Neptune - duniya na 8 a jere daga rana. ban sha'awa facts

Neptune - duniya, na takwas daga rana. A wasu wurare, ta kewayewa intersects sararin samaniya na Pluto. Abin da duniya Neptune? A nasa ne da category Refayawa. Astrological ãyã - J.

sigogi

Neptune giant duniya motsi a kusa da rãnã samar da wani sarari suKe elliptical kusa madauwari. radius tsawon 24.750 kilomita. Wannan adadi ne sau hudu fi girma fiye da Earth. Mallaki duniya ta juyawa kudi ne don haka da sauri da cewa tsawon na rana akwai 17.8 hours.

A duniyar tamu Neptune ne daga Sun. cire by game da 4.5 biliyan kilomita, saboda haka, hasken kai abu a tambaya kadan fiye da hudu.

Ko da yake nufin yawa daga Neptune kusan sau uku kasa da cewa daga cikin duniya (shi ne 1,67 g / cc), ta taro ne 17.2 sau mafi girma. Wannan shi ne saboda manyan size na duniya.

Peculiarities na abun da ke ciki, tsarin da jiki yanayi

Neptune da Uranus - taurari, wadda ake bisa warke pyatnadtsatiprotsentnym gas dauke da hydrogen da kuma kananan adadin helium. Masana kimiyya kula da cewa blue giant yana da wani bayyanannen ciki tsari. A mafi kusantar da shi shi ne gaskiya cewa ciki na Neptune ne m core na kananan size.

A yanayi na duniya sun dauki hydrogen da helium methane da qananan impurities. Neptune sau da yawa faruwa babban hadari, haka ma, halin da eddies da tsananin iska a gare shi. A karshe duka a westerly shugabanci, ta gudu iya isa har zuwa 2200 km / h.

An lura da cewa gudu daga ya kwarara da kuma daga ƙarƙashinsu giant taurari ƙaruwa a matsayin nesa daga rana. Bayani na wannan abin kwaikwaya ba a samu ba tukuna. Godiya ga images dauka da musamman kayan aiki a Neptune ta yanayi, da damar duba a daki-daki, da girgije. Kamar yadda Saturn ko Jupiter, wannan duniyar tamu na da wani ciki zafi Madogararsa. Shi ne iya emit har zuwa sau uku fiye da makamashi fiye da shi yana karɓa daga rana da kanta.

Giant mataki a gaba

Kamar yadda tarihi takardun, Galileo gan Neptune 28.12.1612 shekara. A karo na biyu, ya ya iya kalla an unknown wani sarari suKe jiki 29.01.1613 A lokuta biyu, masana kimiyya dauki duniya zuwa ga wani ajali star, wanda shi ne a tare da Jupiter. Domin wannan dalili ne, gano Neptune Galileo ba yaba.

An tabbatar da cewa a 1612 da kallo lokaci, duniya yana gab da a tsaye, da kuma kawai a rãnar da Galileo farko gan ta, ta tafi zuwa ga retrograde motsi. Wannan tsari ne da lura a cikin akwati a lokacin da Duniya a sarari suKe gaba na cikin matsanancin taurari. Tun Neptune ya ba da nisa daga batu na tsaye, ya motsi ya yi rauni don su iya lura da wani karfi isa Galileo ta kawo nesa kusa.

A 1781, Herschel ya iya gano Uranus. Da masu bincike sa'an nan lasafta da sigogi na ta falaki. Bisa ga wadannan bayanai, Herschel ƙarasa da cewa gaban da m anomaly a cikin motsi na sarari abu: shi ne gaba da zane, sa'an nan ku tsayar da shi. Wannan hujja a yarda ya ɗauka cewa don Uranus ne wani taurãro, da gravitational Pull ya tarwatsa ta yanayin.

A 1843, Adams ya iya yin lissafi da kewayewa da wani m takwas duniya domin bayyana canje-canje a cikin sarari guda na Uranus. Bayani game da aiki, masana kimiyya ya aiko da falakin sarki - George Airy .. Ba da da ewa ya zo wani amsa wasika da bukatar ba haske kan a kan wasu batutuwa. Adams fara yin almara ake bukata, amma saboda wasu dalilai ba ya aiko da sako, kuma ba zai qaddamar tsanani aiki a kan batun.

Nan da nan samu na duniya Neptune ne saboda kokarin Le Verrier, Galle da kuma d'Aro. 09.23.1846 shekara, da ciwon samuwa data game da tsarin abubuwa na sarari suKe na so abu, da suka kafa aiki sanin wuri da m abu. A cikin farko da yamma na kokarin da aka lashe tare da nasara. A samu na duniya Neptune a lokacin da ake kira babban rabo na wani sarari suKe makanikai.

Akwai hanyoyi da suna

Bayan da aka samu na giant fara tunani game da abin da shi ne da sunan ba shi. Na farko zaži aka samarwa da Johann Galle. Ya so ya christen da m sarari abu KZ da Allah, NUNA farkon da kuma karshen a zamanin d Roman yaren, amma wannan sunan da ba yawa liking. Yawa warmer aka sadu da wani tayin Struve - da darektan na Pulkovo Observatory. Ya version - Neptune - kuma ya kasance karshe. The aiki na hukuma sunan giant duniya kawo ƙarshen yawa rigingimu da sabani.

Yadda yi ideas na Neptune

Shekaru sittin da suka wuce, bayanai game da blue giant daban-daban daga yau. Duk da cewa shi aka gwada da kyau sane da sidereal da synodic lokaci na juyawa a kusa da rana, a kan karkata daga ekweita ga orbital jirgin sama, data kasance samuwa, kasa daidai a tsare. Saboda haka, da taro na duniya da aka kiyasta a 17,26 maimakon 17.15 real da Equatorial radius - a 3,89, 3,88 da ba daga wannan duniya tamu. Game da gagarumi lokaci na juyin juya halin a kusa da axis, shi da aka yi imani da cewa shi ne 15 h. 8 min., Wanne ne kasa da na ainihi hamsin minti.

A wasu sigogi sun ma malfunctioning. Alal misali, kafin "Voyager 2" kusa da Neptune, da har zai yiwu, da aka zaci cewa Magnetic filin na duniya ne irin wannan a cikin sanyi ga duniya. A gaskiya, shi yayi kama a siffar da ake kira karkata rotator.

A bit na orbital resonances

Neptune ne iya tasiri a wata babbar nesa daga shi da Kuiper Belt. A karshen da aka wakilta wani zobe na kananan garin kankara taurari kama da asteroid bel tsakanin Jupiter kuma Mars, amma tare da wani yawa mafi girma har. Kuiper bel ne a karkashin gagarumin tasiri na da gravitational karfi Neptune janye, sakamakon ko da gibba kafa a cikin tsarin.

A falakinsu da abubuwa da aka gudanar a ce zone na dogon lokaci, don haka da ake kira sa wadanda mutane rawa tare da Neptune. A wasu lokuta, wannan lokaci ne m tare da lokaci na rana tsarin.

Neptune zone gravitational kwanciyar hankali kira Lagrange maki. Su duniyar tamu riko da wani babban yawan Trojan asteroids-kamar yana jan su tare da dukan falaki.

Features na ciki tsarin

A wannan girmamawa, kama da Neptune da Uranus. A yanayi da asusun for game da ashirin bisa dari na jimlar taro na duniya a karkashin shawara. A kusa da core, da hakan da matsa lamba. A kalla kudi - game da 10 GPA. A cikin ƙananan yadudduka da yanayi ne yawa na ruwa, ammonia da methane.

The abubuwa na ciki tsarin Neptune:

• A babba girgije, da yanayi.
• A yanayi kafa ta hydrogen, helium da methane.
• Alkyabbar (kankara methane, ammonia, ruwa).
• Rock-kankara core.

yanayin halaye

Daya daga cikin bambance-bambance daga Neptune Uranus ne mataki na meteorological aiki. A cewar data samu daga na'urar "Voyager 2", yanayin a kan wani blue giant aka canza akai-akai da kuma ma.

Yana yiwuwa a gane wani musamman tsauri tsarin hadari tare da iskõki mãsu isa gudun ko da a 600 m / s - kusan supersonic (mafi yawansu ba su busa a cikin wani shugabanci gaban Neptune juyawa a kusa da kansa axis).

A shekarar 2007, an bayyana cewa a cikin sama troposphere, da kudu iyakacin duniya na duniya ta goma digiri Celsius warmer fiye da sauran sassa, inda zafin jiki ne game -200 ° C. Wannan bambancin ne isa ya methane daga sauran bangarori na sama na yanayi yayyo cikin sarari a kudu iyakacin duniya. A sakamakon "zafi tabo" shi ne wani sakamako na axial karkatar da blue giant kudu iyakacin duniya wanda shekarun nan arba'in ƙasa ta rãnã. Kamar yadda jinkirin ci gaba a cikin sarari guda na Neptune to kishiyar sashi na ce wani sarari suKe jiki kudu iyakacin duniya sannu a hankali gaba daya tafi a cikin inuwa. Saboda haka, Neptune cika your Sun Arewa iyakacin duniya. Sanadiyar haka, yankin na saki na methane a sarari motsa a wannan bangare na duniya.

"Rakiyar" giant

Neptune - duniya, wanda yana da, da a yau ta data, takwas da tauraron dan adam. Daga gare su, daya manyan, uku matsakaici da kuma hudu kananan. Bari mu bincika uku mafi girma.

Kadangare

Shi ne mafi girma da tauraron dan adam, wanda yana da wata katuwar duniya Neptune. Yana da aka bude da William Lassell a 1846. Triton cire daga Neptune 394 700 km, da radius ne 1600 km. Kamar yadda sa ran, shi yana da yanayi. By girman da abu ne kusa da Moon. A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, da kama na Neptune Triton ya mai zaman kanta duniya.

nereid

Shi ne na biyu mafi girma watã na duniya karkashin shawara. A kan talakawan, aka cire daga Neptune 6.2 miliyan kilomita. Radius Nereid - 100 kilomita, da diamita - sau biyu. Domin su sa daya da juyin juya halin a kusa da Neptune, wannan tauraron dan adam ake bukata 360 kwanaki, cewa shi ne kusan shekara guda na Duniya. A gano Nereid faru a shekarar 1949.

Proteus

Wannan duniyar tamu ne na uku mafi girma, ba kawai a cikin size amma kuma a kan nesa daga Neptune. Ba za mu iya ce cewa Proteus yana da wasu na musamman halaye, amma shi ne ya masana kimiyya sun zaba don ƙirƙirar wani uku-girma m model bisa hotunan da na'ura "Voyager 2".

Sauran da tauraron dan adam ne kananan taurari, wadda hasken rana tsarin ne sararin.

Features na binciken

Neptune - duniya wanda a kan asusun na Sun? Takwas. Idan ka san daidai inda wannan giant, ba za ka iya ganin shi ko da a cikin m binopkulari. Neptune ne quite wuya a nazarin cosmic jiki. Wannan shi ne jera saboda gaskiyar cewa yana da haske kadan fiye da na takwas girma. Alal misali, daya daga cikin sama da tauraron dan adam - Triton - yana Sheen goma sha huɗu daidai magnitudes. Domin samu Neptune fitar da manyan ƙaruwa ake bukata don amfani.

Kumbon sama jannati "Voyager-2" ya iya cimma wani abu kamar Neptune. Planet (ga photo a cikin labarin) ya ɗauki bako a Duniya, a watan Agusta 1989. Godiya ga bayanan da aka tattara ta wannan jirgin, masana kimiyya da a kalla wasu bayanai game da wannan m abu.

Data daga "Voyager"

Neptune - duniya, wanda ya mai girma Dark Spot a kan ƙasa na kudancin yammancin duniya. Wannan shi ne mafi shahara da wani ɓangare na abu samu a sakamakon da kumbon sama jannati. A diamita na tabo ne kusan daidai ga Duniya. Iskõki Neptune dangana ta zuwa ga babban gudun na 300 m / s, a wani westerly shugabanci.

A cewar lura da HST (Hubble Space kawo nesa kusa) ga shekara ta 1994, Mai girma Dark Spot ya bace. An zaci cewa ya ko dissipated ko aka rufe da sauran sassa na yanayi. Bayan 'yan watanni, godiya ga kawo nesa kusa "Hubble", gudanar ya gano wani sabon tabo, located riga a arewacin yammancin duniya na duniya. Bisa ga wannan za mu iya cewa Neptune - a duniya wanda yanayi da aka canja hanzari - mai yiwuwa saboda hasken hawa da sauka daga yanayin zafi ƙananan kuma babba girgije.

Saboda da "Voyager-2" gano cewa bayyana abu yana da zobe. Su zama da aka saukar a 1981, a lokacin da daya daga cikin taurarin husufi Neptune. Abun Lura daga Duniya ba kawo yawa sakamakon: kawai suma arcs maimakon cikakken zobba kasance bayyane. Don taimaka "Voyager 2" zo a sake. A shekarar 1989, naúrar cikakken hotuna na zobba da aka sanya. Daya daga cikin su yana da wani ban sha'awa mai lankwasa tsarin.

Abin da aka sani a game da magnetosphere

Neptune - a duniya ta Magnetic filin wanda aka daidaitacce wajen m. Magnetic axis ne karkata a 47 darajõji ga juyawa axis. A duniya, shi za a nuna a cikin sabon abu hali na kamfas. Saboda haka, da Arewa iyakacin duniya za a located a kudancin Moscow. Wani sabon abu gaskiya ne cewa Neptune Magnetic filin fasali axis wuce ba ta hanyar da cibiyar.

Tambayoyi ba tare da amsoshi

- Me ne Neptune ta iskõki har karfi, yayin da shi ne da nisa sosai daga Sun? Don aiwatar da irin wannan tafiyar matakai ciki zafi Madogararsa, dake a cikin zurfin na duniya ne ba da karfi isa.

- Me kan site akwai wani rashin hydrogen da helium?

- Yadda za a yi da ci gaban da gwada da m aikin da cikakkiyar gano Uranus kuma Neptune amfani da kumbon sama jannati?

- Saboda abin da matakai kafa sabon abu Magnetic filin na duniya?

zamani bincike

Ƙirƙiri m model na Neptune da Uranus domin ganin da bayanin samuwar na kankara Refayawa tabbatar da wani fuskantar aiki. Don bayyana juyin halitta daga cikin biyu taurari mun sa a gaba wani babba yawan shiriritar. A cewar daya daga cikinsu, biyu Refayawa bayyana saboda rashin zaman lafiya a cikin tushe protoplanetary faifai, da kuma daga baya suka yi a zahiri yanayi deflated manyan aji star radiation B ko O.

A cewar wani ra'ayi, Neptune da Uranus kafa mun gwada kusa da rana, inda al'amarin yawa ne mafi girma, sa'an nan ya koma zuwa ga halin yanzu falaki. Wannan jarrabawa ya zama mafi tartsatsi, tun da shi zai iya taimaka bayyana samuwa resonances a Kuiper bel.

lura

Neptune - abin duniya daga Sun? Takwas. Kuma shi ne ba zai yiwu a ga da ido tsirara. Nuna alama girma giant - tsakanin +7,7 da +8,0. Saboda haka, shi ne dimmer fiye da yawa wani sarari suKe abubuwa, ciki har da Dwarf duniya Ceres, Jupiter ta amaryar wata , da kuma wasu asteroids. Domin kungiyar na high quality-lura na duniya na bukatar wani nesa kusa da akalla biyu da ɗari Musulunci karuwa a diamita na 200-250 mm. A gaban 7x50 binopkulari blue giant zai zama a bayyane a matsayin suma star.

Canza kusurwa diamita na dauke sarari abu ne a cikin 2.2-2.4 seconds na baka. Wannan shi ne saboda a manya-manyan nesa daga Earth ne duniya Neptune. Facts tsantsa da aka musamman wuya a kan matsayi na surface na blue giant. Da yawa ya canza tun zuwan da sarari kawo nesa kusa "Hubble" kuma mafi m ƙasa-tushen kida, sanye take da Na'urar kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta.

Abun Lura a cikin duniyar tamu rediyo band bayyana cewa Neptune wakiltar wani tushen flares sababbu yanayi, kazalika da ci gaba da radiation. Dukansu mamaki bayyana ta a juyawa Magnetic filin na blue giant. A kan wani sanyi bango a infrared yankin na bakan fili bayyane tashin hankali a cikin zurfin na duniya ta yanayi - abin da ake kira hadari. Suna generated da zafi daga compressible core. Godiya ga lura iya sanin su size da kuma siffar kamar yadda suka fade, kazalika da waƙa da motsi.

M duniya Neptune. ban sha'awa facts

- Domin kusan karni, wannan giant blue aka dauke mafi m, a cikin Solar System. Ko gano Pluto bai canja ba da wannan imani. Neptune - duniya na abin da lissafin? Takwas, amma ba na karshe, na tara. Duk da haka, shi ne wani lokacin da furthest daga mu star. Gaskiyar cewa Pluto yana da wani elongated kewayewa da cewa shi ne wani lokacin kusa da Sun fiye da sararin samaniya na Neptune. Blue giant gudanar ya sake samu da matsayi a matsayin mafi m duniya. Kuma duk godiya ga cewa Pluto koma cikin category na Dwarf abubuwa.

- Neptune yana da karami size daga cikin hudu gas Refayawa sani. Its Equatorial radius ne karami fiye Uranus, Saturn da Jupiter.

- Kamar yadda da dukan gas taurari, Neptune da wani m surface. Ko da kumbon sama jannati ya iya samun kansa, sai ya ba zai iya zuwa kasa. Maimakon haka, zai iya dipping zurfi a cikin duniya.

- Neptune ta nauyi a little more duniya (17%). Saboda haka, da karfi na janye abubuwa a kan duka biyu taurari ne kusan guda.

- Domin juya rãnã, Neptune bukatar 165 Duniya shekaru.

- blue cikakken launi na duniya da aka bayyana da mafi m Lines na wani gas kamar methane, rinjaye a nuna hasken giant.

ƙarshe

A cikin shakka daga nazarin sararin samaniya ya taka babbar rawar samu na taurari. Neptune da Pluto, kazalika da sauran abubuwa da aka gano a sakamakon aiki tukuru da yawa ilmin Taurari. Mafi m, shi ne a yanzu aka fi sani ga bil'adama na duniya - kawai karamin sashi na real hoto. Space - shi ne mai girma asiri, kuma shi zai yi don warware fiye da daya karni.