Mene ne diamita Mars kuma yadda shi da dangantaka da diamita na Duniya? Diamita, nauyi da kuma bayanin Mars

Mars ne na huɗu duniya na hasken rana tsarin - fage na da yawa dama labaru. Marubuta da kuma gudanarwa sukan sanya nan ta Extraterrestrial wayewa, maƙiya ko sada mana. Research, duk da haka, ya nuna cewa irin wannan sosai raya rai a duniyar Mars ne shakka ba. Wannan ba ya nufin cewa Red Planet - wani wuri maras ban sha'awa da kuma uninteresting. A akasin wannan, masana kimiyya da dama a cikin raina aka kwashe a nan, kokarin koyi da asirin da kuma bayyana fasali na hudu duniya. Sigogi kamar diamita daga Mars, ta taro, hanzari na free fall, da farko da na biyu cosmic gudun a duniya da kuma a kan haka, a hankali tattara, da kuma bincikar duk lokacin da nazari tsawon mu makwabcin. Masana gare shi a matsayin kusa.

Features kewayewa

Mars - wani bayanin da duniya, watakila, shi ne ya fara tare da wannan - a kan mataki na karkara daga rana ya zama kawai a hayin Duniya. Its madawwama biyu yana da tsawon kusan biliyan 1.5 kilomita kuma, kamar mafi yawan taurari ne ellipse. Yammacin madawwama biyu na Mars ne babban asteroid bel.

Daya juyin juya halin duniya da Red Planet daukan yawa fiye da lokacin da fiye da Earth - 687 days. A talakawan nesa ga rãnã Mars - kamar 228 da miliyan kilomita. Don kwatanta, wannan nuna alama ga Duniya - 149 500 000 km.

kama

Akwai kuma irin wannan a cikin dabi'u na sigogi da cewa faye hali Duniya da kuma Mars. Description na duniya ko da yaushe ya ƙunshi bayani game da lokacin da juyawa a kusa da axis. Kamar yadda muka sani, a duniya, shi ne game da 24 hours. Idan da siffa ne ba yawa daban-daban da Red Planet - 24 hours 37 minutes 22,7 seconds. Saboda wannan m juyawa da makwabciyarmu yana da dama mĩƙe ta samar da sandunan. A sakamakon haka, da diamita a ekweita na Mars ne ɗan daban-daban daga cikin wannan adadi ga sandunan. Duk da haka, wannan alama ne ma halayyar da Duniya. A diamita Mars a kilomita a ekweita kai 6739.8. Wannan wakiltar kamar 53% na irin wannan siga na duniya. A diamita Mars, idan kun yi awo da shi a yankin na sandunan, zai kasance kasa da 42 km. Wannan siga ne a cikin wannan rabo tare da duniya kamar yadda baya daya.

A axis na Red Planet yana da wani fairly manyan kwana na son zuwa jirgin sama na sarari suKe (24 ° 56 '), wanda ya samar da wani takwara a Mars tare da Earth - gaban yanayi. Duk da haka, saboda wasu halaye na duniya da bambance-bambance tsakanin rani da kuma hunturu ne sosai sharper.

Wasu sauran jiki sigogi

A general, babban halaye na Duniya dubi mafi ban sha'awa fiye da Mars. Planet taro ne 6,4185 × 10 ²³ kg - shi ne kawai 0.107 daga cikin wannan siga na duniya.

Da yawa daga cikin abu constituting Mars, - 6,4185 × 10 ²³ kg. The girma na gravitational hanzari - 3.7 m / c ^2. Da zazzabi yanayi a kan ja duniyar tamu yawa daban-daban daga Earth. A ekweita, da iska a lokacin rani a lokacin da rana za a iya dumama zuwa + 30º, da kuma hunturu dare sanyi ga -80º. A cikin yankin na iyakacin duniya da zazzabi wani lokacin saukad da zuwa -143º.

surface

A duniyar Mars, photos na wanda isar da kusan dukan cell phones, wanda ba shakka gudanar da Red Planet, halin da m ban sha'awa fasali na surface taimako. Ga za ka iya samun wata babbar yawan craters da burbushi na zamanin da ta gudana a cikin yanayi da ruwa aiki.

Babban siffa daga cikin surface - ta rabo a cikin biyu zones. A kudancin yammancin duniya yayi kama da Lunar wuri mai faɗi. A general, da farfajiya an tashe da daya ko biyu kilomita sama da talakawan matakin. A arewacin duniya, a maimakon haka, shi ne a kasa talakawan. Sa'an nan a kananan yawan craters, babban ɓangare na sarari shagaltar da wata fiye ko žasa m filayen, mai yiwuwa kafa ta yashewa da kuma ambaliya lawa. Mara daidai fadi da kuma iyakar raba biyu zones, da aka gudanar a babban da'irar, da karkata daga game 30º zuwa ekweita. Dalilin wannan rabo surface masana kimiyya har yanzu m.

tsarin

Mars duniya a cikin hasken rana tsarin shi ne wani ɓangare na wannan kungiya na sarari abubuwa, a matsayin Duniya. Wannan ake kira terrestrial taurari. Suna halin m tsarin, sabanin da gas Refayawa, a cikin abin da tsarin da aka mamaye da gaseous abubuwa. Jagoran tsakanin sauran abubuwa a cikin silicon daukan Mars (21%), biye da baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, alli, da aluminum (12.7, 5, 4 da kuma 3%, bi da bi). Bugu da ƙari kuma, a kan Mars isasshe high a kwatanta da ƙasa matakin na sulfur - 3.1% na jimlar abun da ke ciki.

A duniyar Mars, wanda shi ne wuya ya gauraye hoto tare da hotuna na wasu abubuwa, da aka sanar da m ya dafa surface. Irin wannan sakamako da aka bayar da kuma hydrates na baƙin ƙarfe oxides cewa yin up duniya gona tare da silicates constituting ta substrate.

a zura sandunan,

A iyakacin duniya iyakoki na Red Planet da kauri da kusan hudu kilomita. Sun kunshi wani ruwa kankara da carbon dioxide. Karshe a low yanayin zafi rinjaye a can, shi condenses daga yanayi. A cikin yankin na kudancin iyakacin duniya hula geysers aka gano, wakiltar wani cakuda na carbon dioxide da kura da kuma kankara da aka fitad da wani babba tsawo sama da surface.

Iyakacin duniya kankara iyakoki fara ya narke a cikin bazara. A sakamakon haka, markedly qara yanayi matsa lamba da kuma akwai sosai tsananin iska, gudanarwa da motsi na da ban sha'awa nauyi da girma na gas a gaban yammancin duniya. Bugun haka wani lokacin kai 100 m / s.

Wadannan ƙungiyoyi da kuma yi wa kura hadari, wanda suke halayyar alama na duniya. Dust hadari ana yin wani gagarumin taimako ga samuwar yanayin Mars: rinjayar zazzabi canji, gubar zuwa ƙasa yashewa.

burbushi na ruwa

Daya daga cikin karfafawar cewa kai mutane su gano m sarari - shi ne sha'awar samun, idan ba ci gaban rayuwa, sa'an nan a kalla yanayin dace da ya faru. Mars ya dade da aka daukarsa a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyau 'yan takara domin wannan rawa. Tara zuwa ranar, shaidar da shawara cewa, da Red Planet ya zarar lokaci mai tsawo zai iya zama daya daga cikin muhimman yanayi na zargin rayuwa - ruwa a cikin wani ruwa jihar. A Mars gano yashewa reminiscent daga cikin halaye ruwa. Pictures of surface na canjawa wuri tasar sun sa masana kimiyya a ga ko da zargin da ake yi busasshiyar kogin koguna. Bugu da ƙari kuma, na'urorin samu a Mars ma'adanai samar da wata tabbatacce zafin jiki wanda suke da muhimmanci kuma mai ruwa-ruwa alkaline matsakaici. Duk da haka, tabbatacce karshe game da ruwa da na Mars, masana kimiyya sun yi ba tukuna.

yanayi

The ruwa tururi ba a cikin iska harsashi na duniya, amma a kananan yawa - 0.1%. A yafi (95%) na duniya ta yanayi kunshi carbon dioxide, nitrogen kuma shi ne halin yanzu (2.7%), argon (1.6%), kuma oxygen (0.13%). A wani yanayi na methane da kuma nauyi da aka samu inert gas a low taro fiye da na sama abubuwa.

Methane ne daya daga cikin asirai na Mars. Wannan abu ne bazu zuwa hasken rana da kuma ta jari a cikin yanayi, har ma a irin wannan kananan yawa na bukatar akai tushen ƙari. Don kwanan wata, akwai biyu main dan takarar wannan rawa, gas hydrates suna tsanani da ciki mai zafi, da kuma Martian kwayoyin suna zaton ya zama a cikin zurfi yadudduka na lithosphere.

records

Duk da cewa da diamita daga Mars (a cikin kilomita), da nauyi da kuma sauran sigogi na amfanin ƙasa na duniya, akwai kuma abubuwa na ban sha'awa girma. Cif daga gare su - shi ne volcanoes kuma duwãtsu. A sararin volcanic bayyana Tarsis ne dake arewacin yammancin duniya na duniya da kuma kara for biyu kilomita dubu. Ga suna located da volcanoes kamar Arsiya, Pavonis da Askreus. Kusa da su, a gefen Tarsis, kuma shi ne babban "janye" na Red Planet - Dutsen Olympus. Ya kai wani tsawo na 27 km, an dauke mafi girma a cikin dukan hasken rana tsarin. Diamita Olympus shagaltar surface yankin ne 550 km.

Tarsis a cikin ƙasa za a iya samu laifinsu. The most of wadannan ne ake kira kwarin Mariner 4,5 kilomita dubu a tsawon da 600 km a fadin tare da zurfin har zuwa 10 km. A kan gangara kwarin sau da yawa da mafi m, a cikin Solar System landslides.

Magnetic filin

Idan diamita na duniya Mars, da kuma sauran lamba da halaye suna daidai aka sani, kuma ba a tambaye su, wasu sigogi sa da yawa tambayoyi daga masana kimiyya. Daga gare su, da Magnetic filin na duniya. A gaskiya ma shi ba ya wanzu: babu wani abu don kare Mars daga daukan hotuna zuwa ga hasken rana. Duk da haka, gudanar da bincike kumbon sama jannati sun nuna cewa duniya na da zone da isasshe da karfi Magnetic filin. Akwai ka'idar cewa Mars game da biliyan 4 da suka wuce, mahaukaci mai iko kariya daga rana, kama ga Duniya ta, amma sai rasa shi.

Kafaffen filayen ne sharan tare da alternating polarity tube, yana tsawaita daga yamma zuwa gabas. Nisa daga sama zuwa dubban kilomita. Irin wannan gida Magnetic filin - wuyar warwarewa domin bincike. An ba da share ko dai su asalin ko hanyar wannan polarity.

A diamita Mars, duk da haka, kuma wasu lokaci da suka wuce ya kasance wani asiri ga mutane. Nazarin na Red Planet da kuma ci gaba da samun zurfi saboda aikin injiniya kyau da kuma sabon ilmi a fagen astrophysics. Kuma haka akwai kowane dalili ya yi imani da cewa asirin Mars, ko ta wani hanya za a bayyana da kuma bayyana a cikin ba ma m nan gaba.