Mene ne Reconquista? Reconquista: Sanadin kuma Sakamako

Mene ne Reconquista? Wannan kalma tana nufin wani dogon Kirista reconquest na yankuna a cikin Yaren Kasar Larabawa, kama Musulmi Moors. The kalmar "Reconquista" ne mai sauqi qwarai, ajalin da kanta ne aka fassara daga Spanish matsayin reconquest.

Reconquista: Sanadin

Reconquista fara nan da nan bayan da ya lashe Pyrenees Larabawa kabilu (na farko rabin karni 8), da kuma tafiya tare da sãɓãwar launukansa digiri na nasara. Mulkin gargajiya jayayya tsokani Kirista wadanada a yaki da juna da kuma su vassals, kazalika da shiga cikin wucin gadi ƙawance da Musulunci nasara.

A lokacin Jihadi, a yaki da Musulmi Moors ya kama da gwagwarmaya domin dukan Kristanci a cikin general. Order na Knights (Knights Templar da dai sauransu ..) tun asali halitta don su yi yaƙi da Moors, da kuma Popes kira da Knights na Turai don yin yaki domin 'yantar da Yaren Kasar Larabawa.

A farkon Reconquista

Bayan da ci da Moors mafi yawan Pyrenees, mafi Visigoth aristocrats ya zaɓi ya zama a cikin nasara asashe. Kamar yadda wani misali da 'ya'ya maza Wittiza m. Sun samu daga Arab hukumomi a cikin sirri dukiya daga m ƙasar Visigoth kambi. Duk da haka, da aminci daga cikin sojojin na Visigoths, wani gagarumin ɓangare na aristocracy da kuma limaman, ba amince da su kasance a cikin shagaltar da ƙasa, suka tattara a asturias. Akwai su baya kafa a karkashin eponymous mulkin. Summer 718 th iko Visigoth Pelayo (watakila wani tsohon shugaban matsaransa sarki Roderiha), wanda aka yi garkuwa da shi a birnin Cordoba, koma zuwa asturias, kuma an zabe sarki na farko na sabuwar halitta Kingdom. A zaben da ya faru a Golf Wagon. Bayan samun labarai na tarurruka a kan Golf Wagon Vicar Munusa ya aiko da wannan sakon ga Sarkin Andalusia.

Duk da haka, kawai a 722 a asturias isa detachment karkashin jagorancin Alcamo. Tare da punitive kuma ya bishop na Seville Opp. Ya aka kamata ya tsokane Paley ze Alcamo, motsi Lukus Asturum. Daga wannan wuri Larabawa karya a cikin kwarin Covadonga, sunã nẽman Kiristoci. Amma a kwarin Alcamo naúrar aka kwanton bauna da kadawa. shugaba kansa da aka kashe.

Lokacin da labarin mutuwar kai Alcamo detachment Munusy Berber Gwamnan, ya bar birnin Gijon da jam'iyyar koma zuwa ga Pelayo. Yaƙin ya faru a kusa da kauyen na Olalla. Munusy dakarun aka gaba daya hallaka, kuma an kashe shi. Da yake amsa tambayoyi game da abin da Reconquista, abin da suke da dalilai, ba shi yiwuwa ba a ambaci wannan taron, domin shi ne ya farkon da shi.

Ilimi Pyrenean jihohi

Bayan nasara farko na Reconquista asturias a farkon 10th karni. Yana wãtsa sãsanninta, kuma ya kasance Mulkin Leon. A cikin wannan karni, shi ya tsaya daga sauran State - Mulkin Castile. A kadan daga baya suka shiga. A Sabunta-IX ƙarni nuna na nasara kamfen francs taimaka wajen haifar da a arewa-maso-gabas da Pyrenees, da Spanish iri tare da babban birnin kasar a birnin Barcelona. A cikin IX karni. Ta tsaya daga Navarre, da kuma kadan daga baya - kasar na Aragon da Catalonia. A cikin 1137-m, su a haɗe a cikin Mulkin Aragon. A yamma da Pyrenees an halitta County Portuguese, daga baya ya zama ma mulkin.

A halin da ake ciki siyasa a nuna na XII-XIII ƙarni

A wannan lokaci da Kirista iko sun iya lashe Larabawa muhimmin bangare na Pyrenees. Su nasara a kan Khalifanci, wanda aka fi ci gaba a tattalin arziki da sharuddan, za a iya jera bayyana ta da cewa Arab States a farkon 11th karni juya a cikin kusan biyu da dozin takaddama larduna (Emirates). Amma wannan ba babban dalilin da nasara. Kirista kasar a cikin Pyrenees ne ma a rashin daidaito da juna, da kuma jawo a kan gefen Moors. Duk da haka, Kiristoci sun kasance mafi cohesive da karfi a soja sharuddan.

A halin da ake ciki na Krista a karkashin Arab mulki

Domin Larabawa, da Kirista yawan ya zama abu na m amfani. Hasara kasance a matsayi na Semi-bayi. Ko tuba zuwa ga Musulunci da kuma assimilated Arab kwastan Kiristoci aka dauke baya mutane. Harufan haƙuri Moors bace ba tare da wata alama. A hankali shi aka maye gurbinsu da mabiyin tsantseni. Wannan ya sa mutane da yawa Kirista tawayen gurgunta Khalifanci sojojin.

Dalilan da nasarar da Reconquista

Mene ne Reconquista? Wannan tambaya zai iya yanzu za a amsa fiye da cikakken. A na kowa, maƙiyi da azzalumi Kiristoci zangar. Saboda haka Reconquista dauki a kan halin da kwata 'yanci motsi, duk da soja mulkin mallaka da tsare-tsaren na Kirista sarakuna da kiyayya a tsakanin Aragon da Castile, kazalika da mulkin gargajiya iyayengiji tare da juna. A muhimmanci lokacin, Kirista zangar. A peasantry shi ne da tutu da ya lashe wannan yaki. A cikin nasara da yankuna da suka iya samun ba kawai ƙasa, amma kuma 'yanci daga mulkin gargajiya iyayengiji, da ke rubuce a cikin charters da charters (fueros). Saboda haka, Kiristoci sun nuna rashin amincewa da da Moors matsayin dukan. Har ila yau, Spanish, a cikin kwata 'yanci na Pyrenees Moors halarci Turai Knights (yafi Italiyanci da kuma Faransa). Saboda haka, tambaya "Me ne Reconquista," amsar iya zama: na duniya Kirista Liberation Movement. Paparoma ayyana yawa sau da kwato yakin "da giciye".

A ci gaba da Reconquista

A cikin 1085-m Spaniards kutsa Toledo. Wannan nasara da muhimmanci sosai. A lokaci guda ya raunana da internecine yaki da Larabawa ya nemi taimako daga Afirka Berbers. Hada Moorish sojojin sun iya kayar da Spain, cewa lokaci ragae saukar da Reconquista. Ba da da ewa (tsakiyar XII karni) don maye gurbin Arewa Afirka Berbers zo sauran invaders - Morocco Almohads. Duk da haka, da suka kasa gama Emirates Pyrenees. Tambayi duk wani dan Spain abin Reconquista? A definition wannan lokaci da kuma ya sani da haihuwa da matasa. Yana da wani gwagwarmaya na zalunta a kan azzãlumai, daya bangaskiya da wani - yaki shugabanni da kuma al'adu.

Da nasarar da Reconquista

A 1212-m hada sojojin na Navarre, Aragon, Castile da kuma Portugal ci Moors a Las Navas de Tolosa. Bayan wannan shan kashi, Larabawa sun ba su iya warke. A 1236-m Castilians dauki Cordova, a 1248-m - Seville. Aragon ci Balearic Islands. Castilla lashe kan Cadiz a 1262-m da kuma fitar zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic. A 1238-m Valencia fadi. By nuna na XIV karni. Moors mallaki kawai masarautar na Granada - arziki lardin a kudu na Pyrenees. A wannan ƙasa Larabawa dade har 1492

ƙarshe

Sama da aka faɗa wa abin da Reconquista. Kamar yadda tarihi, da reconquest ƙasashe aka tare da kayyade su ga lashe da kuma mulkin mallaka. A Reconquista taka muhimmiyar rawa 'yan ƙasa da kuma kananan Knights. Duk da haka, babban amfanin da yaki sun samu manyan mulkin gargajiya da sarakunanku. Suka halitta a ƙasashe annexed manyan ikon mallakar.