Monument Lermontov a Moscow: photo da kuma bayanin

Yuni 4, 1965, a kan wani m rani rana, da grand bude na tunawa Lermontovu Mihailu Yurevichu a mahaifarsa - a Moscow. A bikin ya samu halartar kasida, marubuta, masu bincike, dalibai, ƴan da talakawa da ma'aikata. Daga cikin podium busa taya murna da jawabai da kuma kasidu.

A ra'ayin don ƙirƙirar wani abin tunawa ga Lermontov a Moscow bayyana a cikin 1941. Shi ne a cikin shekara ta 100th ranar tunawa da mutuwar mawãƙi ta Metropolitan gwamnatin soma wani umurnin a yi na tunawa. Amma nan da nan ya fara girma Patriotic War ba zai yiwu a yi da ra'ayin a lokaci daya.

Kawai a farkon 60s akwai wata damar komawa zuwa wannan ra'ayin. da dama gasa ga mafi aikin na tunawa da aka za'ayi. Kuma a shekarar 1964, shekarar da 150th ranar tunawa da haihuwar, aikin farko a Moscow, abin tunawa ga Lermontov aka amince. Fara aiki a kan ta masana'antu.

Moscow a rayuwata Lermontov

A Moscow, Lermontov zauna a total na ba fiye da shekaru 5. Amma tare da birnin a cikin rayuwarsa da aka hade da mafi muhimmanci abubuwan da suka faru. Inda a watan Oktoba 1814 ne aka haife shi. Duk da haka, 'yan watanni baya, a farkon 1815, sai aka ɗauke shi zuwa Tarkhany, to Estate na kakarta a cikin uwa tasa ta gefe, inda ya tashi zuwa shekaru 13.

A 1827, Lermontov sake zaunar da su a Moscow, don samun ilmi. Ya san farko a cikin B & B a Moscow na mallaka University, sa'an nan ya tafi jami'a kanta.

A karshe, tare da Moscow da alaka da farkon m aiki na mawãƙi ne. A 1830, da "Spring" ya bayyana a cikin waka: "Athenaeum" mujallar. Ya na farko littafin na Lermontov. ya amincewa ya shiga cikin Rasha adabi na lokaci.

A farko tunawa da mawãƙi

Talk of samar da wani abin tunawa ga Lermontov fara a cikin marigayi XIX karni, game da shekaru 40 bayan da ya ban tausayi mutuwa a duel. A Pyatigorsk, akwai wani shirin kungiyar, wanda ya fara gabatar da ra'ayin, sunã neman gwamnati ta izni kuma manyan fundraiser.

A lokaci guda da aka samarwa kafa Lermontov abin tunawa a Moscow. Amma a 1880, mun zartar da m bikin a kan lokaci na da bude daga cikin abin tunawa ga Pushkin akwai (aikin Opekushin PM), don haka sabon m aikin Moscow gida dalĩli aka tilasta watsi.

Halittar abin tunawa aka riga da shekaru masu yawa na shirya aikin. A 1889 ya zo na farko a Pyatigorsk Lermontov tunawa.

Sauran Monuments Lermontov

Wadannan abin tunawa a gina a Pyatigorsk, Lermontov memorials fara bayyana cikin wasu garuruwan Rasha. A 1892 - in Penza (sculptor Gunzburg IJ), a 1896 - in St. Petersburg (Kreytan VP), a shekarar 1900 - a cikin kewayen birni Serednikovo (Golubkina AS). Sau biyu yunkurin kafa wani abin tunawa a shafin na Lermontov ta duel a Pyatigorsk. Aikin farko da aka aiwatar a cikin 1901 (ta Baikov AA), amma bayan shekaru 6, da sassaka fadi cikin disrepair saboda An yi gypsum. A sabon abin tunawa a wannan wuri da aka kafa a 1915 (marubucin Mikeshin BM).

Monuments MY Lermontov shigar a Tambov, Gelendzhik, ajiye gidan kayan gargajiya Tarkhany (Penza Region), Grozny. Yana da haka ya faru da cewa a mahaifarsa daga cikin mawãƙi a Moscow, ya memory aka bar kusan karshe. Amma Moscow ta tunawa tsaye a waje da kuma zanen, kuma ta na sarari bayani. Ya kasance a mutunta mutane da yawa m, amma more on cewa a saboda lokaci.

Akwai hanyoyi da wani wuri ga Lermontov abin tunawa a Moscow

Tambayar da wurin da abin tunawa za a shigar an warware sauri. Hukumar mambobin baki daya zaba ƙasa a kan Red Gate Square, wanda tun 1941 Bears mawãƙi sunan. Ba da nisa daga square akwai wani gidan inda da aka haife shi HU Lermontov.

Monument Lermontov a Moscow: da shiri mataki

Sani na tunawa da aka riga da shekaru masu yawa na aiki. Design gasar da aka gudanar tun shekarar 1958. A juri na membobin kungiyar Artists ya yi nazari da dama zaɓuɓɓuka saboda lokaci mai tsawo ba tare da gano wanda zai gamsar da su sosai. A iri-iri na mãkirci, kuma siffar da aka gabatar Monuments Lermontov, photos ba zai iya samun su, amma ya kasance mai fi'ili bayanin.

Wasu sculptors dogara a kan wani tsauri m bayani, da zabar wani sabon abu abun da ke ciki, matsayi, halin da ake ciki. Su Lermontov da aka sanya a kan wani dutse, a kan wani doki, yana zaune a ƙasa, a leji dutsen. Irin wannan ayyukan suke a nasu ban sha'awa, amma bai hadu da shafin da cewa an gano for nan gaba abin tunawa.

Sauran mawallafa sun mayar da hankali a kan watsa daga cikin ciki jihar na mawãƙi, ta hanyar ma'ana gestures, juya shugabannin, da dai sauransu Amma da} arfin magana na ra'ayin na juri, bai dace da image Lermontov.

A amfani da juri sun ayyukan da suke miƙa hadaya da na sarari ƙuduri na tunawa, bincikar yadda shi zai shige zuwa cikin kewaye wuri mai faɗi.

A rukuni na mawallafa a karkashin shugabanci na ID Brodsky a matakai na gasar ne daga cikin contenders ga nasara. Shi ne su aikin a shekarar 1964 da kuma aka amince.

Kungiyar mawallafa

Isaac Davidovich Brodsky ya fi balagagge memba na lashe m tawagar. Ya yi yaƙi a kan fronts na Great Patriotic War, da kuma bayan ta samun digiri sa suna a Cibiyar aiyuka da kuma ado Arts, inda ya yi karatu tare da sanannen sculptor MG Manizer. Kafin fara aiki a kan abin tunawa ga Lermontov, Brodsky riga ya kwarewa da gina Monuments. A 1954-1955 shekaru ya memorialized PM Gorky Tesselli da Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, sanya Monuments neman sauyi shugabannin.

Mun dauki bangare a cikin 2 matasa m - Nikolay Nikolaevich Milovidov da Grigoriy Efimovich Saevich. Su ke da alhakin sarari ƙuduri na tunawa, mai ladabi da size, matsayi a cikin yankin, aka bincikar matsayin sassaka zai zama cikin jituwa tare da kewaye gine-gine.

Invaluable taimako da m tawagar da wani bincike Il Andaranikas, ba tare da alamu da tukwici Lermontov abin tunawa a Moscow dã ba su samu irin wannan hoto, kuma m daidaito.

A zabi na kayan

Figure na mawãƙi aka yanke shawarar a sanya na tagulla. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi gargajiya kayan. Saboda da roba Properties, shi ba ka damar haifar sosai hadaddun qagaggun, kai da karami cikakken bayani. Monuments Lermontov a Rasha domin mafi yawan bangare sanya daga wannan gami.

Sanya na tagulla, da na ado grille da ke cikin tunawa da guda gungu. A sauran sassa na wannan gungu (pedestal benci sarari, da raga support pylon) suna yi na goge m dutse. Wannan hade da daban-daban irin zane da kaddarorin kayan yarda su sanya na ginin jumla da wasulla da kuma cimma iyakar expressiveness.

Description na tunawa

Monuments Lermontov a Rasha ne daban-daban cikin sharuddan dabara da kuma tasiri a kan viewer. Moscow Memorial dunkule kuma duk da haka sosai ma'ana. Figure mawãƙi yana da m contours kafa manyan m jirage, da iyakoki wanda converge a kaifi kusassari. Wannan ya bada ƙarfi matsayi da kuma adadi. Da alama cewa fili reticence boyewa wata babbar ciki makamashi.

M da kuma tsauri sassaka sa fassarar tufafi. A adadi da aka kewaye a cikin wani m soja gashi. Amma gusts fluttering ta benaye da talking abin wuya, m da mawãƙi kirjin zuwa ga abubuwa. Sagè, sa'an nan ya sõke Masana bayyana a cikin matsayi da hannuwa ƙuƙuntacce baya ya baya. Duk da haka, shugaban na mawãƙi volitional motsi ɓullo da zuwa da wata ãyã cewa ba ya so ya yi biyayya.

Yawa kokarin da aka shafe kokarin cimma kama. An musamman taimake tips Il Andaranikas. Domin tushen da aka kai hoto na Lermontov, halitta a 1837.

m bayani

Abu na farko da ya kamata ka kula a lokacin da magana game da fasali na abin tunawa ne, a cikin siffar da pedestal. A dukan abun da ke ciki na tunawa pedestal - shi ne mafi suna fadin da kuma tsaka tsaki part. Dutse al'amudi, kadan m a tsakiyar, kuma lokaci guda kiwata da siffa daga cikin mawãƙi kan kewaye yankin da kuma danganta shi zuwa gare su, saboda na wannan abu kafa kasuwa. Pillar, bã tãre da wani ado, ba wani abin shagala daga babban ɓangare na tunawa.

An muhimmin ɓangare na abun da ke ciki shi ne m benci, mikawa tare gefe daya daga cikin site. A tsakiyar karni na karshe, shi ne wani m bayani sarari. A halin yanzu, wannan dabara ne tartsatsi, ya nuna ta babban fasali da kuma amfanin.

Wani gagarumin kashi ne gungu curly grating embodying Lermontov silhouettes da haruffa - Demon da Mtsiri. Tsakanin su a high rearing kalaman nuna guda ze tashi. Raga ya yi aikin ba kawai na ado rawa, amma kuma raba yankin daga sauran abin tunawa shakatawa.

A da yawa Rasha birane, Monuments Lermontov shigar, da photo ne ba ko da yaushe zai yiwu don canja wurin su ga magana, jitu dangantaka tare da kewaye wuri mai faɗi. Abu daya ne wasu, abin tunawa gina a cikin Moscow, daga saman uku.