Mene ne luminol? Yadda yi luminol a gida

Wasu abubuwa, da shan kashi a sinadaran halayen, suna da ikon fitarwa na maniyyi haske. Kowane mai son sunadarai da zarar kerarre da glowing ruwa. Wannan labarin da za a tattauna da cewa shi ne luminol, yadda za ka dafa a gida.

Mene ne chemiluminescence?

Mutane da yawa a cikin halayen sunadarai faruwa tare da saki da makamashi. A mafi gwaje-gwajen, da samar da makamashi da aka saki a matsayin zafi. A dauki na Alkali kuma acid mafita da aka kona. Akwai lokuta inda makamashi iya bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i na lantarki (gwaje-gwajen da electrochemical Kwayoyin). A konewa makamashi na reactants yana tuba zuwa zafi da haske.

Amma akwai a cikin halayen wanda haske watsi ya auku, amma babu karuwa a yawan zafin jiki. Wannan sabon abu ne da ake kira chemiluminescence. A mafi kauce misali - sanyi phosphorus haske. Ya kamata a lura cewa, a mafi yawan sinadaran halayen saki "sanyi haske" oxidized gudanar da mahadi. Oxidants yawanci aiki oxygen ko hydrogen peroxide.

A yanayi, akwai mutane da yawa da abubuwa da za su iya emit haske. Amma mafi yawan haske samu ne sosai rauni, kuma za a iya gano kawai da musamman kayan aiki.

Don da haske da kuma kyau chemiluminescence iya wani aramin rukuni na kwayoyin da inorganic mahadi. A Misalan wadannan kayan: luminol, siloxy, lofin, kuma lyutsegenin difeniloksalat.

Mene ne luminol?

Luminol aka hada a Jamus a 1902, amma ya real name shi ne daga baya. Yana da wani fari crystal ko hasken rawaya a launi, readily mai narkewa a cikin iyakacin duniya kwayoyin kaushi. A cikin ruwa, luminol ne gaba daya insoluble.

Wannan kwayoyin halitta ne iya sakewa haske a lokacin da a hade tare da hydrogen peroxide ko wasu oxidants. A tsaka tsaki da kuma dan kadan acidic taya, a karkashin UV haske, shi fluoresces haske-blue haske. A alkaline mafita (hydrogen peroxide), inda dauki Saide a gaban catalysts - wani phosphorus fili, karfe salts na hemin da haemoglobin - luminescence samu karin cikakken da kuma haske.

A tsari kunshi biyu, saukarwa. Acid da aka kona tare da hydrazine a Organic sauran ƙarfi da wani babban tafasar batu (3-ethylene glycol). A sandaro na heterocyclic tsarin da aka samu 5-nitroftalilgidrazida. Wannan fili an rage yin amfani da ammonium sulphide, inda da kafa da kuma luminol. A hannun shi za a iya shirya a dakin gwaje-gwaje kira na 3-nitro-phthalic acid.

Ina amfani da luminol

The abu a tambaya ne na ƙwarai reacts tare da baƙin ƙarfe, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na haemoglobin. Saboda haka, an yadu a yi amfani da na bincike masana a cikin ganewa na jini burbushi da kuma yatsansa bar a scene. Luminol aka yi amfani da masana kimiyya a lokacin daban-daban nazarin halittu bincike domin ganewa na baƙin ƙarfe, da tagulla, da cyanide.

Ina saya luminol bayani

luminol kudin ne quite high. Yana yiwuwa a dubi sinadaran forums, musamman sansanonin ko a Pharmacy. Idan ba ka san inda ka dauki luminol, za ka iya saya a cikin "Galavit" kantin magani, wanda shi ne samuwa a Allunan, capsules da suppositories. A hannu ya ƙunshi 25 MG na sodium gishiri na luminol. Don 50 ml na wani 1% bayani dole 20 Allunan (shiryawa). A Allunan ƙasa a cikin foda sa'an nan ruwa da aka kara wa shi.

A luminous ruwa hydrogen peroxide

Akwai girke-girke na glowing ruwa improvised. Amma ga bayani mafi kyau amfani luminol, saboda shi ya ba mai santsi da kuma taushi bluish haske. Kafin ka fara, tabbatar da kare fallasa wuraren m nama na jiki, da kuma a kan hannayensu, sa safar hannu.

Yi luminol a gida a cikin gargajiya (na farko) girke-girke:

• Luminol - 2-3 grams.
• Ruwa - 0.1 lita.
• A bayani na hydrogen peroxide (3%) - 0,08 lita.
• Caustic soda - 0.01 lita.
• Bluestone - 3 grams.
• Dyes (rubles, m kore ko wani).
• Glassware (flasks ko kwalba).

Shiri:

• Zuba a cikin wani gilashi ganga da kuma kara ruwa luminol. Sosai Mix da lu'ulu'u ne a cikin ruwa, don haka abin da suka kara da shi narkar.
• Don sakamakon bayani da aka kara hydrogen peroxide.
• A sakamakon abun da ke ciki kara jan sulphate. Sulfate za a iya maye gurbinsu da ferric chloride ko gishiri jini.
• A mafi yawan 'yan abun da ke ciki don hašawa caustic soda.
• A cikin dakin kashe haske. A sakamakon abun da ke ciki ya kamata emit mai haske blue haske. Idan wani launi daban-daban, sa'an nan ƙara zuwa cikin bayani da ya dace kyalli fenti.

Na biyu zaži:

• luminol bayani (3%) - 5 ml.
• Gidroperit (3%) - 10 ml.
• Laundry abu don wanka da ruwa - 20 ml.
• potassium permanganate.
• Duk wani gilashi kwalba ko tukunya.

Akayi na aikin:

• A ganga zuba luminol mafita, abu don wanka foda da hydrogen peroxide.
• M rub da 'yan lu'ulu'u ne na potassium permanganate da kuma ƙara da shi zuwa jimlar abun da ke ciki.
• Don ganin abin da luminol da kuma yadda shi zai bayyana da kaddarorin, kashe haske a cikin dakin. The ruwa zai emit haske mai kyan gani. Idan bayani ne lokaci-lokaci zuga, da kyalkyali kumfa bayyana a kan surface daga gare ta.

Shiri na bayani da dimethyl sulfoxide

More ban sha'awa embodiment zai luminol hadawan abu da iskar shaka da na yanayi oxygen a Dimexidum matsakaici. Luminescence auku a ke dubawa na iska da kuma ruwa gurbatawa sashe.

muna bukatar shirya da abun da ke ciki:

• Luminol - 0,15 grams.
• Dimexidum (DMSO) - 30 ml.
• Dry lye - 35 grams.
• Duk wani mai kyalli fenti.
• High glassware.

saukarwa:

• Sosai gauraye a wani flask dimexide, luminol da Alkali.
• A jirgin ruwa da aka shãfe haske tam da murfi.
• A cikin dakin kashe haske.
• The flask aka ɗauka da sauƙi girgiza su sami wani bluish haske. Don canja launi don ƙara wani mai kyalli fenti.
• Idan haske ya rasa hantsinta, yana yiwuwa ya bude ganga. A m na iska a cikin flask da mafita sake zama mai haske da kuma cikakken.

Cooking Tips

Mutane da yawa Alkali a cikin bayani da aka ba da shawarar don ƙara, saboda yana da wuya a soke, kuma ya jũya da ruwa zuwa wani lokacin farin ciki porridge. A dakatar da luminol Dimexidum kuma Alkali za a iya adana na dogon lokaci. A lokacin da ƙara wani oxidant haske zai zama uniform. Its tsawon dogara da yawan da gidroperita luminol kuma zai iya kai minti 40. Amma daga wani overabundance na luminol haske da ake zama weaker.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa luminescence haske da duration zai ma ya dogara ne a kan maida hankali luminol. Sosai diluted mafita ba mai rauni amma dogon haske. A manyan taro na kasa Forms karfi kwarjinin dukan bayani. Haske da launi zai iya Range daga blue zuwa kore. A aukaka formulations dauke da mafi taro na jini salts samu kore haske.

Shin yana yiwuwa a maye gurbin luminol?

Akwai yanayi a lokacin da shi wajibi ne don shirya luminous ruwa ba tare da luminol. Don yin wannan, kai boric acid da kuma 'yan saukad da fluorescein. Wadannan abubuwa da ake bukata don Mix da kuma zafi da farantin karfe. Liquid zai haske a cikin duhu for game da minti daya.

Don gane da abin da yake luminol, mafi kokarin samun shi da kanka. Kamar yadda maganar ke, mafi ganin da zarar fiye da ji sau ɗari. Amma kar ka manta da cewa duk wani gwaje-gwajen da ya unsa hulda da lalatattu kuma abubuwa masu cutarwa. Saboda haka shi wajibi ne don tsayar ranmu.