Halittu albarkatu na Barents Sea: halaye, fasali da kuma kwatancin

A Barents Sea aka located a bakin teku sassa na Arctic Ocean da kuma wanke Norway da kuma Rasha. Its sunan ya samu a 1853 da Willem Barents, wanda ya Dutch Navigator. A binciken da wannan ruwa jiki ya fara a 1821, amma da farko cikakken faye hali da aka sanya up ne kawai a farkon karni na ashirin da. Amma abin da yake na musamman game da shi, kuma abin da suke da nazarin halittu albarkatun da Barents Sea?

Gwargwadon wuri

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, da Barents Sea - a unguwar daga cikin mafi karami teku a duniya, daga abin da aka raba tsibirin (Spitsbergen, Vaigach, Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya da Bear). Bugu da kari, shi ne kẽwayesu da tẽkuna biyu - White kuma Kara. Kudu maso yammacin Waterfront dauke da indented, yana da yawa m cliffs da bays Fjord, mafi girma na wanda aka dauke Varangian, Porsangerfjord, Kola da Motovsky. Amma don gabas da halin da ake ciki dabam ƙwarai: Coast zama m da kuma dan kadan indented. M bays, da most of su - Khaipudyrskaya, Czech da kuma Pechora lebe. A Barents Sea ba sosai arziki a tsibirin. The most ne tsibirin Kolguev.

hydrology

Albarkatun ruwa a cikin Barents Sea aka kullum a bayansa da ta biyu manyan koguna - shi ne Indigo, kuma Pechora. The ruwa a cikin teku, wato, ta surface ne kullum a motsi. Yana gudana a cikin da'irar counterclockwise. A tsakiyar ɓangare na cikin teku, masana kimiyya ya gano wani tsarin na igiyoyin. Canje-canje a cikin wadannan disturbances iya faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ruwa musayar tare da sauran tekuna, da kuma daga canje-canje a cikin iska shugabanci. A mafi girma da tasiri a jihar bakin teku sashi ake Fitar-tidal igiyoyin. Daidaita a cikin Barents Sea da aka goyan bayan hanyar ruwan da kewaye tekuna. A total girma na ruwa da aka canjawa wuri tsakanin wani shekara, daidai ¼ jimlar ruwa a wannan tafki.

Sashen data

A Barents Sea ta'allaka ne a kan nahiyar shiryayye. Bambanta da shi daga kama da kududdufai da suke da quite na kowa a cikin zurfin 300-400 mita, amma talakawan an dauki - 222 m, kuma matsakaicin - 600 m kasa na wuri mai faɗi ne bambance bambancen :. nan za ka iya ganin a fili (Tsakiya Plateau), da kuma ciki (Tsakiya, matsakaicin zurfin - 386 m) da kuma elevations (Perseus matsakaicin zurfin - 63 m), da kuma ƙullunku (West, 600 m a cikin zurfin, kuma Franz-Victoria - 430 m). Rufe kasa a kudancin yawanci m, lokaci-lokaci za ka iya samun tsakuwa da pebbles. A arewaci da kuma tsakiyar na kowa laka da yashi. A duk inda kuma a can ne wani admixture na tarkace, saboda akwai kowa tsoho glacial adibas.

weather

A sauyin yanayi a wannan yanki ne ya rinjayi biyu daura a zazzabi yanayi na teku - da Atlantic da Arctic. Akai-akai m dumi cyclones gudana na sanyi iska, wadda take kaiwa zuwa rashin zaman lafiya na weather. Ya kuma bayyana cewa hadari ne ba nadiri nan. The talakawan zafin jiki ne sosai daban-daban a sassa daban daban na cikin teku, misali, a watan Fabrairu, a cikin arewa da shi zai iya fada wa -25, kuma a kudu maso yammacin kawai zama -4 digiri. A wannan halin da ake ciki na faruwa a watan Agusta - a arewa - daga 0 to +1 digiri, a kudu-maso-gabas - har zuwa 10. A yanayin ne kusan ko da yaushe m, da rãnã iya fito da wuya, sa'an nan kawai ga 'yan sa'o'i. Wannan sauyin yanayi ne saboda abin da babban iciness Barents. Kawai kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na taba aiki snow tubalan. A watan Afrilu, da misãlin kololuwa, wato 75% na tafki shagaltar da iyo kankara.

Halittu albarkatu na Barents Sea

A bambancin da Flora da fauna a cikin wannan tafki ne manya-manyan, duk wannan ya rãyar da benthos da plankton. Benthos - da karami kwayoyin da cewa rayuwa a cikin yashi a kan seabed. Wannan ya hada da duka biyu dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke. By zoobenthos hada da tarwada, stingrays, scallops, crabs, oysters da sauran. By Phytobenthos hada da wani iri-iri na algae cewa sun saba da rayuwa ba tare da hasken rana. Plankton - wani iri-iri na kananan kwayoyin cewa taso kan ruwa da yardar kaina a cikin ruwa da kuma ba su iya nuna akalla wasu juriya daga ƙarƙashinsu. Wannan ya hada da kwayoyin cuta, kananan jinsunan tsiren ruwan teku, Shellfish, kifi larvae da kwaro. Shuka albarkatu na Barents Sea a general ne sosai matalauta, kamar yadda aka dake arewacin Arctic. Rare ko namun dajin ba su samu. Macroalgae jam'i na iri (194) rayu a kan tekun Murmansk. Masana kimiyya sun gano nan 75 ja, 39 kore da kuma 80 subspecies na launin ruwan kasa.

marine rayuwa

Kifi na Barents Sea albarkatun ne manyan isa. Saboda haka, akwai yana da kyau-ɓullo da kama kifi. Ko da yake masana kimiyya sun kidaya 114 jinsunan, amma mafi muhimmanci dangane da kamun kifi suna dauke 20 daga cikinsu. Wannan herring, haddock, catfish, halibut, cod, redfish, zurfin, da sauransu, amma wadannan kifaye sa up 80% na jimlar kama daga cikin gida "dayansu". Don spawn, suka je bakin tekun na Norway, da kuma ya girma a soya yin iyo a cikin tẽku sarari. Arctic kifi da kuma cika albarkatun da Barents Sea. Wannan Saffron cod, herring malopozvonochnaya iyakacin duniya zurfin, Greenland halibut, iyakacin duniya shark da smelt. Amma da musamman darajar su ba kama kifi.

Dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma tsuntsaye

Halittu albarkatu na Barents Sea da kuma ƙara dabbobi masu shayarwa. Sun kasu kashi uku kungiyoyin: pinnipeds, cetaceans da ganima. Tsohon hada da garaya hatimi ko garaya hatimi, teku zomo, dabbar walrus ringed hatimi, da dai sauransu. Don na biyu - .. Beluga, Belobokov dabbar dolfin fizge, da molo Whale kisa Whale, da dai sauransu By da uku -. A iyakacin duniya bear da cewa a Rasha da aka jera a cikin Red littafin. Resources a Barents Sea tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa ban sha'awa domin kama kifi, wato kamawa like. Coast da tafki mai cike da tsuntsu mazauna, wato, manyan mulkin mallaka nesting. Ga za ka iya samun shayi, kittiwake, guillemot da kuma baki guillemot.

Kare Mahalli

Barents Sea albarkatun da kuma matsalolin muhalli suna quite haɗa dangi, tun wuce kima adam baki a cikin yanayi ko da yaushe kai ga m sakamakon. Muhalli yi imani da wannan wuri ne na musamman, domin irin wannan sarari teku a kusa da Turai fiye da bã ku sãmun. Amma har yanzu akwai quite wani babban matsala - farautar. Overfishing take kaiwa zuwa bacewar jinsin da kuma tashin hankali na duniya balance. Norway da kuma Rasha sun sharply kashe wani take hakkin da dokokin da cewa da ake samu sakamakon. Wani daga cikin Barents Sea ne mai arziki na man fetur da iskar gas. Kuma kada ku riƙi amfani da wannan mutane iya ba. Saboda haka, quite sau da yawa akwai watsi da "black zinariya" a cikin ruwa da talakawa, waxanda suke da matukar detrimental sakamako a kan dukan dabbobi.

Har ila yau, musamman ne wuri mai faɗi da teku. Saboda haka, International bada tallafi ga halittu yi gargadin cewa 'yar alamar kuskure a lokacin da samar ko kai na burbushin habaka iya kai wa ga muhalli bala'i. Idan akwai irin matsala, ko da shekaru 30 da wuya aiki ba zai yiwu gaba daya ya kawar da duk sakamakon. Bayan duk, halin da ake ciki da aka ninkawa da cewa low yanayin zafi ba da damar kwayoyin ninka, wanda ke nufin cewa halitta tsaftacewa inji kawai ba ya aiki. Wannan shi ne wani abu daraja tunanin game.

Saboda haka, a cikin Barents Sea - na musamman da ruwa jiki, wanda ya kamata a kare. Wannan wuri ne mai arziki a cikin kifi da albarkatun kasa, kazalika da sauran albarkatun kasa, wanda ya ba shi ko da mafi muhimmanci.