Money pre-Petrine Rasha: tsabar kudin Sikeli

Coins Sikeli samu sunayensu saboda siffar. Su bayyanar reminiscent na kifi ma'auni. A kiyaye har a yau tsabar kudi ake yi, yafi na azurfa, da yawa karami adadin su - daga tagulla. Akwai wani zato cewa akwai zinariya flakes.

Ainihin ranar bayyanar da banknotes a yin amfani da archaeologists da kuma masana tarihi ba za a iya ƙaddara, amma sun bayyana a gaban Tatar-Mongol karkiya. Amma su karshe amfani ne da aka sani - shi ne monetary garambawul na Bitrus I a 1718. Saboda haka, tarihin da Sikeli fiye da shekara dubu. Da farko, ba su da wani takamaiman denomination. Darajar na tsabar kudin Sikeli m da nauyi. Azurfa da alãmarsu, ba shakka, sun kasance mafi tsada da tagulla. Kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa azurfa a lokacin da aka mai daraja ya fi yanzu. A waɗannan kwanaki, domin 1 gram na zinariya aka yarda game da 10 grams na azurfa.

Tsabar kudin samar da Sikeli

Tun da tsabar kudi da aka muhimmanci nauyi, da abun ciki da kuma nau'i na biya quite kadan da hankali. Suka ɗauki wani yanki na waya, yanyanke, wanda aka saka a mota, hatimi. Nau'i na samfurin na'am da elongated, sosai kama kifi ma'auni. Image na hatimi ya aikata ba gaba daya Fit. Bugun da aka kafa da hannu a kan tsabar kudin fadi unevenly, da kuma jawo abinda ke ciki za a iya hukunta ne kawai tare da wasu denezhek daga rai guda Madogararsa. Wannan samar da fasaha sa ba biyu m kayayyakin. Idan da waya da aka yi da azurfa, za ka samu wani tsabar kudin da azurfa flake. Kowane yarima da wani Mint, don haka da dama kayayyakin ne babban. Matsayin mai mulkin, a kan obverse haifa sunan mai mulkin, da kuma baya da aka amfani da wasu image: yanci dabba ko da mahayi da mashi. Duk da cewa Rasha, an riga an yi masa baftisma, maguzawa alamomin a kan tsabar kudi za a iya daukan.

A monetary garambawul Elena Glinsky

An yi imani da cewa da cikakken tsabar kudin flakes dole ne wani nauyi na 1 gram. Amma a lokacin da wanzuwar wadannan denezhek su nauyi kullum rage. Daga baya tsabar kudi auna kawai rabin gram. Ka lura da cewa a farkon na XVI karni a rayuwar yau da kullum a Rasha ya sosai m iri-iri banki rubutu. Kuma suka yi masa kaciya duk lokacin da aka sauya. Business kulla da aka sanya da wahala. Akwai bukatar gyara saboda da halittar wani hadade monetary tsarin da ke jihar. Ta ya ku dõmin ku ciyar Elena Glinsky - bazawara na Vasily III. Tsohon kudi da aka dakatar, sabon daya za a iya buga kawai a Mint na sarki. Yana gabatar da wani sabon sunan - da dinari, amma a general, da tsabar kudi zai riƙe guda samar da fasaha da kuma bayyanar. A mutane su ne har yanzu kira ma'auni. Kawai yanzu dangane da sunan da Sarkin sarakuna na Rasha, misali, wata tsabar kudin-Sikeli Alexei Mikhailovich.

Periodization Sikeli tsabar kudi

Ancient tsabar kudi Sikeli a lokacin ta zama ba, ya halartar da yawa canje-canje, wanda ake dangantawa da takamaiman abubuwan da su samar da fasaha. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa domin sanin wasu periodization. A farkon lokaci - daga IX da farkon na XII karni - halin da rashi a Rasha hakar gwal, azurfa da tagulla. Yadu amfani waje tsabar kudi, da kuma nasu sanya masu daraja karafa bullion, wanda aka ɗauke shi da farko a matsayin wata haja. A wannan lokacin, shi ya kafa monetary-yin la'akari tsarin na Rasha.

A XII zuwa XIV karni, a lokacin da Tatar-Mongol karkiya, samar da nasu tsabar kudi shi aka katse.

A cikin uku lokaci - daga XIV da kuma farkon karni na XVI - ke bi Rasha banknotes gano, amma kowane mulkin gargajiya prince yakan mallaki kansa Mint.

A karo na hudu mataki ne kai tsaye alaka da gyara daga Elena Glinsky: a wannan lokaci, a karkashin shugabancin tsakiya na monetary tsarin a Moscow.

Na biyar lokaci ne saboda canje-canje a tsabar kudi a cikin kotu da Bitrus I. Akwai sauyawa daga cikin kudi Sikeli, buga a kan inji. Su ne ya fi girma a cikin nauyi da fuska darajar. A gidan goma tsarin na ji.

numismatists

Tun da Sikeli ne a ko'ina, da darajar dogara a kan yadda yawa musamman tsabar kudi a kasuwa, kazalika da karfe daga wanda an yi su. Farashi da gwanjo yana da kyawawan fadi da kewayon: daga 140 zuwa 7000 rubles. A mafi muhimmanci ne tsabar kudin shugabanninmu, saboda irin moneys ba su zo fadin ma sau da yawa. Kuma idan sun zo fadin, hãlãyensu ne sosai m. Sosai prized kwata na kudi da kuma rabin kudin, saboda akwai wadannan tsabar kudi ne ma musamman rare. Su kashi a cikin mined taskõkin ne kadan.