Read more game da model na truck. Kamar sauran m motoci, "Ural-375" sukan yi wa daban-daban canje-canje. Duk abin da yake quite ma'ana, musamman ba da babban bukatun da kasar a cikin art.

Abu na farko da lura "Ural-375", wanda gaba daya maye gurbin da misali inji tun 1964. Bambanci a nan shi ne a cikin kokfit - idan da misali version amfani tarpaulin, nan da ta kasance duk-karfe.

"Ural-375A" da aka tsara aiki a jummai-Trailers K-375. Su aka saki quite mai yawa, tun da model fita quite nasara.

"Ural-375E" ya duk da haka wani canji na shasi kamar baya version. Kawai babu wasa a daya irin na jiki. Yana shafi yin amfani da wani iri-iri na kayan aiki, wanda shi ne abin da ya faru, a gaskiya.

A model "375C" wakiltar wani guda tarakta naúrar kan wannan zane.

Don aiki "375K" da aka kafa a cikin permafrost - shi aka yi amfani da Far Arewa. A saboda wannan dalili na musamman rufi kayan a cikin taksi, jiki da kuma engine.

A lokacin, shi samu tartsatsi "375N", yi nufi ga kasa tattalin arziki. Azahiri sãɓã wa jũna a jiki (kawai wani katako dandamali tare da bude bangarorin), kazalika da babu iska ci bututu.

Shi ne ma daraja ambata cewa mai yawa inji amfani a cikin Armed Forces. Bisa ga wannan, duk-ƙasa truck gina yawa amfani sunadaran. Waɗannan su ne yafi motocin dakon yi colossus, amma akwai wasu misalai - radar tsarin, "Terek" ko shigar da mahara jefa roka wuta "Grad".

ƙarshe

A general, wannan mota ya mai da muhimmanci sosai milestone a samar da inji a duk faɗin Tarayyar Soviet. An nuna wannan ta ra'ayoyin masu da kuma gogaggen direbobi. AMINCI gwada tsawon shekaru da kuma tabbatar da yawa kyau sake dubawa, saboda a yau za ka iya samun wadannan manyan motoci a kan hanyoyi.

Mene ne farashin "Ural-375"? Series samar daina, sabili da haka, a sami sabon kusan ba zai yiwu. Amma da aka riga aka yi amfani da ... A wannan yanayin, da kudin zai dogara ne a kan mataki na lalacewa da tsagewa, kazalika a kan takamaiman model. A talakawan ne Naira Miliyan Xari za su kasance a cikin wannan fanni - 6-8 dubu daloli. Tsada model, daga samar da shekaru 20 da suka wuce.

Saboda haka, za mu fitar da siffa wadda truck ne avtoombil "Ural-375" bayani dalla-dalla da kuma farashin.