Jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria". A mutuwa na jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria"

A tarihin na sojan ruwa sojojin duniya tana cike da asirai. Irin wannan hadaddun inji kamar jirgin, cike da kayan aiki, da makamai da kuma motocin, m handling da zai iya kai ga asarar da jirgin ruwa. Amma wannan har yanzu ba bayyana kome. Bala'i sau da yawa haka na wucewa kuma sikelin cewa gaya duk yanayin da take ciki, babu wani daya. A tarkacen mai hauhawar Twisted karfe, yawanci kwance a kasa, don haka gudanar da bincike da kuma bayani na dalilai ne musamman wuya. Saboda haka shi yana tare da "Fuso" Japanese jirãge, "Congo," "Mutsu", "Yamato", American dreadnoughts "Arizona", da Italiyanci jirgin ruwa na soja "Roma" Soviet "Marat", English "Barham" da "Hood". A postwar lokaci martyrology ya kara da cewa "Novorossiysk". A mutuwa na jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" a watan Oktoba, 1916 zai iya da kyau da ake danganta su da wuya a bayyana tarihin asali.

Series mafi kyau battleships

Sabanin rare ra'ayi, asalin wanda aka bayyana da takamaiman m na Soviet na jam'iyyar shugabannin m pre-neman sauyi tarihi, da Rasha, Empire ya ba da baya da baya kasar. A wuyan mu masana kimiyya har abada a cikin taskar duniya kimiyya. Rasha lantarki injiniyoyi sun ɓullo da na duniya ta farko uku-lokaci da samar da lantarki tsarin, ƙirƙira da shigar da mota da kuma wani haɗi mara waya. Duk wadannan nasarori da aka yi amfani a cikin zane na sabuwar jiragen ruwa na mallaka Navy, kaddamar a cikin samarwa a 1911. Akwai uku: cikin jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" zama na farko da na su. "Empress Ekaterina Velikaya" da kuma "The Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III na" in general maimaita masa kayayyaki, ko da yake, kamar yadda shi ne sau da yawa yanayin, shan la'akari da gina faruwa a lokacin da masana'antu tsari na sabon ideas. A cikin bazara na shekara ta 1914 da shugaban naúrar da aka kaddamar. Haka ya faru a wani zarafi lokacin. Yakin duniya na II, wanda ya fara da alama kwatsam Shots tsawa a Sarajevo, kamar mamaki zahiri da aka ba. Battleships rubuta "Empress Maria" ma masu hada kai da balance mulki a kan zargin da ake yi Maritime gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ayyukan soji. Rasha sojojin ruwa Tsushima warkar da raunuka.

Porphyry sunan

Series jirãge samu sunayen sarauta personages na Rasha State. Sha'awa, da kawai jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" Black Sea rundunar motoci da aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa a rai, Barka da a lokacin da Alexander III da na gwauruwa, nee Danish Princess Louise Sophia Frederika Dagmar, ya zama na ainihi Rasha Bakan'ane, ta hanyar, duk da ya kasashen waje asali. Duk da haka, wannan ya riga ya faru, shi ne isa ya tuna Catherine mai girma, sunansa samu wani jirgin ruwa na soja da irin. Ba tare da wani shakka, wannan mace ya cancanci wannan daraja, baicin, ta kasance uwar Nicholas II. Its rawa a Rasha tarihin da yake da girma, da kuma ƙarfin hali, tausayi da adalcin rayuwa nasarar gasa da waje kyakkyawa.

Maria Feodorovna da rabo ne mai ban tausayi, ta mutu a ta gida a Denmark (1928), a lokaci guda kasancewa a cikin zaman gudun hijira da kuma personifying shi da rabo daga cikin Rasha, wanda yana da damar ci da m burodi na dan hanya ƙasar, "da barin wani crusts." Kuma kafin ta rasa ta masoyi da kuma kusa da mutane: 'ya'ya biyu maza,' yar, hudu granddaughters da kuma wani jikan.

Features na jirgin

Jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" ya jirgin madaidaci ƙwarai. Yana da aka samun saurin bunkasuwar gudun kusan 24 kullin (40 km / h) loading dubu biyu. T ci da 600 ton na man fetur da man fetur yana da cin gashin a kwana takwas, da tawagar kunshi 1260 matuƙan da sanda. Ikon shuka - inji mai farfela type, shi kunshi biyu inji zuwa 10 000 lita. wani.

Battleships - musamman irin na sojan ruwa da kayan aiki, suna da wani babban matakin da manyan bindigogi da makamai. Hudu turrets aka sanye take da uku 12-inch bindigogi (sanya shahara Obukhov factory) kowane. Bugu da kari ga babban baturi, shi ya gabatar da karin, a cikin adadin 32 guda. Wadannan bindigogi da ma'anoni dabam-dabam, daga cikinsu akwai anti-jirgin sama, wanda ya nuna ikon da Rasha injiniyoyi zaton a fuskar da kuma la'akari da barazanar da wani iska hari. Akwai wani zane alama da ke bambanta da jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria". Zane superstructures aka sanya tambayarku wani karuwa a cikin bangaren na wuta, don haka da ikon da volley kadan dogara a kan kwana na da manufa dangi da kudi.

Jimloli torpedo shambura located kasa da waterline, shi ne wata sauyi nasara a lokacin. Tinea jiki makamai Layer kauri daga 250 mm, kuma an kiyaye shi ta cikin bene. Musamman kalmomi cancanci da lantarki wadata tsarin na jirgin. Jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" energizes da shida da kungiyar Dynamos (yau aka kira su janareto). All nauyi kayan juyawa lantarki motor, musamman, a kan kowane manyan bindigogi hasumiyar sun 22 guda.

Wannan jirgin zai yi fama da ayyuka ko a zamaninmu.

Yadda ya yi yaƙi jirgin ruwa na soja

A cikin kaka na 1915 da tsanani da teku fadace-fadace a cikin Black Sea peaked. Turkey, wani na hannun daman Austria-Hungary, ya nuna yankin aiki, ba kasa mafadaci yi girman Jamus submarine jiragen ruwa. A mayar da martani, da tekun Black Sea jiragen ruwa a karkashin manyan bindigogi bombardment na tashoshin jiragen ruwa na arewacin tekun na Ottoman - Eregli, Kilimli, Zunguldak da awaki. A cikin flagship jirgin ruwa na soja, "Maryamu", gudanar Sojan Ruwa Ayyuka Admiral Kolchak. A lissafi na tawagar kamar yadda more kuma mafi maƙiyi jiragen ruwa sunk. Jamus jirgin ruwa na soja "Breslau" ga ceto da Baturke rundunar motoci a watan Fabrairu, bai iya yin aikin da kawai m tafi daga Rasha jirgin ruwa na soja, samu mahara raunin. Ga cikakken shekara 1916, wani Jamus barawon, "Gabin", kawai uku ventured zuwa Black Sea tasa na Bosphorus mashigar, amma ba don tsawo da kuma unsuccessfully. Daga karshe tafiya zuwa bay na Sevastopol jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" koma 6 Oktoba 1916.

Wadanda suka tsira da rayukansu

Ba kamar sauran Maritime bala'i, gudanar ya tsira a cikin mafi daga cikin tawagar. Na 1260 ma'aikatan jirgin ya mutu nan da nan bisa ga daban-daban kafofin daga 152 zuwa 216 mutane. Yawan rauni da kuma kone jeri daga wani mutum ɗari zuwa 232 mutane. Duk da samar da gaggawa magani daga likita, ya mutu a asibiti ko da ɗari da hamsin matuƙan. Saboda haka, asarar da jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" ya jawo rasuwar mutum ɗari uku da hamsin mutane (matsakaicin ci), wakiltar kamar 28% na dukan tawagar. Wadanda zai iya zama fiye da, amma, an yi sa'a, kusan duk matuƙan, wanda aka ba ɗauke Watchkeeping, ya halarci salla sabis faruwa a kan aft bene. Kamar yadda suka ce, Allah ya ajiye.

mashaidi

Wannan ya faru a kan jirgin ruwa na soja a farkon safe na Oktoba 7 tsira gaya da ƙungiya. A wata hanya, mai shaida za a iya kira duk Sevastopol, tada wani mummunan hadarin. Mutane bazata gani dukan hoto na bala'i daga bakin gaci da sauran jiragen ruwa na Black Sea rundunar motoci, jayayya cewa tashin bam na farko ya busa kashe wuraren da foremast, gaban bututu da kuma conning hasumiya. Amma babban dalilin da gwagwarmayar rayuwa ya ɓãci, ya halakar da jiki, bayyana a keta hukumar kasa da waterline, sa'an nan teku ruwa fara gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu a cikin compartments. The wuta, A halin yanzu, ci gaba. A cikin minti, da jirgin ya isa kwamandan Black Sea jiragen ruwa , Admiral Kolchak, to duba ceto aiki, kashe gobara isa, da jirage da kuma tugs, amma ya gagara yin wani abu. Kasa da sa'a guda daga baya ya tashi da harsasai a cikin cellar na hanci turret, aka ji da dama da fashewar abubuwa, da jirgin ruwa na soja samu wani mummunan buoyancy, capsizing birgima a kan ya kuma nutse.

damage iko

Matuƙan a ko'ina cikin bala'i aiki a karkashin Yarjejeniya da kuma cika da nauyin da yadda ya umarce shi zaban ma'aikata. A 7:20 na hudu casemate matuƙan da suke a kan wajibi lura da wani bakon yi fito emanating daga bãyan shãmaki cellar makwabtaka hanci hasumiya. Suna nan da nan ya ruwaito your duba game da abin da ke faruwa, lokaci zuwa mirgine fitar da wuta hoses da ruwa ake kawota. Sai da na ɗauki biyu kawai minti. Bayan wani canji na kula da maza a wannan lokacin wanke kafin hutu, duk suka kone Jahĩm tsãwa. Da samar da lantarki da aka lalace, da fitilu fita. Fashewar ci gaba (akwai rocked 25), ya tashi da bawo 130 mm zamo. A halin yanzu, a kan umarni na wani babban jami'in inji m Ensign Ignatiev kokarin fara da wuta famfo. Ya ba su yi nasara ba, da jarumi ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa da aka kashe. A yunkurin ambaliya cellars na biyu baka hasumiyar don ƙirƙirar ruwa shãmaki ma ya m, shi ne kawai bai isa lokaci. Farga da cewa ba duk tsira, bosses ya bada umurni a bar masu jirgin, yayin da su da kansu suka mutu, kokarin yi ya bi. Bayan da dagawa na jirgin da aka samu da kuma interred ragowar na heroes ...

Version gida: hatsari

Mutane sukan nemi alamu a kusa da inexplicable. The m yanayi, da mafi wuya da kuma rudani suka yawanci bi. Saboda haka, hukuma ce ta Hukumar Binciken cewa fashewa a kan flagship na Black Sea jiragen ruwa da ya faru a kan filaye da kai-ƙonewa na vapors na da muhimmanci foda, da yawa sparked cizon yatsa. Duk da haka, mafi m, shi ne. Bawo dogon lokaci tare da hula ne a cikin ganga, musamman a lokacin da jirgin ruwa na soja da aka nemi "Gabin" kuma wannan zai iya fararwa da wani harin. Amma akwai wani version, bisa ga abin da m mutuwa na jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria" bai faruwa kwatsam.

Jamus 'yan leƙen asirin

A ni'imar "ɓarna da gangan" cikin jarrabawa kuma ce wasu daga cikin yanayi. A cikin jirgin da aka yi gyare-gyare, Access Control kasance mai rauni, da kuma cewa zai saka tasha to Scout mikrovzryvatel cellar, kama da abin da aka samu a cikin Italian Dreadnought "Leonardo Vinci" a lokacin rani na 1915? Haka kuma, da yawa hatches aka ba kulle. Wata hujja ce da farko duba su yi rahõto ɓarna da gangan: cikin shekara ta 1933 da NKVD aka neutralized ikon zama Jamus m jagorancin daya Werman. Bisa ga fursuna, ya aka dauka kafin juyin juya halin. Kuma ban sha'awa a cikin nasarorin da Rasha soja lantarki, ciki har da makircinsu "Empress Maria". Da hankali ga wannan a lokacin da jami'an tsaro ba su bai wa. Shi ne Wehrmann leken asiri, ba su sani ba idan mutane suna shigar da wani abu.

A jirgin da aka yanka don ya da a 1926. Akwai kawai da tunawa da abin da ya da jirgin ruwa na soja "Empress Maria". Model shi ne a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya Nakhimov sojan ruwa kwamandan a mahaifarsa - a cikin Smolensk yankin. Wani basira kashe layout - a kan wani babban sikelin - qawatawa daukan hotuna Nikolaev Museum of Shipbuilding da rundunar jiragen tarihi.